Dukes of Urbino
Encyclopedia
The Duchy of Urbino was a sovereign state of northern Italy.
The first lords of Urbino
were the Montefeltro, who obtained the title of counts from Emperor Frederick II
in 1213. The first Duke was Oddantonio
, who received the title from Pope Eugene IV
in 1443. The duchy's territories occupied approximately the northern part of the modern region of Marche
: they were bordered by the Adriatic Sea
at east, the Republic of Florence
at west and by the Papal States
southwards.
In 1523 the capital was moved to Pesaro
. After the short rule by Cesare Borgia
in 1502–08, the dukedom went to the Della Rovere
papal family, who held it until 1625, when Pope Urban VIII
annexed to the Papal States as Legazione
del Ducato di Urbino (later Legazione di Urbino).
The first lords of Urbino
Urbino
Urbino is a walled city in the Marche region of Italy, south-west of Pesaro, a World Heritage Site notable for a remarkable historical legacy of independent Renaissance culture, especially under the patronage of Federico da Montefeltro, duke of Urbino from 1444 to 1482...
were the Montefeltro, who obtained the title of counts from Emperor Frederick II
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II , was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages and head of the House of Hohenstaufen. His political and cultural ambitions, based in Sicily and stretching through Italy to Germany, and even to Jerusalem, were enormous...
in 1213. The first Duke was Oddantonio
Oddantonio da Montefeltro
Oddantonio da Montefeltro was the first duke of Urbino in Italy.Oddantonio succeeded his father Guidantonio as count of Urbino. He was the half-brother of Federico da Montefeltro. The testamentary division of the county between Oddantonio and Federico is not known; nor is the relationship between...
, who received the title from Pope Eugene IV
Pope Eugene IV
Pope Eugene IV , born Gabriele Condulmer, was pope from March 3, 1431, to his death.-Biography:He was born in Venice to a rich merchant family, a Correr on his mother's side. Condulmer entered the Order of Saint Augustine at the monastery of St. George in his native city...
in 1443. The duchy's territories occupied approximately the northern part of the modern region of Marche
Marche
The population density in the region is below the national average. In 2008, it was 161.5 inhabitants per km2, compared to the national figure of 198.8. It is highest in the province of Ancona , and lowest in the province of Macerata...
: they were bordered by the Adriatic Sea
Adriatic Sea
The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges...
at east, the Republic of Florence
Republic of Florence
The Republic of Florence , or the Florentine Republic, was a city-state that was centered on the city of Florence, located in modern Tuscany, Italy. The republic was founded in 1115, when the Florentine people rebelled against the Margraviate of Tuscany upon Margravine Matilda's death. The...
at west and by the Papal States
Papal States
The Papal State, State of the Church, or Pontifical States were among the major historical states of Italy from roughly the 6th century until the Italian peninsula was unified in 1861 by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia .The Papal States comprised territories under...
southwards.
In 1523 the capital was moved to Pesaro
Pesaro
Pesaro is a town and comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. According to the 2007 census, its population was 92,206....
. After the short rule by Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia , Duke of Valentinois, was an Italian condottiero, nobleman, politician, and cardinal. He was the son of Pope Alexander VI and his long-term mistress Vannozza dei Cattanei. He was the brother of Lucrezia Borgia; Giovanni Borgia , Duke of Gandia; and Gioffre Borgia , Prince of Squillace...
in 1502–08, the dukedom went to the Della Rovere
Della Rovere
Della Rovere is a noble family of Italy. Coming from modest beginnings in Savona, Liguria, the family rose to prominence through nepotism and ambitious marriages arranged by two Della Rovere popes, Francesco della Rovere, who ruled as Pope Sixtus IV and his nephew Giuliano...
papal family, who held it until 1625, when Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII , born Maffeo Barberini, was pope from 1623 to 1644. He was the last pope to expand the papal territory by force of arms, and was a prominent patron of the arts and reformer of Church missions...
annexed to the Papal States as Legazione
Papal legate
A papal legate – from the Latin, authentic Roman title Legatus – is a personal representative of the pope to foreign nations, or to some part of the Catholic Church. He is empowered on matters of Catholic Faith and for the settlement of ecclesiastical matters....
del Ducato di Urbino (later Legazione di Urbino).
Montefeltro, counts of Urbino
- 1234-1241: Buonconte I da Montefeltro
- 1241-1255: Montefeltrano II da MontefeltroMontefeltrano II da MontefeltroMontefeltrano II da Montefeltro was an Italian condottiero, who was lord of Urbino from 1242 until his death. He was also count of Montefeltro and Pietrarubbia....
- 1255-1285: Guido I da Montefeltro (died 1298)
- 1285-1304: Papal rule
- 1296-1322: Federico I da Montefeltro
- 1322-1359: Nolfo da MontefeltroNolfo da MontefeltroNolfo da Montefeltro was count of Montefeltro from 1323 to 1360. He was the son of Federico I da Montefeltro, who had been slain by the people of the city in revolt against him....
