Darod
Encyclopedia
The Darod is a Somali clan
. The father of this clan is named Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
, but is more commonly known as Darod. In the Somali language
, the word Daarood means "an enclosed compound," a conflation of the two words daar (compound) and ood (place enclosed by wall, trees, woods, fence, etc.).
The Darod population in Somalia
lives principally in the north, with a presence in Kismayo in addition to the southwestern Gedo
region. Outside of Somalia proper, there are various Darod sub-clans in the Ogaden
and the North Eastern Province
(currently administered by Ethiopia and Kenya, respectively), as well as Yemen
. Several sources, including the Canadian
Report of the Somalia Commission of Inquiry, indicate that the Darod is the largest Somali clan. However, other sources such as the CIA
and Human Rights Watch
indicate that the Hawiye
is the largest Somali clan.
According to early Islamic books and Somali tradition, Muhammad ibn Aqil's descendant Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
(Darod), a son of the Sufi
Sheikh Isma'il al-Jabarti of the Qadiriyyah order, fled his homeland in the Arabian Peninsula
after an argument with his uncle. During the 10th or 11th century CE, Abdirahman is believed to have then settled in northern Somalia just across the Red Sea
and married the daughter of the Dir
chief, which is said to have given rise to the Darod clan family.
According to the British anthropologist and Somali Studies
veteran I.M. Lewis, while the traditions of descent from noble Arab families related to the Prophet
are most probably expressions of the importance of Islam
in Somali society, "there is a strong historically valid component in these legends which, in the case of the Darod, is confirmed in the current practice of a Dir representative officiating at the ceremony of installation of the chief of the Darod family."
A similar clan mythology exists for the Isaaq
, whom are said to have descended from one Sheikh
Ishaq ibn Ahmad al-'Alawi, another Banu Hashim
who came to Somalia around the same time. As with Sheikh Isaaq, there are also numerous existing hagiologies
in Arabic which describe Sheikh Darod's travels, works and overall life in northern Somalia, as well as his movements in Arabia before his arrival. Besides historical sources such as Al-Masudi
's Aqeeliyoon, a modern manaaqib (a collection of glorious deeds) printed in Cairo
in 1945 by Sheikh Ahmad bin Hussen bin Mahammad titled Manaaqib as-Sheikh Ismaa'iil bin Ibraahiim al-Jabarti also discusses Sheikh Darod and his proposed father Isma'il al-Jabarti, the latter of whom is reportedly buried in Bab Siham in the Zabid District
of western Yemen
.
Sheikh Darod's own tomb is in Haylaan
, situated in the Hadaaftimo Mountains in northern Somalia, and is the scene of frequent pilgrimage
s. Sheikh Isaaq is buried nearby in Maydh
, as is Sheikh Harti, a descendant of Sheikh Darod and the progenitor of the Harti Darod sub-clan, whose tomb lies in the ancient town of Qa’ableh
.
Sheikh Darod's mawlid
(birthday) is also celebrated every Friday with a public reading of his manaaqib.
The Darod were supporters of Imam
Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi
during his 16th century conquest of Ethiopia
, especially the Geri, Marehan, Yabarre, Harti and Bartire sub-clans, who fought at Shimbra Kure
, among other battles.
Somali men and women over the centuries, including many Sultan
s. Traditionally, the Darod population was mostly concentrated in the northern and northeastern cities on the Gulf of Aden
and upper Indian Ocean
coast in the Horn of Africa
. Darod noble men ruled these settlement pockets until the European colonial powers changed the political dynamics of Somalia during the late 19th century. Before many Darods began pushing southward in the mid-1850s, the Warsangali Sultanate governed the interior regions of Sanaag
and Sool
, while the Majeerteen Sultanate
and Sultanate of Hobyo
held steadfast in solidly established posts from Bosaso to Hobyo
.
In addition to their traditional strongholds in northern Somalia, Marehan
, Ogaden
, and Harti Darod members settled further down south and southwest in the Gedo
region (a region which was part of Upper Jubba as well as the entire length of the Jubaland
region, composed of Gedo, Middle Jubba and Lower Jubba).
Sheikh, Ismail bin Ibrahim Al-Jabarti, who is believed to have been born in Arabia. Tradition holds that he is descended from the Banu Hashim.
According to the book Aqeeliyoon, his lineage is: Abdirahmaan Bin Ismaa'iil Bin Ibraahim Bin Abdirahmaan Bin Muhammed Bin Abdi Samad Bin Hanbal Bin Mahdi Bin Ahmed Bin Abdallah Bin Muhammed Bin Aqil Bin Abu-Talib Bin Abdul-Mutalib Bin Hashim.
's Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics from 2005 and the United Kingdom
's Home Office
publication, Somalia Assessment 2001.
David D. Laitin and Said S. Samatar offer a slightly different table:
In the south central part of Somalia the World Bank shows the following clan tree:
In Puntland
the World Bank shows the following:
One tradition maintains that Darod had one daughter .
near Badhan
in the north-eastern Sanaag
region of Somalia
. His wife Dobira is buried just outside of the town.
Somali clan
The demographics of Somalia describes the condition and overview of Somalia's inhabitants. Demographic topics include basic education, health and population statistics, as well as identified racial and religious affiliations.-Somalis:...
