Dunglass
Encyclopedia
Dunglass is a location in East Lothian
, Scotland
, lying east of the Lammermuir Hills
on the North Sea
coast. It has a 15th century Dunglass Collegiate Church
, now in the care of Historic Scotland
. Dunglass is the birthplace of Sir James Hall, an 18th century Scottish geologist
and geophysicist.
and 11 km (7 mi) southeast of Dunbar
. The whole of Dunglass lies in an area of 2.47 km², located within the historical county of Haddingtonshire and the parish
of Oldhamstocks
. It lies to the east of the Lammermuir Hills on the North Sea coast at the point where the old Great North Road
and modern A1 as well as the London-Edinburgh railway cross the gorge of the Dunglass Burn. The burn is the historical boundary between the counties of Haddingtonshire or East Lothian and Berwickshire
. From 1975-96 it was the boundary between Lothian and Borders Regions. It is now the boundary between the council areas of East Lothian and the Scottish Borders. Other settlements nearby include Cove
, Pease Bay
, and Pease Dean
.
, was built in the 14th century. It passed, on their forfeiture in 1516, to the Douglases
, but was besieged and destroyed by the English under the Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland
in the winter of 1532, and again under the Protector Somerset
in 1547, when held by Sir George Douglas.
The castle was rebuilt, in an enlarged and improved form, and gave accommodation in 1603 to James VI of Scotland, and all his retinue, when on his journey to London to take up the English throne.
However, it was again destroyed in 30th August 1640 when held by a party of Covenanters under Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington
. An English page, according to Scotstarvet, vexed by a taunt against his countrymen, thrust a red-hot iron into a powder barrel, and himself was killed, with the Earl, his half-brother, Richard, and many others.
The Hall family occupied Dunglass for 232 years from 1687. Francis James Usher bought the Estate from Sir John Richard Hall, 9th Bart in 1919, and the estate remains in the Usher family.
and James Hutton
set off from Dunglass Burn in a boat heading east along the coast looking for evidence to support Hutton's theory that rock formations were laid down in an unending cycle over immense periods of time. They found examples of Hutton's Unconformity
at several places, particularly an outcrop at Siccar Point
sketched by Sir James Hall. As Playfair later recalled, "The mind seemed to grow giddy by looking so far back into the abyss of time".
East Lothian
East Lothian is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. It borders the City of Edinburgh, Scottish Borders and Midlothian. Its administrative centre is Haddington, although its largest town is Musselburgh....
, Scotland
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
, lying east of the Lammermuir Hills
Lammermuir Hills
The Lammermuir Hills, usually simply called the Lammermuirs , in southern Scotland, form a natural boundary between Lothian and the Scottish Borders....
on the North Sea
North Sea
In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively...
coast. It has a 15th century Dunglass Collegiate Church
Collegiate church
In Christianity, a collegiate church is a church where the daily office of worship is maintained by a college of canons; a non-monastic, or "secular" community of clergy, organised as a self-governing corporate body, which may be presided over by a dean or provost...
, now in the care of Historic Scotland
Historic Scotland
Historic Scotland is an executive agency of the Scottish Government, responsible for historic monuments in Scotland.-Role:As its website states:...
. Dunglass is the birthplace of Sir James Hall, an 18th century Scottish geologist
Geologist
A geologist is a scientist who studies the solid and liquid matter that constitutes the Earth as well as the processes and history that has shaped it. Geologists usually engage in studying geology. Geologists, studying more of an applied science than a theoretical one, must approach Geology using...
and geophysicist.
Geography
Dunglass is a small settlement located about 1 km (0.5 mi) northwest of CockburnspathCockburnspath
Cockburnspath is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. It lies near the North Sea coast between Berwick-upon-Tweed and Edinburgh. It is at the eastern extremity of the Southern Upland Way, a long-distance footpath from the west to east coast of Scotland, and it is also the terminus...
and 11 km (7 mi) southeast of Dunbar
Dunbar
Dunbar is a town in East Lothian on the southeast coast of Scotland, approximately 28 miles east of Edinburgh and 28 miles from the English Border at Berwick-upon-Tweed....
. The whole of Dunglass lies in an area of 2.47 km², located within the historical county of Haddingtonshire and the parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
of Oldhamstocks
Oldhamstocks
Oldhamstocks or Aldhamstocks is a civil parish and small village in the east of East Lothian, Scotland, overlooking the North Sea. It has a population of 193, and overlooks the North Sea. The parish church was consecrated in 1292.The summer Gala Day hosts activities such as sporting events...
. It lies to the east of the Lammermuir Hills on the North Sea coast at the point where the old Great North Road
Great North Road
There are several Great North Roads:* Great North Road, Australia, a historical road leading from Sydney to the Hunter Valley* Great North Road, New Zealand, a road in Auckland* Great North Road, Zambia, a road running north from Lusaka...
and modern A1 as well as the London-Edinburgh railway cross the gorge of the Dunglass Burn. The burn is the historical boundary between the counties of Haddingtonshire or East Lothian and Berwickshire
Berwickshire
Berwickshire or the County of Berwick is a registration county, a committee area of the Scottish Borders Council, and a lieutenancy area of Scotland, on the border with England. The town after which it is named—Berwick-upon-Tweed—was lost by Scotland to England in 1482...
