Döbling
Encyclopedia
Döbling is the 19th District
in the city of Vienna
, Austria
(German
: 19. Bezirk, Döbling, Doebling). It is located on the north end from the central districts, north of the districts Alsergrund
and Währing
. Döbling has some heavily populated urban areas with many residential buildings, and borders the Vienna Woods.
It hosts some of the most expensive residential areas such as Grinzing
, Sievering
, Neustift am Walde
and Kaasgraben and is also the site of a large number of Heurigen restaurants. There are also some large Gemeindebau
ten, including Vienna's most famous one, the Karl-Marx-Hof
.
Also located in Döbling is the American International School of Vienna
.
and spans the slope of the Wienerwald
(Vienna Forest) to the Danube
and the Danube Canal that make up the border of the district in the east. The Danube forms the border between Döbling and the district Floridsdorf
, and the canal forms the border to the district Brigittenau
. At the Gürtel Bridge, over the Donau Canal, the district border splits off and separates Döbling in the south along the Vienna Belt
from the district Alsergrund
. At the Schrottenbachgasse the district border branches towards the northwest and separates Döbling from the district Währing
along the line Währinger Park-Hasenauerstraße-Peter Jordan Straße-Starkfriedgasse -Sommerhaidenweg. There is then a short border to the district Hernals
at the edge of Vienna.
(compared to Vienna city-wide as 33.3%). To 85.2% involves Housing areas; the proportion of Betriebsbaugebiete, as 2.2% of the district area, is very low (Vienna 7.6%). With a greenspace share as 51.8% (48.3% for Vienna), Döbling is the 5th greenist district of Vienna. It accounts for 14.9% of district land as agricultural land, while the vineyard
here plays the biggest role around Grinzing
, Nußdorf, Sievering
, Neustift am Walde
and Salmannsdorf
. Further 25.4% of the district is forest
ed, plus 5.3% in meadows, 2.7% in small gardens, 2.5% in parks, and 0.9% as sports and recreational areas. The remainder district territory has 11.0% in traffic/transport and 4.6% on water. While the proportion of water is higher in relation to the whole city of Vienna, the proportion on traffic is below.
and the neighboring districts. The highest summit is Hermannskogel (542 m, 1778 ft); however, the symbols of Döblings are the Kahlenberg (484 m, 1588 ft) and the nearby Leopoldsberg
(427 m, 1401 ft). Other hills in this region are: the Reisenberg, Latisberg, Vogelsangberg, Dreimarkstein and Nußberg. Besides, there are partially built-up elevations in Döbling, such as Hohe Warte in Heiligenstadt
, the Hungerberg in Grinzing
, and the Hackenberg in Sievering
.
but now are mostly hard-installed or led as stream canals.
Originally they all flowed, with the exception of the Waldbach (forest stream), into the Danube canal. Because the catchment areas of the streams lie in the sandstone zone of the Viennese forest, the streams can and were able to grow on a multiple of its normal water quantity. This led again and again to destructive flood waters, especially along the Krottenbach. The Krottenbach was the most important stream in Döbling, and is led practically perfectly as a stream canal. It includes the area behind the federal secondary school Billrothstraße, underground, and through Sievering, joins into the Arbesbach (Erbsenbach) stream, which today in the upper run, still flows openly until Obersievering.
The Nesselbach passes yet to the Krapfenwaldl openly, before it unites underground with the Reisenbergbach stream in Grinzing
. The Reisenbergbach stream passes openly at the same time yet until shortly before the center of Grinzing. Almost entirely in the open, the Schreiberbach stream passes up to Nußdorf
and the Waldbach stream at Kahlenbergerdorf. Through diverting water, the Döblinger Bach stream has entirely disappeared. This sprang originally in the Cottage and flowed in the Spittelau into the Danube Canal.
Döbling is formed by more, newer self-sufficient communities, including:
The name derives from the Slavic * topl’ika
("swampy waters" or "swampy place").
The name "Döbling" relates to the lake of the Krottenbach stream,
while further possibility of interpretation derives from
Old Slavic
Toplica ( "warm stream").