. The father of this clan is named Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, also known as Darod or Dawud, is the man traditionally held to be the common ancestor of the Somali Darod clan...
, but is more commonly known as Darod. In the Somali language
Somali language
The Somali language is a member of the East Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family. Its nearest relatives are Afar and Oromo. Somali is the best documented of the Cushitic languages, with academic studies beginning before 1900....
, the word Daarood means "an enclosed compound," a conflation of the two words daar (compound) and ood (place enclosed by wall, trees, woods, fence, etc.).
The Darod population in Somalia
Somalia
Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...
lives principally in the north, with a presence in Kismayo in addition to the southwestern Gedo
Gedo
Gedo is an administrative region , formerly part of the historic Upper Juba Region in southern Somalia. Its regional capital is Garbahaarreey. Gedo is a region created in 1980s and is bordered by the Ogaden in Ethiopia, the North Eastern Province in Kenya, and the Somali regions of Bakool, Bay,...
region. Outside of Somalia proper, there are various Darod sub-clans in the Ogaden
Ogaden
Ogaden is the name of a territory comprising the southeastern portion of the Somali Regional State in Ethiopia. The inhabitants are predominantly ethnic Somali and Muslim. The title "Somali Galbeed", which means "Western Somalia," is often preferred by Somali irredentists.The region, which is...
and the North Eastern Province
North Eastern Province (Kenya)
North Eastern Province is the third largest province in Kenya and has thirteen constituencies represented in the Kenya National Assembly.The region is home to a rare type of antelope called the Hirola, which is classified as an endangered species. The NFD's pastoralists also possess livestock in...
(currently administered by Ethiopia and Kenya, respectively), as well as Yemen
Yemen
The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
. Several sources, including the Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
Report of the Somalia Commission of Inquiry, indicate that the Darod is the largest Somali clan. However, other sources such as the CIA
Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency is a civilian intelligence agency of the United States government. It is an executive agency and reports directly to the Director of National Intelligence, responsible for providing national security intelligence assessment to senior United States policymakers...
and Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Its headquarters are in New York City and it has offices in Berlin, Beirut, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo,...
indicate that the Hawiye
Hawiye
The Hawiye is a Somali clan. Members of the clan primarily live in central and southern Somalia, in the Ogaden and the North Eastern Province , and in smaller numbers in other countries. Like many Somalis, Hawiye members trace their ancestry to Irir Samaale...
is the largest Somali clan.
History
Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti
Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti, also known as Darod or Dawud, is the man traditionally held to be the common ancestor of the Somali Darod clan...
(Darod), a son of the Sufi
Sufism
Sufism or ' is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam. A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a '...
Sheikh Isma'il al-Jabarti of the Qadiriyyah order, fled his homeland in the Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula is a land mass situated north-east of Africa. Also known as Arabia or the Arabian subcontinent, it is the world's largest peninsula and covers 3,237,500 km2...
after an argument with his uncle. During the 10th or 11th century CE, Abdirahman is believed to have then settled in northern Somalia just across the Red Sea
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a seawater inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia. The connection to the ocean is in the south through the Bab el Mandeb strait and the Gulf of Aden. In the north, there is the Sinai Peninsula, the Gulf of Aqaba, and the Gulf of Suez...
and married the daughter of the Dir
Dir
-Acronyms:* Detroit International Riverfront, an area of Detroit, Michigan that borders the Detroit River* Developmental, Individual differences, Relationship-based approach, a developmental intervention to autism developed by Stanley Greenspan and Serena Weider....
chief, which is said to have given rise to the Darod clan family.
According to the British anthropologist and Somali Studies
Somali Studies
Somali Studies is the scholarly term for research concerning Somalis and Somalia. It consists of several disciplines such as anthropology, sociology, linguistics, historiography and archaeology...
veteran I.M. Lewis, while the traditions of descent from noble Arab families related to the Prophet
Muhammad
Muhammad |ligature]] at U+FDF4 ;Arabic pronunciation varies regionally; the first vowel ranges from ~~; the second and the last vowel: ~~~. There are dialects which have no stress. In Egypt, it is pronounced not in religious contexts...
are most probably expressions of the importance of Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
in Somali society, "there is a strong historically valid component in these legends which, in the case of the Darod, is confirmed in the current practice of a Dir representative officiating at the ceremony of installation of the chief of the Darod family."
Isaaq
The Isaaq is one of the main Somali clans. Members of the clan principally live in the northwestern Somaliland region of Somalia, and the Somali Region of Ethiopia. The populations of five major cities of Somaliland – Hargeisa, Burco, Berbera, Ceerigaabo and Gabiley – are predominantly Isaaq...
, whom are said to have descended from one Sheikh
Sheikh
Not to be confused with sikhSheikh — also spelled Sheik or Shaikh, or transliterated as Shaykh — is an honorific in the Arabic language that literally means "elder" and carries the meaning "leader and/or governor"...
