Danesti, Harghita
Encyclopedia
Dăneşti is a commune in Harghita County
, Romania
. It lies in the Székely Land
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
. The commune is composed of a single village, Dăneşti. It also included Mădăraş
until 2002, when it was split off to form a separate commune.
Until 1779, villagers were engaged in the operation of iron hammers, but in the 19th century it became a potters' village. Today, it has a black pottery factory. The village provided servicemen for the 7th Company of 1st Székely Infantry Regiment until 1851. Wood processing, animal-breeding and transportation were the main preoccupation of the villagers.
The village administratively belonged to Csíkszék district in the Kingdom of Hungary
until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when it fell within Csík County. After the Treaty of Trianon
of 1920, the village, like the rest of Tranylvania, became part of Romania
and fell within Ciuc County
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award
granted Northern Transylvania
to Hungary and the village was held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the village became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the village fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.
) majority. According to the 2002 census it has a population of 2315 of which 98.7% or 2,287 are Hungarian.
, Hungary
Harghita County
Harghita is a county in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea-Ciuc.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 326,222 and a population density of 52/km².*Hungarians- 85%...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. It lies in the Székely Land
Székely Land
The Székely Land or Szekler Land refers to the territories inhabited mainly by the Székely, a Hungarian-speaking ethnic group from eastern Transylvania...
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
. The commune is composed of a single village, Dăneşti. It also included Mădăraş
Madaras, Harghita
Mădăraș is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. It is composed of a single village, Mădăraș.- History :...
until 2002, when it was split off to form a separate commune.
History
It was first recorded in 1567 as Danffalwa and in 1576 as Dánfalva. Its name derives from the Hungarian and means 'Daniel's village' using the archaic Hungarian form of the name. Until 1919, its Romanian name used to be Danfalău, which was then Romanianized to the current official name.Until 1779, villagers were engaged in the operation of iron hammers, but in the 19th century it became a potters' village. Today, it has a black pottery factory. The village provided servicemen for the 7th Company of 1st Székely Infantry Regiment until 1851. Wood processing, animal-breeding and transportation were the main preoccupation of the villagers.
The village administratively belonged to Csíkszék district in the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when it fell within Csík County. After the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
of 1920, the village, like the rest of Tranylvania, became part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
and fell within Ciuc County
Ciuc County
Ciuc County was a county in the Kingdom of Romania. Its capital was Miercurea Ciuc. Its name was derived from the former county of the Kingdom of Hungary, Csík.-Geography:...
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award
Second Vienna Award
The Second Vienna Award was the second of two Vienna Awards arbitrated by the Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Rendered on August 30, 1940, it re-assigned the territory of Northern Transylvania from Romania to Hungary.-Prelude and historical background :After the World War I, the multi-ethnic...
granted Northern Transylvania
Northern Transylvania
Northern Transylvania is a region of Transylvania, situated within the territory of Romania. The population is largely composed of both ethnic Romanians and Hungarians, and the region has been part of Romania since 1918 . During World War II, as a consequence of the territorial agreement known as...
to Hungary and the village was held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the village became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the village fell within the Magyar Autonomous Region, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Magyar Autonomous Region. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.
Geography
It is located 21 km north of the county seat where the Köd Brook enters the Olt River. The commune is cut by the road E 578 and a railway line. Its natural resources: iron ore, mercury, kaolin, cinnabar, mineral water.Demographics
The commune has an absolute Hungarian (SzékelySzékely
The Székelys or Székely , sometimes also referred to as Szeklers , are a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, Romania...
) majority. According to the 2002 census it has a population of 2315 of which 98.7% or 2,287 are Hungarian.
Landmarks
- Its Roman Catholic Church was built between 1922 and 1935 consecrated in honour of the Immaculate Conception. It is surrounded by a fortified wall, strengthened by a tower. Not far from the church, stands the memorial column of Queen Elisabeth of HungaryElisabeth of BavariaElisabeth of Austria was the spouse of Franz Joseph I, and therefore both Empress of Austria and Queen of Hungary. She also held the titles of Queen of Bohemia and Croatia, among others...
, - 1.5 km west of the village, a thermal spa with a water of 21 °C can be visited at Dugásfürdő which was established in 1926,
- Sándor Petőfi School Center.
Notable people
The following notable people were born here:- Áron Antal (1881 - 1966): writer
- Antal Albert (1929-2005): editor-in-chief of local Hungarian newspaper Hargita Népe
- Ernő Albert (1932-): ethnographer
- Pál János (1921-): curator, ethnograher
- Márton Zsigmond (1947-): painter, mosaicist
Twinning
The commune is twinned with SoltSolt
Solt is a town in Bács-Kiskun county, Hungary. Near Solt there is a high-power medium wave transmitter.- Early Solt :The region has been populated since the Stone Age. The results of diggings brought up Roman coins, weapons, and bodies. The road from the province of Pannonia to Dacia cut through...
, Hungary
Hungary
Hungary , officially the Republic of Hungary , is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The...