(died 1364)- 1322-1324: Papal rule
- 1359-1364: Papal rule
- 1360-1363: Federico II da MontefeltroFederico II da MontefeltroFederico II Paolo Novello da Montefeltro was Count of Urbino from 1364 until his death. He was the son of Nolfo da Montefeltro.His son Antonio returned to Urbino in 1364....
- 1363-1404: Antonio II da MontefeltroAntonio II da MontefeltroAntonio II da Montefeltro was an Italian condottiero and count of Urbino.Born at Urbino, he was a grandson to count Nolfo da Montefeltro and the son to Federico II da Montefeltro. He occupied Urbino in 1375 and also owned Cagli...
- 1369-1375: Papal rule
- 1404-1443: Guidantonio da MontefeltroGuidantonio da MontefeltroGuidantonio da Montefeltro was count of Urbino in Italy from 1403 until his death.In 1403, at the death of his father Antonio, Guidantonio inherited the family lands in the region of Italy called the Marche. Later he abandoned the Papal suzerainty and allied with King Ladislaus of Naples, who made...
Montefeltro, Dukes of Urbino
- 1443-1444: Oddantonio da MontefeltroOddantonio da MontefeltroOddantonio da Montefeltro was the first duke of Urbino in Italy.Oddantonio succeeded his father Guidantonio as count of Urbino. He was the half-brother of Federico da Montefeltro. The testamentary division of the county between Oddantonio and Federico is not known; nor is the relationship between...
, first Duke of Urbino - 1444-1482: Federico III da Montefeltro - title of Duke bestowed upon him 23 August 1474, before that he was Conte di Urbino, count of Urbino.
- 1482-1508: Guidobaldo da MontefeltroGuidobaldo da Montefeltrothumb|240px|Portrait of Guidobaldo da Montefeltro by [[Raphael]].Guidobaldo da Montefeltro , also known as Guidobaldo I, was an Italian condottiero and the Duke of Urbino from 1482 to 1508.-Biography:...
- 1502-1503: Cesare BorgiaCesare BorgiaCesare Borgia , Duke of Valentinois, was an Italian condottiero, nobleman, politician, and cardinal. He was the son of Pope Alexander VI and his long-term mistress Vannozza dei Cattanei. He was the brother of Lucrezia Borgia; Giovanni Borgia , Duke of Gandia; and Gioffre Borgia , Prince of Squillace...
has effective control
- 1502-1503: Cesare Borgia
Rovere, Dukes of Urbino
- 1508-1516: Francesco Maria I della RovereFrancesco Maria I della RovereFrancesco Maria I della Rovere was an Italian condottiero, who was Duke of Urbino from 1508 until 1538.- Biography :...
- 1516-1519: Lorenzo II de' Medici (part of 1517, Francesco Maria I della Rovere restored)
- 1521-1538: Francesco Maria I della RovereFrancesco Maria I della RovereFrancesco Maria I della Rovere was an Italian condottiero, who was Duke of Urbino from 1508 until 1538.- Biography :...
- 1539-1574: Guidobaldo II della RovereGuidobaldo II della RovereGuidobaldo II della Rovere was an Italian condottiero, who was Duke of Urbino from 1538 until his death.- Biography :...
- 1574-1621: Francesco Maria II della RovereFrancesco Maria II della RovereFrancesco Maria II della Rovere was the last Duke of Urbino.- Biography :Born at Pesaro, Francesco Maria was the son of Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Count of Montefeltro and Vittoria Farnese, Princess of Parma...
(died 1631, resigned authority in 1624) - 1621-1623: Federico Ubaldo della Rovere
- 1623-1631: Francesco Maria II della RovereFrancesco Maria II della RovereFrancesco Maria II della Rovere was the last Duke of Urbino.- Biography :Born at Pesaro, Francesco Maria was the son of Guidobaldo II della Rovere, Duke of Urbino, Count of Montefeltro and Vittoria Farnese, Princess of Parma...
- 1625-: to the Papal StatesPapal StatesThe Papal State, State of the Church, or Pontifical States were among the major historical states of Italy from roughly the 6th century until the Italian peninsula was unified in 1861 by the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia .The Papal States comprised territories under...
- 1625-: to the Papal States
See also
- History of Urbino
- PesaroPesaroPesaro is a town and comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. According to the 2007 census, its population was 92,206....
- Federico II da MontefeltroFederico II da MontefeltroFederico II Paolo Novello da Montefeltro was Count of Urbino from 1364 until his death. He was the son of Nolfo da Montefeltro.His son Antonio returned to Urbino in 1364....
- Historical States of ItalyHistorical states of ItalyItaly, until the present era, was a conglomeration of city-states and other small independent entities. The following is a list of the various states that made up what we now know as Italy during the past...
- Holy Roman EmpireHoly Roman EmpireThe Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
Sources
- Franceschini, G. (1970), I Montefeltro . Milan.
- Ugolini, F. (1859), Storia dei conti e duchi d'Urbino . Florence.