Later spellings of the place-name were for example Toblich,
Töbling and Tepling. In the formation of the district 1890/92,
the name was finally "Döbling", from the largest municipality,
Oberdöbling
, in the incorporated district.
next to the area Simmering
-Landstraße
probably represents the oldest settlement area in the Vienna area. Known is that on the Leopoldsberg
hill, a weapon-bearing village with a fortified tower existed in which the inhabitants of surrounding villages gathered at risk. About the residents of that time, little is known; science refers to them as makers of "Donauländischen" (Danube-land) culture; they were not however Indo-Germanic. These penetrated into the Vienna area until one thousand years later, where the resident population mixed with the immigrant Illyrians
and Celtic people. The actions of the Romans
, at the current site of Döbling, is revealed by several findings. So found were: in Heiligenstadt a fortified tower of the Limes
(border wall); in Sievering
a Mithraeum
temple was found; and excavations in Heiligenstadt's church revealed a Roman cemetery. In Sievering in Roman times, a great quarry
existed, with a large worker settlement. A further means of subsistence of the population was the vineyard
, which presumably already operated before the Romans arrived. Otherwise, the people conducted agriculture for their own needs.
In Roman times, the garrison town Vindobona
was established to cover a part of today's 1st District, the Innere Stadt
. Within the boundaries of Döbling a tower of the Roman defence wall, the limes
, remnants of a temple and tombstones from a cemetery have been unearthed. A quarry located in today's Sievering
was operated in Roman times and would have been staffed by local quarry men.
in 1683 was fought on September 12, between Jan III Sobieski and the forces of the Ottoman Empire
, commanded by the Grand Vizier
Kara Mustafa Pasha.
At the 2010 elections the FPÖ
won 6.3% and reached 14.7% The Greens lost 0.3% and now have 13.6%.
The ÖVP lost dramatically 4.3% and now only has 36.4%, the SPÖ lost 2.5% and now only has 31.8%.
The BZÖ
could practically double itself through winning of 0.6% up to now 1,3%, whereas the KPÖ
reached 0.8% and is stagnating.
growers. This combination increased the prosperity of the suburb, as noblemen built villas and hunting lodges whilst the burghers of Vienna relaxed at the Heurigen wine-gardens. The existing villages expanded, as the population increased, until the district "Döbling" was established at the end of the 19th century, in 1892.
In the following years, Döbling developed as a district for the prosperous middle and upper class. In the period of the First Republic
between WWI and WWII the Social Democrats also planned and erected many blocks of public housing
. The Karl-Marx-Hof
is one of the largest of these settlements (Siedlungen).
The suburb of Döbling had a high percentage of Jewish residents and maintained a synagogue in the district. In the Reichskristallnacht this synagogue (like almost all others in Vienna) was destroyed.
Districts of Vienna
The districts of Vienna are 23 named city sections of Vienna, Austria, which are also numbered for easy reference. For centuries, district boundaries have changed...
in the city of Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
(German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
: 19. Bezirk, Döbling, Doebling). It is located on the north end from the central districts, north of the districts Alsergrund
Alsergrund
Alsergrund is the ninth district of Vienna, Austria . It is located just north of the first, central district, Innere Stadt. Alsergrund was incorporated in 1862, with seven suburbs. The area is densely populated, with a lot of government-built housing. According to the census of 2001, there were...
and Währing
Währing
Währing is the 18th district of Vienna, Austria. It is in the northwest part of the city. In addition to currently hosting a number of Vienna's foreign embassies, Währing was the site of the original burial places of composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.-Location:Währing lies in the...
. Döbling has some heavily populated urban areas with many residential buildings, and borders the Vienna Woods.
It hosts some of the most expensive residential areas such as Grinzing
Grinzing
Grinzing was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.- Geography :- Location :...
, Sievering
Sievering
Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
, Neustift am Walde
Neustift am Walde
Until 1892 Neustift am Walde was an independent municipality in the outskirts of Vienna, Austria and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna...
and Kaasgraben and is also the site of a large number of Heurigen restaurants. There are also some large Gemeindebau
Gemeindebau
Gemeindebau is a German word for "municipality building". It refers to residential buildings erected by a municipality, usually to provide low-cost public housing....
ten, including Vienna's most famous one, the Karl-Marx-Hof
Karl-Marx-Hof
Karl Marx-Hof is one of the best-known Gemeindebauten in Vienna, situated in Heiligenstadt, a neighbourhood of the 19th district of Vienna, Döbling.-Development:...
.