Ishaq ibn Ahmad al-'Alawi, another Banu Hashim
Banu Hashim
Banū Hāshim was a clan in the Quraysh tribe. Muhammad, was a member of this clan; his great-grandfather was Hashim, for whom the clan is named. Members of this clan are referred to by the Anglicised version of their name as Hashemites, or Huseini or Hasani...
who came to Somalia around the same time. As with Sheikh Isaaq, there are also numerous existing hagiologies
Hagiography
Hagiography is the study of saints.From the Greek and , it refers literally to writings on the subject of such holy people, and specifically to the biographies of saints and ecclesiastical leaders. The term hagiology, the study of hagiography, is also current in English, though less common...
in Arabic which describe Sheikh Darod's travels, works and overall life in northern Somalia, as well as his movements in Arabia before his arrival. Besides historical sources such as Al-Masudi
Al-Masudi
Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Mas'udi , was an Arab historian and geographer, known as the "Herodotus of the Arabs." Al-Masudi was one of the first to combine history and scientific geography in a large-scale work, Muruj adh-dhahab...
's Aqeeliyoon, a modern manaaqib (a collection of glorious deeds) printed in Cairo
Cairo
Cairo , is the capital of Egypt and the largest city in the Arab world and Africa, and the 16th largest metropolitan area in the world. Nicknamed "The City of a Thousand Minarets" for its preponderance of Islamic architecture, Cairo has long been a centre of the region's political and cultural life...
in 1945 by Sheikh Ahmad bin Hussen bin Mahammad titled Manaaqib as-Sheikh Ismaa'iil bin Ibraahiim al-Jabarti also discusses Sheikh Darod and his proposed father Isma'il al-Jabarti, the latter of whom is reportedly buried in Bab Siham in the Zabid District
Zabid District
Zabid District is a district of the Al Hudaydah Governorate in western Yemen.-Overview:The Yemeni Sufi Sheikh Isma'il al-Jabarti of the Qadiriyyah order is buried in the Zabid District. The father of Sheikh Abdirahman bin Isma'il al-Jabarti , the progenitor of the Somali Darod clan, Isma'il...
of western Yemen
Yemen
The Republic of Yemen , commonly known as Yemen , is a country located in the Middle East, occupying the southwestern to southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, and Oman to the east....
.
Sheikh Darod's own tomb is in Haylaan
Haylaan
Haylaan, also known as Haylan, is an ancient town in the northern Sanaag region of Somalia.-Overview:An old settlement, Haylaan is the site of numerous ancient ruins and buildings, many of obscure origins. Northern Somalia in general is home to numerous such archaeological sites...
, situated in the Hadaaftimo Mountains in northern Somalia, and is the scene of frequent pilgrimage
Pilgrimage
A pilgrimage is a journey or search of great moral or spiritual significance. Typically, it is a journey to a shrine or other location of importance to a person's beliefs and faith...
s. Sheikh Isaaq is buried nearby in Maydh
Maydh
Maydh is an ancient town in the Sanaag region of northern Somalia.Local control is disputed between Somaliland, a self-declared independent republic that is internationally recognized as an autonomous region of Somalia, the autonomous Puntland region in northeastern Somalia, and HBM-SSC , a local...
, as is Sheikh Harti, a descendant of Sheikh Darod and the progenitor of the Harti Darod sub-clan, whose tomb lies in the ancient town of Qa’ableh
Qa’ableh
Qa’ableh is a town in the northern Sanaag region of Somalia. It is the site of numerous archaeological structures and tombs.-Overview:Qa'ableh is located near the Haylaan historical ruins. An ancient city, it is home to numerous archaeological sites and structures, similar to those found in...
.
Sheikh Darod's mawlid
Mawlid
Mawlid or sometimes ميلاد , mīlād is a term used to refer to the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad which occurs in Rabi' al-awwal,...
(birthday) is also celebrated every Friday with a public reading of his manaaqib.
The Darod were supporters of Imam
Imam
An imam is an Islamic leadership position, often the worship leader of a mosque and the Muslim community. Similar to spiritual leaders, the imam is the one who leads Islamic worship services. More often, the community turns to the mosque imam if they have a religious question...
Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi
Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi "the Conqueror" was an Imam and General of Adal who invaded Ethiopia and defeated several Ethiopian emperors, wreaking much damage on that kingdom...
during his 16th century conquest of Ethiopia
History of Ethiopia
This article covers the prehistory and history of Ethiopia.-Prehistory:Lucy, discovered in the Awash Valley of Ethiopia's Afar region, is considered the world's second-oldest, but most complete and best preserved, adult Australopithecine fossil...
, especially the Geri, Marehan, Yabarre, Harti and Bartire sub-clans, who fought at Shimbra Kure
Battle of Shimbra Kure
The Battle of Shimbra Kure was fought in March of 1529 between the forces of Adal led by Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi, and the Ethiopian army, under Dawit II . Despite being outnumbered, the followers of Imam Ahmad prevailed, and were in control of the field at the end of the battle. Both...
, among other battles.
Nobility
The Darod clan has produced numerous nobleNobility
Nobility is a social class which possesses more acknowledged privileges or eminence than members of most other classes in a society, membership therein typically being hereditary. The privileges associated with nobility may constitute substantial advantages over or relative to non-nobles, or may be...
Somali men and women over the centuries, including many Sultan
Sultan
Sultan is a title with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic language abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", and "dictatorship", derived from the masdar سلطة , meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who...
s. Traditionally, the Darod population was mostly concentrated in the northern and northeastern cities on the Gulf of Aden
Gulf of Aden
The Gulf of Aden is located in the Arabian Sea between Yemen, on the south coast of the Arabian Peninsula, and Somalia in the Horn of Africa. In the northwest, it connects with the Red Sea through the Bab-el-Mandeb strait, which is about 20 miles wide....
and upper Indian Ocean
Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering approximately 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian Subcontinent and Arabian Peninsula ; on the west by eastern Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and...
coast in the Horn of Africa
Horn of Africa
The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East Africa that juts hundreds of kilometers into the Arabian Sea and lies along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden. It is the easternmost projection of the African continent...