. From 1975-96 it was the boundary between Lothian and Borders Regions. It is now the boundary between the council areas of East Lothian and the Scottish Borders. Other settlements nearby include Cove
Cove, Scottish Borders
Cove is a village in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, close to Cockburnspath, Dunglass, Innerwick, Oldhamstocks, Bilsdean, and, further afield, Dunbar and Eyemouth. It is approximately 36 miles east of Edinburgh and is about 8 miles from Dunbar...
, Pease Bay
Pease Bay
Pease Bay is a bay in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, close to the border with East Lothian as well as Cockburnspath, Cove and Dunglass.-Pease Dean:Pease Dean is a Scottish Wildlife Trust reserve. It consists of Pease Burn and Tower Burn....
, and Pease Dean
Pease Dean
Pease Dean is a nature reserve at Pease Bay, in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, near the Anglo-Scottish border and Cockburnspath, Cove, and Dunglass. OS 67 NT794707....
.
Dunglass Castle and estate
Dunglass Castle, once a stronghold of the Earls of HomeEarl of Home
The title Earl of Home was created in 1605 in the Peerage of Scotland for Alexander Home of that Ilk, who was already the 6th Lord Home.The Earl of Home holds the subsidiary titles of Lord Home , and Lord Dunglass , in the Peerage of Scotland; and Baron Douglas, of Douglas in the County of Lanark ...
, was built in the 14th century. It passed, on their forfeiture in 1516, to the Douglases
Clan Douglas
Clan Douglas is an ancient Scottish kindred from the Scottish Lowlands taking its name from Douglas, South Lanarkshire, and thence spreading through the Scottish Borderland, Angus, Lothian and beyond. The clan does not currently have a chief, therefore it is considered an armigerous clan.The...
, but was besieged and destroyed by the English under the Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland
Earl of Northumberland
The title of Earl of Northumberland was created several times in the Peerages of England and Great Britain, succeeding the title Earl of Northumbria. Its most famous holders were the House of Percy , who were the most powerful noble family in Northern England for much of the Middle Ages...
in the winter of 1532, and again under the Protector Somerset
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset
Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, 1st Earl of Hertford, 1st Viscount Beauchamp of Hache, KG, Earl Marshal was Lord Protector of England in the period between the death of Henry VIII in 1547 and his own indictment in 1549....
in 1547, when held by Sir George Douglas.
The castle was rebuilt, in an enlarged and improved form, and gave accommodation in 1603 to James VI of Scotland, and all his retinue, when on his journey to London to take up the English throne.
However, it was again destroyed in 30th August 1640 when held by a party of Covenanters under Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington
Earl of Haddington
Earl of Haddington is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1627 for the noted Scottish lawyer and judge Thomas Hamilton, 1st Earl of Melrose. He was Lord President of the Court of Session from 1616 to 1625...
. An English page, according to Scotstarvet, vexed by a taunt against his countrymen, thrust a red-hot iron into a powder barrel, and himself was killed, with the Earl, his half-brother, Richard, and many others.
The Hall family occupied Dunglass for 232 years from 1687. Francis James Usher bought the Estate from Sir John Richard Hall, 9th Bart in 1919, and the estate remains in the Usher family.
Sir James Hall
In the Spring of 1788, the geologist Sir James Hall together with John PlayfairJohn Playfair
John Playfair FRSE, FRS was a Scottish scientist and mathematician, and a professor of natural philosophy at the University of Edinburgh. He is perhaps best known for his book Illustrations of the Huttonian Theory of the Earth , which summarized the work of James Hutton...
and James Hutton
James Hutton
James Hutton was a Scottish physician, geologist, naturalist, chemical manufacturer and experimental agriculturalist. He is considered the father of modern geology...
set off from Dunglass Burn in a boat heading east along the coast looking for evidence to support Hutton's theory that rock formations were laid down in an unending cycle over immense periods of time. They found examples of Hutton's Unconformity
Hutton's Unconformity
Hutton's Unconformity is any of various famous geological sites in Scotland. These are places identified by 18th-century Scottish geologist James Hutton as an unconformity, which provided evidence for his Plutonist theories of uniformitarianism and about the age of the Earth.-Theory of rock...
at several places, particularly an outcrop at Siccar Point
Siccar Point
Siccar Point is a rocky promontory in the county of Berwickshire on the east coast of Scotland.It is famous in the history of geology for Hutton's Unconformity found in 1788, which James Hutton regarded as conclusive proof of his uniformitarian theory of geological development.-History:Siccar...
sketched by Sir James Hall. As Playfair later recalled, "The mind seemed to grow giddy by looking so far back into the abyss of time".
See also
- Dunglass Collegiate ChurchDunglass Collegiate Church, East LothianDunglass Collegiate Church is situated in south-east East Lothian just off the old A1 highway, one mile north of Cockburnspath in Berwickshire, Scotland, UK.-History:...
, dates to 1443- Chapel of St. Mary at Dunglass, dates to 1423
- Dunglass Viaduct
- Dunglass railway bridge
- Earl of Home
- Dunglass CastleDunglass CastleDunglass Castle, situated in West Dunbartonshire, is a ruinous castle, originally constructed during 1400-1542. A large section of high wall remains, to approximately 7-8 metres high, with a mixture of original and newer construction. A small concial dovecot also exists on the south wall but it...
, West DunbartonshireWest DunbartonshireWest Dunbartonshire is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland. Bordering onto the west of the City of Glasgow, containing many of Glasgow's commuter towns and villages as well as the city's suburbs, West Dunbartonshire also borders onto Argyll and Bute, Stirling, East...