Also located in Döbling is the American International School of Vienna
American International School of Vienna
The American International School Vienna is a non-profit school international school made up structurally of the parents of each student at the school, and located in Vienna, Austria. The school operates, in part, under the sponsorship of the United States Ambassador to Austria and awards the...
.
Location
Döbling is located in the northwest of ViennaVienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
and spans the slope of the Wienerwald
Wienerwald
The Vienna Woods are forested highlands that form the northeastern foothills of the Northern Limestone Alps in the states of Lower Austria and Vienna. The long and wide hill range is heavily wooded and a popular recreation area with the Viennese....
(Vienna Forest) to the Danube
Danube
The Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
and the Danube Canal that make up the border of the district in the east. The Danube forms the border between Döbling and the district Floridsdorf
Floridsdorf
Floridsdorf is the 21st district of Vienna, Austria .Floridsdorf is located in the northern part of Vienna.The District Office and the centre of Floridsdorf are located round Am Spitz, at the junction of Prager Straße and Brünner Straße .Since 2004, Floridsdorf has had its own tower: the...
, and the canal forms the border to the district Brigittenau
Brigittenau
Brigittenau is the 20th District of Vienna . It is located north of the central districts, north of Leopoldstadt on the same island area between the Danube and the Danube Canal...
. At the Gürtel Bridge, over the Donau Canal, the district border splits off and separates Döbling in the south along the Vienna Belt
Gürtel, Vienna
The Gürtel is a substantial city ring road of Vienna. Running parallel to the famous Ringstraße it encompasses the inner city districts .The road is officially called B 221 Wiener Gürtel Straße...
from the district Alsergrund
Alsergrund
Alsergrund is the ninth district of Vienna, Austria . It is located just north of the first, central district, Innere Stadt. Alsergrund was incorporated in 1862, with seven suburbs. The area is densely populated, with a lot of government-built housing. According to the census of 2001, there were...
. At the Schrottenbachgasse the district border branches towards the northwest and separates Döbling from the district Währing
Währing
Währing is the 18th district of Vienna, Austria. It is in the northwest part of the city. In addition to currently hosting a number of Vienna's foreign embassies, Währing was the site of the original burial places of composers Ludwig van Beethoven and Franz Schubert.-Location:Währing lies in the...
along the line Währinger Park-Hasenauerstraße-Peter Jordan Straße-Starkfriedgasse -Sommerhaidenweg. There is then a short border to the district Hernals
Hernals
Hernals is the 17th district of Vienna, Austria .Hernals is in northwest Vienna.It was annexed in 1892 out of the townships of Hernals, Dornbach, and Neuwaldegg.- Geography :...
at the edge of Vienna.
Space allocation
Nearly 32.6% of the Döbling district area is landEarth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...
(compared to Vienna city-wide as 33.3%). To 85.2% involves Housing areas; the proportion of Betriebsbaugebiete, as 2.2% of the district area, is very low (Vienna 7.6%). With a greenspace share as 51.8% (48.3% for Vienna), Döbling is the 5th greenist district of Vienna. It accounts for 14.9% of district land as agricultural land, while the vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
here plays the biggest role around Grinzing
Grinzing
Grinzing was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.- Geography :- Location :...
, Nußdorf, Sievering
Sievering
Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
, Neustift am Walde
Neustift am Walde
Until 1892 Neustift am Walde was an independent municipality in the outskirts of Vienna, Austria and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna...
and Salmannsdorf
Salmannsdorf
Salmannsdorf is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.Salmannsdorf was an independent municipality until 1892, when it was incorporated into the Währing district of the city of Vienna. However, in 1938, Salmannsdorf was re-assigned together with Neustift am Walde to the district of...
. Further 25.4% of the district is forest
Forest
A forest, also referred to as a wood or the woods, is an area with a high density of trees. As with cities, depending where you are in the world, what is considered a forest may vary significantly in size and have various classification according to how and what of the forest is composed...
ed, plus 5.3% in meadows, 2.7% in small gardens, 2.5% in parks, and 0.9% as sports and recreational areas. The remainder district territory has 11.0% in traffic/transport and 4.6% on water. While the proportion of water is higher in relation to the whole city of Vienna, the proportion on traffic is below.