. Darod noble men ruled these settlement pockets until the European colonial powers changed the political dynamics of Somalia during the late 19th century. Before many Darods began pushing southward in the mid-1850s, the Warsangali Sultanate governed the interior regions of Sanaag
Sanaag
Sanaag is an administrative region in northern Somalia. Its capital city is Erigavo.Sanaag has a long coastline facing the Gulf of Aden to the north, and is bordered by the Somali regions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sool and Bari....
and Sool
Sool
Sool is an administrative region in northern Somalia.-Overview:With its capital at Las Anod, Sool is historically known for being the seat of the anti-colonial Dervish movement....
, while the Majeerteen Sultanate
Majeerteen Sultanate
The Majeerteen Sultanate , also known as Migiurtinia, was a Somali ruling house in present-day northern Somalia. Ruled by King Osman Mahamuud during its Golden Age, it controlled much of northern and central Somalia in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The polity had all of the organs of an...
and Sultanate of Hobyo
Sultanate of Hobyo
The Sultanate of Hobyo was a 19th century Somali ruling house in present-day northern Somalia. It was carved out of the former Majeerteen Sultanate by Yusuf Ali Kenadid, cousin of the Majeerteen Sultanate's ruler, Boqor Osman Mahamuud....
held steadfast in solidly established posts from Bosaso to Hobyo
Hobyo
Hobyo is an ancient harbor city in the Mudug region of Somalia. Hobyo literally means "here, water", and the plentiful fresh water to be had from the wells in and around the town has been the driving force behind Hobyo's ancient status as a favorite port-of-call for sailors.-Establishment:Hobyo's...
.
In addition to their traditional strongholds in northern Somalia, Marehan
Marehan
The Marehan are a Somali clan. They are one of the major Darod sub-clans, forming a part of the Sade confederation of clans. The majority of the Marehan live in the Jubbada Hoose, Gedo and Jubbada Dhexe regions in southwestern Somalia, as well as the Galguduud and Mudug regions in central...
, Ogaden
Ogaden (clan)
The Ogaden is a Somali clan, and one of the largest Darod subclans.-Overview:Members of the Ogaden clan primarily live in the central Ogaden plateau of Ethiopia , the North Eastern Province of Kenya, and the Jubaland region of Southern Somalia...
, and Harti Darod members settled further down south and southwest in the Gedo
Gedo
Gedo is an administrative region , formerly part of the historic Upper Juba Region in southern Somalia. Its regional capital is Garbahaarreey. Gedo is a region created in 1980s and is bordered by the Ogaden in Ethiopia, the North Eastern Province in Kenya, and the Somali regions of Bakool, Bay,...
region (a region which was part of Upper Jubba as well as the entire length of the Jubaland
Jubaland
Jubaland , also known as Azania or the Juba Valley and formerly as Trans-Juba , is an autonomous region in southern Somalia. Its eastern border lies 40–60 km east of the Jubba River, stretching from Gedo to the Indian Ocean, while its western side flanks the North Eastern Province in...
region, composed of Gedo, Middle Jubba and Lower Jubba).
Lineage
Darod is the son of the famous SufiSufism
Sufism or ' is defined by its adherents as the inner, mystical dimension of Islam. A practitioner of this tradition is generally known as a '...
Sheikh, Ismail bin Ibrahim Al-Jabarti, who is believed to have been born in Arabia. Tradition holds that he is descended from the Banu Hashim.
According to the book Aqeeliyoon, his lineage is: Abdirahmaan Bin Ismaa'iil Bin Ibraahim Bin Abdirahmaan Bin Muhammed Bin Abdi Samad Bin Hanbal Bin Mahdi Bin Ahmed Bin Abdallah Bin Muhammed Bin Aqil Bin Abu-Talib Bin Abdul-Mutalib Bin Hashim.
Sons of Darod Ismail
Darod had five sons:- Ahmed bin Abdirahman: Axmed-Sade Darod
- Muhammad bin Abdirahman: Maxamed-Kablalax Darod
- Hussien bin Abdirahman: Xuseen-Tanade Darod
- Yousuf bin Abdirahman: Yusuuf-Awrtable Darod
- Eissa bin Abdirahman: Cisse-Isse Darod
Clan tree
There is no clear agreement on the clan and sub-clan structures and many lineages are omitted. The following listing is based upon the World BankWorld Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programmes.The World Bank's official goal is the reduction of poverty...
's Conflict in Somalia: Drivers and Dynamics from 2005 and the United Kingdom
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
's Home Office
Home Office
The Home Office is the United Kingdom government department responsible for immigration control, security, and order. As such it is responsible for the police, UK Border Agency, and the Security Service . It is also in charge of government policy on security-related issues such as drugs,...
publication, Somalia Assessment 2001.
- Darod (Daarood)
- Geri Kombe
- MarehanMarehanThe Marehan are a Somali clan. They are one of the major Darod sub-clans, forming a part of the Sade confederation of clans. The majority of the Marehan live in the Jubbada Hoose, Gedo and Jubbada Dhexe regions in southwestern Somalia, as well as the Galguduud and Mudug regions in central...
- Red Dini
- Rer Hassan
- Eli Dheere
- Kabalah
- Absame
- OgadenOgaden (clan)The Ogaden is a Somali clan, and one of the largest Darod subclans.-Overview:Members of the Ogaden clan primarily live in the central Ogaden plateau of Ethiopia , the North Eastern Province of Kenya, and the Jubaland region of Southern Somalia...
- Makabul
- Mohamed Zubeir
- AulihanAulihanThe Aulihan are a Somali clan, a division of the larger Ogaden clan, living on both sides of the Kenya - Somalia border.The Aulihan migrated from the Ogaden region of Western Ethiopia in response to pressure from the expanding Ethiopian empire and had taken control of the hinterland of the lower...
- Jidwaq
- Ogaden
- Harti
- DhulbahanteDhulbahanteThe Dhulbahante is a Somali clan, and a part of the larger Harti Darod clan. Members of the clan primarily inhabit the Sool, Nugaal, Sanaag and Ayn regions, the Haud, the port city of Kismayo, as well as other areas in the Jubbada Hoose region of southern Somalia.-Tradition:Currently, there are...
(Dolbahante) - WarsangaliWarsangaliThe Warsangeli , is a Somali clan, part of the Harti confederation of Darod sub-clans...
(Warsengeli) - MajeerteenMajeerteenThe Majeerteen is a Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Harti confederation of Darod sub-clans, and primarily inhabit the Puntland region in northeastern Somalia....
(Mijerteen)- Omar Mahmud
- Issa Mahmud
- Osman Mahmoud (Osman Mahmud)
- Dhulbahante
- Absame
David D. Laitin and Said S. Samatar offer a slightly different table:
- Darod (Daarood)
- SadeSade (clan)The Sade clan is a Somali clan that includes the Marehan and the Facaayo or Facaye. They live in Gedo and Ogaden or Western Somalia also in the North Eastern Province in Kenya. The Marehan extended families are, like most Somalis, pastoral nomads and also one of the most respected clan families...
(MarehanMarehanThe Marehan are a Somali clan. They are one of the major Darod sub-clans, forming a part of the Sade confederation of clans. The majority of the Marehan live in the Jubbada Hoose, Gedo and Jubbada Dhexe regions in southwestern Somalia, as well as the Galguduud and Mudug regions in central...
)- Rer Diine
- Rer Siyaad Hussen
- 'Ele
- Wagarda
- Talhe
- Yuusuf (Awrtable)
- Tanade (LeelkaseLeelkaseLeelkase or Lelkase is a subclan of the Somali Darod clan.-Distribution:The term "Leelkase" is a Somali nickname, which translates as "farsighted, mindful, smart, very intelligent"....
) - Kabalah
- Koombe
- Harti
- DhulbahanteDhulbahanteThe Dhulbahante is a Somali clan, and a part of the larger Harti Darod clan. Members of the clan primarily inhabit the Sool, Nugaal, Sanaag and Ayn regions, the Haud, the port city of Kismayo, as well as other areas in the Jubbada Hoose region of southern Somalia.-Tradition:Currently, there are...
- WarsangaliWarsangaliThe Warsangeli , is a Somali clan, part of the Harti confederation of Darod sub-clans...
- MajeerteenMajeerteenThe Majeerteen is a Somali clan. Its members form a part of the Harti confederation of Darod sub-clans, and primarily inhabit the Puntland region in northeastern Somalia....
- Dhulbahante
- Bartire
- Jidwaq
- Geri
- Absguul
- OgadenOgaden (clan)The Ogaden is a Somali clan, and one of the largest Darod subclans.-Overview:Members of the Ogaden clan primarily live in the central Ogaden plateau of Ethiopia , the North Eastern Province of Kenya, and the Jubaland region of Southern Somalia...
- Harti
- Koombe
- Sade
In the south central part of Somalia the World Bank shows the following clan tree:
- Darood
- Kablalah
- Koobe
- Kumade
- Isse
- SadeSade (clan)The Sade clan is a Somali clan that includes the Marehan and the Facaayo or Facaye. They live in Gedo and Ogaden or Western Somalia also in the North Eastern Province in Kenya. The Marehan extended families are, like most Somalis, pastoral nomads and also one of the most respected clan families...
- Mareehan
- Facaye
- Ortoble
- LeelkaseLeelkaseLeelkase or Lelkase is a subclan of the Somali Darod clan.-Distribution:The term "Leelkase" is a Somali nickname, which translates as "farsighted, mindful, smart, very intelligent"....
(Lelkase)
- Kablalah
In Puntland
Puntland
Puntland , officially the Puntland State of Somalia , is a region in northeastern Somalia, centered on Garowe in the Nugaal province. Its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998....
the World Bank shows the following:
- Darod
-
- Harti
- OgadenOgaden (clan)The Ogaden is a Somali clan, and one of the largest Darod subclans.-Overview:Members of the Ogaden clan primarily live in the central Ogaden plateau of Ethiopia , the North Eastern Province of Kenya, and the Jubaland region of Southern Somalia...