Hills
Across the large proportion of the Vienna Woods in Döbling, lie numerous hills of Vienna. Many lie on the border with Lower AustriaLower Austria
Lower Austria is the northeasternmost state of the nine states in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria since 1986 is Sankt Pölten, the most recently designated capital town in Austria. The capital of Lower Austria had formerly been Vienna, even though Vienna is not officially part of Lower Austria...
and the neighboring districts. The highest summit is Hermannskogel (542 m, 1778 ft); however, the symbols of Döblings are the Kahlenberg (484 m, 1588 ft) and the nearby Leopoldsberg
Leopoldsberg
The Leopoldsberg is perhaps Vienna’s most famous overlook, towering over the Danube and the city. Leopoldberg’s most prominent landmark is the church which stands at the top, and which is clearly visible from Vienna below...
(427 m, 1401 ft). Other hills in this region are: the Reisenberg, Latisberg, Vogelsangberg, Dreimarkstein and Nußberg. Besides, there are partially built-up elevations in Döbling, such as Hohe Warte in Heiligenstadt
Heiligenstadt
Heiligenstadt may refer to several places:*Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Thuringia, Germany*Heiligenstadt i.OFr. , Bamberg , Bavaria, Germany*Heiligenstadt, Vienna, Austria*Heiligenstadt, part of Neuhaus in Kärnten, Carinthia, Austria...
, the Hungerberg in Grinzing
Grinzing
Grinzing was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.- Geography :- Location :...
, and the Hackenberg in Sievering
Sievering
Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
.
Waterways
In the district zone, numerous streams originate,but now are mostly hard-installed or led as stream canals.
Originally they all flowed, with the exception of the Waldbach (forest stream), into the Danube canal. Because the catchment areas of the streams lie in the sandstone zone of the Viennese forest, the streams can and were able to grow on a multiple of its normal water quantity. This led again and again to destructive flood waters, especially along the Krottenbach. The Krottenbach was the most important stream in Döbling, and is led practically perfectly as a stream canal. It includes the area behind the federal secondary school Billrothstraße, underground, and through Sievering, joins into the Arbesbach (Erbsenbach) stream, which today in the upper run, still flows openly until Obersievering.
The Nesselbach passes yet to the Krapfenwaldl openly, before it unites underground with the Reisenbergbach stream in Grinzing
Grinzing
Grinzing was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.- Geography :- Location :...
. The Reisenbergbach stream passes openly at the same time yet until shortly before the center of Grinzing. Almost entirely in the open, the Schreiberbach stream passes up to Nußdorf
Nußdorf, Vienna
Nußdorf was a separate municipality until 1892 and is today a suburb of Vienna in the 19th district of Döbling.- Location :Nußdorf lies on both banks of the Nußbach , where the brook meets the Danube Canal...
and the Waldbach stream at Kahlenbergerdorf. Through diverting water, the Döblinger Bach stream has entirely disappeared. This sprang originally in the Cottage and flowed in the Spittelau into the Danube Canal.
District sectors
|
Nußdorf, Vienna Nußdorf was a separate municipality until 1892 and is today a suburb of Vienna in the 19th district of Döbling.- Location :Nußdorf lies on both banks of the Nußbach , where the brook meets the Danube Canal... Oberdöbling Oberdöbling was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. It is also one of the 89 Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :... Salmannsdorf Salmannsdorf is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna.Salmannsdorf was an independent municipality until 1892, when it was incorporated into the Währing district of the city of Vienna. However, in 1938, Salmannsdorf was re-assigned together with Neustift am Walde to the district of... Sievering Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :... Unterdöbling Unterdöbling was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. It is also one of the 89 Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :... . |
Etymology
Döbling was first mentioned in 1114 as "de Teopilic".The name derives from the Slavic * topl’ika
("swampy waters" or "swampy place").
The name "Döbling" relates to the lake of the Krottenbach stream,
while further possibility of interpretation derives from
Old Slavic
Slavic languages
The Slavic languages , a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages, have speakers in most of Eastern Europe, in much of the Balkans, in parts of Central Europe, and in the northern part of Asia.-Branches:Scholars traditionally divide Slavic...
Toplica ( "warm stream").
Later spellings of the place-name were for example Toblich,
Töbling and Tepling. In the formation of the district 1890/92,
the name was finally "Döbling", from the largest municipality,
Oberdöbling
Oberdöbling
Oberdöbling was an independent municipality until 1892 and is today a part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. It is also one of the 89 Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
, in the incorporated district.