- Marehan
- Awrtable
- Lelkase
-
One tradition maintains that Darod had one daughter .
Darod's tomb
Darod is buried in an old town called HaylaanHaylaan
Haylaan, also known as Haylan, is an ancient town in the northern Sanaag region of Somalia.-Overview:An old settlement, Haylaan is the site of numerous ancient ruins and buildings, many of obscure origins. Northern Somalia in general is home to numerous such archaeological sites...
near Badhan
Badhan
Badhan may refer to:* Badhan, Sanaag, Somalia* al-Badhan, a Palestinian village in the West Bank* Badhan , a group founded at the University of Dhaka to promote blood donation* Badhan , a clan of the Jat people....
in the north-eastern Sanaag
Sanaag
Sanaag is an administrative region in northern Somalia. Its capital city is Erigavo.Sanaag has a long coastline facing the Gulf of Aden to the north, and is bordered by the Somali regions of Woqooyi Galbeed, Togdheer, Sool and Bari....
region of Somalia
Somalia
Somalia , officially the Somali Republic and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory...
. His wife Dobira is buried just outside of the town.
Notable Darod people
- Abdulqawi YusufAbdulqawi YusufDr. Abdulqawi Ahmed Yusuf is a prominent Somali international lawyer and judge. As of February 6, 2009, he is a judge at the International Court of Justice.-Biography:...
, Majeerteen, international lawyer; judge at the International Court of Justice - Asli Hassan AbadeAsli Hassan AbadeAsli Hassan Abade was the first and so far only female pilot in the Somali Air Force . A prominent member of the SAF, she paved the way for gender equality within the military ranks.-Peace campaign:...
, Ogaden, first Somali female pilot and prominent member of the Somali Air Force - Zakariye Haji AbdiZakariye Haji AbdiZakariye Haji Abdi is the former Somali Minister for Information and Telecommunication, Higher Education & Culture, Acting Foreign Minister and the leader of Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia...
, Leelkase, former Somali Minister for Post and Telecommunication and leader of the Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia - Mohammed Sheikh AddenMohammed Sheikh AddenMohamed Aden Sheikh was a Somali medical doctor and politician who held posts as Minister of Health, Minister of Education, and Minister of Information...
, Marehan, Somali intellectual, former head of Somali Technological Development, Minister of Information, Minister of Education, Marehan, Head of the Ideology Bureau SRRC - Abdullahi Yusuf AhmedAbdullahi Yusuf AhmedAbdullahi Yusuf Ahmed is a veteran Somali politician. He is one of the founders of the Somali Salvation Democratic Front, as well as the Puntland State of Somalia, where he served as the autonomous region's first President...
, Majeerteen, former President of Somalia, President of PuntlandPuntlandPuntland , officially the Puntland State of Somalia , is a region in northeastern Somalia, centered on Garowe in the Nugaal province. Its leaders declared the territory an autonomous state in 1998....
and leader in the Somali Salvation Democratic FrontSomali Salvation Democratic FrontSomali Salvation Democratic Front , initially known as the Democratic Front for Salvation of Somalia was a political and paramilitary umbrella organization in Somalia. Founded in 1978 by several army officers, it was the first of several opposition groups dedicated to ousting the authoritarian...
, and one of the founders of the Puntland State of Somalia and the Somali Salvation Democratic FrontSomali Salvation Democratic FrontSomali Salvation Democratic Front , initially known as the Democratic Front for Salvation of Somalia was a political and paramilitary umbrella organization in Somalia. Founded in 1978 by several army officers, it was the first of several opposition groups dedicated to ousting the authoritarian...
. - Abdulrahman Jama BarreAbdulrahman Jama Barre-Biography:Jama Barre was born into a Marehan Darod family in Somalia. A close relative of former President of Somalia, Mohamed Siad Barre, he served as the nation's Foreign Minister for many years...
, Marehan, Somali Foreign Minister and close relative of Siad Barre - Siad BarreSiad BarreMohamed Siad Barre was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991. During his rule, he styled himself as Jaalle Siyaad ....
, Marehan, third President of Somalia, 1969–1991 - Muhammad Abdi YusufMuhammad Abdi YusufMuhammad Abdi Yusuf was the Prime Minister of Somalia from December 8, 2003 to November 3, 2004.-Biography:Yusuf was appointed Prime Minister on December 8, 2003 by then President of Somalia, Abdiqasim Salad Hassan, to replace Hassan Abshir Farah...
, Awrtable, former TNG Prime Minister of Somalia - Haji Dirie HirsiHaji Dirie HirsiHaji Dirie Hirsi , , was a Somali trader and businessman who contributed to the founding of the Somali Youth League in 1942-1945.-Biography:Haji Dirie established the first Somali school in 1938...
, Awrtable, businessman and leader in the struggle for independence. - Fatimo Isaak BihiFatimo Isaak BihiFatimo Isaak Bihi is a former Somali diplomat. She was the first ever female ambassador . Bihi is also the former Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as being a former Permanent Representative for Somalia at the United Nations.- References :...
, Marehan, first Somali female ambassador, Ambassador to Geneva, Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Abdi BileAbdi BileAbdi Bile is a former middle distance runner from Somalia. In 1987 he became world champion in the 1500 metres, the first Somali to do so.-Career:...
, Dhulbahante, winner of the 1,500 metres at the "1987 World Championships in Athletics" - Faarax Maxamed Jaamac CawlFaarax Maxamed Jaamac CawlFarah Mohamed Jama Awl , usually credited as Faarax M.J. Cawl, was a Somali writer. His surname Cawl means "gazelle", which was the nickname of his great-grandfather who was the Sultan of the Warsangali clan. The Awl family also includes the Warsangali Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire.-Biography:Awl was...
, Warsangeli, writer - Hassan Abshir Farah, Majeerteen, former Mogadishu mayor, Somali ambassador to Japan and later to Germany, interior minister of Puntland, prime minister of Transitional Federal Government from Arta, and current TFG minister of fishing and marine resource
- Nuruddin FarahNuruddin FarahNuruddin Farah is a prominent Somali novelist.-Early years:Born in Baidoa, Somalia, Farah is the son of a merchant father and a poet mother. As a child, he attended school at Kallafo in the Ogaden, and studied English, Arabic, and Amharic. In 1963, three years after Somalia's independence, Farah...
, Ogaden, prominent writer and winner of the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for LiteratureNeustadt International Prize for LiteratureThe Neustadt International Prize for Literature is a biennial award for literature sponsored by the University of Oklahoma and its international literary publication, World Literature Today. It is widely considered to be the most prestigious international literary prize after the Nobel Prize in... - Abdirahman Mohamud FaroleAbdirahman Mohamud FaroleAbdirahman Mohamud Farole is a Somali politician. He is the fourth and current President of Puntland.-Biography:Farole was born in the qandala region of Somalia in 1945. He first pursued his post-secondary education locally, earning a Diploma of Public Health in 1964 from the Scuola Professionale...
, Majeerteen, President of Puntland - Ali Khalif Galaydh, Dhulbahante, former TNG Prime Minister of Somalia
- Mohamed Yussuf HajiMohamed Yussuf Haji-Political career:Haji was born to an Ogaden Darod family, the same Somali clan as the former Defense Minister of Somalia, Mohamed Abdi Gandhi.Haji is a member of the Kenya African National Union political party, and was elected to represent the Ijara Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya...
, Ogaden, Defense Minister of Kenya - Ali Matan HashiAli Matan HashiAli Matan Hashi , also known as Ali Matan, was a Somali senior military official and politician. He was the first Somali pilot, and a prominent member of the Supreme Revolutionary Council .-History:Ali Matan was born into a Marehan Darod family....
, Marehan, first Somali pilot, commander of Somali Airforce 1959-1978, Minister of Justice, Minister of Health, Somali Nationalist. - Mohammed Abdullah HassanMohammed Abdullah HassanSayyīd Muhammad `Abd Allāh al-Hasan was a Somali religious and patriotic leader...
, Ogaden, the SayyidSayyidSayyid is an honorific title, it denotes males accepted as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his grandsons, Hasan ibn Ali and Husain ibn Ali, sons of the prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra and his son-in-law Ali ibn Abi Talib.Daughters of sayyids are given the titles Sayyida,...
; religious and nationalist leader of the Dervish StateDervish StateThe Dervish state was an early 20th century Somali Sunni Muslim state that was established by Muhammad Abdullah Hassan, a religious leader who gathered Somali soldiers from across the Horn of Africa and united them into a loyal army known as the Dervishes...
; called the Mad Mullah by the British - Mohammed Haji-Ali ShirwaMohammed Haji-Ali ShirwaMohammed Haji-Ali Shirwa , a son of former Somali seamen and the brother of Omar Haji Ali, a former Somali diplomat, was a former colonel in Somali Army and poet who collected many Somali and North Somali poets by writing and saving for generation to come, however his books are yet to published, as...
Warsangeli,Former Colonel in Somali Army and Historian - Mohamud Muse HersiMohamud Muse HersiMohamud "Adde" Muse Hersi is a Somali politician. He was the President of the Puntland region of Somalia from January 8, 2005 to January 8, 2009.-Biography:...
, Majeerteen, former President of Puntland - Mohamed Abdi HashiMohamed Abdi HashiMohamed Abdi Hashi is a Somali politician. He was the interim President of Puntland from October 2004 to January 8, 2005.-References:...
, Dulbahante, former President of Puntland, Former Vice-president of Puntland, Former Chairman of USP (United Somali Party) Pan-Somali party. Known for his surpassing integrity, nationalism and fairness. - Aden Ibrahim Aw HirsiAden Ibrahim Aw HirsiAden Aw Hirsi is a Somali politician and author who specializes in political science.-Biography:The great grandson of Sheikh Aw Hirsi, a well-known Qadiri sufi leader, Aden Ibrahim Aw Hirsi, nicknamed 'Irro was born in 1968 in the southern Gedo region of Somalia.-Education:He attended primary and...
, Marehan, Author, Islamic Jurisprudence/Political Science scholar, governor of Gedo region 2006 - 2008. - Mohamud Hashi Abdi Hoosh, Marehan, Jubba Regional Army Command 1980-1991
- Abdirizak Haji HusseinAbdirizak Haji HusseinAbdirizak Haji Hussein was Prime Minister of Somalia from 14 June 1964 to 15 July 1967.-Biography:Hussein was born in 1924 to a Majerteen Darod family in Galkacyo, the capital of the north-central Mudug region of Somalia...
, Majeerteen, Prime Minister of Somalia. - Ahmed Farah Ali 'Idaja'Ahmed Farah Ali 'Idaja'Ahmed Farah Ali is a Somali language writer and publisher of Somali written folklore.-Background:...
, Marehan, one of the first Somali language writers and 'father' of the Somali written folklore - Hirsi Magan IsseHirsi Magan IsseHirsi Magan Isse was a scholar and one of the leading figures of the Somali revolution. A part of Somalia's political elite, he was a leader in the Somali Salvation Democratic Front , one of the earliest and most influential factions in the Somali Civil War that broke out in 1991...
, Majeerteen, scholar and one of the leaders of the Somalian revolution - Fatima JibrellFatima JibrellFatima Jibrell is a prominent Somali-American environmental activist. She is the co-founder and Executive Director of the Horn of Africa Relief and Development Organization , co-founder of Sun Fire Cooking, and was instrumental in the creation of the Women’s Coalition for Peace.-Biography:Jibrell...
, Warsangeli, award-winning environmentalist - Osman Yuusuf Keenadiid, Majeerteen, inventor of the Osmanya writing script
- Yaasiin Cismaan KeenadiidYaasiin Cismaan KeenadiidYaasiin Cismaan Keenadiid is a Somali intellectual. He is one of the founders of the Somali Youth League and an influential literary scholar, having written a seminal dictionary of the Somali language.-Family and name:...
, Majeerteen, author of the Somali Dictionary and founding member of the Somali Youth LeagueSomali Youth LeagueThe Somali Youth League was the first political party in Somalia. It played a key role in the nation's road to independence during the 1950s and 1960s.-History:... - Mohammed Awale LibanMohammed Awale LibanMohammed Awale Liban was a Somali scholar. He is noted for having designed the flag of Somalia in 1954.-References:...
, Majeerteen, designed the flag of SomaliaFlag of SomaliaThe flag of Somalia was adopted on October 12, 1954. It was designed by Mohammed Awale Liban. Upon reunification of Italian Somaliland and British Somaliland, the flag was used for the nascent Somali Republic.-History:... - Farah MaalimFarah MaalimFarah Maalim Mohamed is a renowned ethnic Somali politician with almost two decades of experience on the Kenyan political scene. He is the current Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya.-Biography:...
, Ogaden, Deputy Speaker in the Parliament of Kenya - Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed, Marehan, incumbent Prime Minister of Somalia
- Mire Hagi Farah MohamedMire Hagi Farah MohamedDr. Mire Hagi Farah Yusuf was a Somali politician. He was born in Qandala, and educated at Somali Polytechnical School, Mogadisho, and in the USA, where he studied economics and political science. He returned to Somalia to serve his country, and was nominated to be Mayor of Kismayo in early 1996,...
, Majeerteen, Somali Finance Minister 2004-2006, and former Mayor Of Kismayo port City - Mohammed Said Hersi MorganMohammed Said Hersi MorganMohammed Said Hersi Morgan was the son-in-law of Siad Barre and minister of defense of Somalia. Said Hersi Morgan is thought to be responsible for many atrocities committed against the Somali population during the Barre government and during the civil war of the 1990s in the region of Kismayu...
, Majeerteen, defence minister beginning of 1990s - Mohammed Jibril Musse, Majeerteen, former Chief of Somali National Secret Service, General and later on Police chief of state of Puntland
- Said Sheikh Samatar, Leelkase, professor at Rutgers University
- Prof Mohammed Ahmed Hussain (Dhoobaalle), Awrtable, Founder and Director, Simad University
- Abdirashid Ali ShermarkeAbdirashid Ali ShermarkeAbdirashid Ali Shermarke was Prime Minister of Somalia from July 12, 1960 to June 14, 1964, and President of Somalia from June 10, 1967 until his assassination on October 15, 1969...
, Majeerteen, second President of Somalia, 1967–1969 - Omar Abdirashid Ali SharmarkeOmar Abdirashid Ali SharmarkeOmar Abdirashid Ali Sharmarke is a Somali diplomat and politician. He is the former Prime Minister of Somalia.-Biography:...
, Majeerteen, former Prime Minister of Somalia, and son of Abdirashid Ali Shermarke - Yasin Haji Osman SharmarkeYasin Haji Osman Sharmarke-History:Sharmarke was born to a Majerteen Darod family.He was the leader of the Somali Youth League , Somalia's first political party. Having also been instrumental in the organization's creation, Sharmarke and other early SYL nationalists were strongly influenced by the religious rebellion at the...
, one of the founders of the Somali Youth League and its first leader. - Mohamoud Ali ShireMohamoud Ali ShireMohamoud Ali Shire was a Somali ruler. He was the 20th Sultan of the Warsangali Sultanate from 1897 to 1960.-Titles:Also known as the Gerad, the Sultan was the sole regent and governor of the sultanate. He also enjoyed many other titles, including "Sovereign of the House of North East of...
, Warsangeli, Sultan of former "British Somaliland" (1897–1960) - Ahmed WarsameAhmed WarsameGeneral Ahmed Warsame was the Head of the former Somali Military Academy and Somali National Front.-References:...
, Marehan, Head of the Somali Military - Xasan Xayle, Warsangeli, Somali poet from Las Khorey