Döbling in antiquity
The district Döbling had been settled over 5,000 years ago, while the area Döbling-Nußdorf-HeiligenstadtHeiligenstadt
Heiligenstadt may refer to several places:*Heilbad Heiligenstadt, Thuringia, Germany*Heiligenstadt i.OFr. , Bamberg , Bavaria, Germany*Heiligenstadt, Vienna, Austria*Heiligenstadt, part of Neuhaus in Kärnten, Carinthia, Austria...
next to the area Simmering
Simmering
Simmering is a food preparation technique in which foods are cooked in hot liquids kept at or just below the boiling point of water , but higher than poaching temperature...
-Landstraße
Landstraße
Landstraße is the 3rd municipal District of Vienna, Austria] . It is near the center of Vienna and was established in the 19th century. Landstraße is a heavily populated urban area with many workers and residential homes. It has inhabitants in an area of 7.42 km². It has existed since...
probably represents the oldest settlement area in the Vienna area. Known is that on the Leopoldsberg
Leopoldsberg
The Leopoldsberg is perhaps Vienna’s most famous overlook, towering over the Danube and the city. Leopoldberg’s most prominent landmark is the church which stands at the top, and which is clearly visible from Vienna below...
hill, a weapon-bearing village with a fortified tower existed in which the inhabitants of surrounding villages gathered at risk. About the residents of that time, little is known; science refers to them as makers of "Donauländischen" (Danube-land) culture; they were not however Indo-Germanic. These penetrated into the Vienna area until one thousand years later, where the resident population mixed with the immigrant Illyrians
Illyrians
The Illyrians were a group of tribes who inhabited part of the western Balkans in antiquity and the south-eastern coasts of the Italian peninsula...
and Celtic people. The actions of the Romans
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
, at the current site of Döbling, is revealed by several findings. So found were: in Heiligenstadt a fortified tower of the Limes
Limes
A limes was a border defense or delimiting system of Ancient Rome. It marked the boundaries of the Roman Empire.The Latin noun limes had a number of different meanings: a path or balk delimiting fields, a boundary line or marker, any road or path, any channel, such as a stream channel, or any...
(border wall); in Sievering
Sievering
Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
a Mithraeum
Mithraeum
A Mithraeum is a place of worship for the followers of the mystery religion of Mithraism.The Mithraeum was either an adapted natural cave or cavern or an artificial building imitating a cavern. Mithraea were dark and windowless, even if they were not actually in a subterranean space or in a natural...
temple was found; and excavations in Heiligenstadt's church revealed a Roman cemetery. In Sievering in Roman times, a great quarry
Quarry
A quarry is a type of open-pit mine from which rock or minerals are extracted. Quarries are generally used for extracting building materials, such as dimension stone, construction aggregate, riprap, sand, and gravel. They are often collocated with concrete and asphalt plants due to the requirement...
existed, with a large worker settlement. A further means of subsistence of the population was the vineyard
Vineyard
A vineyard is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice...
, which presumably already operated before the Romans arrived. Otherwise, the people conducted agriculture for their own needs.
In Roman times, the garrison town Vindobona
Vindobona
Vindobona was originally a Celtic settlement, and later a Roman military camp on the site of the modern city of Vienna in Austria. Around 15 BC, the kingdom of Noricum was included in the Roman Empire...
was established to cover a part of today's 1st District, the Innere Stadt
Innere Stadt
The Innere Stadt is the 1st municipal District of Vienna . The Innere Stadt is the old town of Vienna. Until the city boundaries were expanded in 1850, the Innere Stadt was congruent with the city of Vienna...
. Within the boundaries of Döbling a tower of the Roman defence wall, the limes
Limes
A limes was a border defense or delimiting system of Ancient Rome. It marked the boundaries of the Roman Empire.The Latin noun limes had a number of different meanings: a path or balk delimiting fields, a boundary line or marker, any road or path, any channel, such as a stream channel, or any...
, remnants of a temple and tombstones from a cemetery have been unearthed. A quarry located in today's Sievering
Sievering
Sievering is a suburb of Vienna and part of Döbling, the 19th district of Vienna. Sievering was created in 1892 out of the two erstwhile independent suburbs Untersievering and Obersievering. These still exist as Katastralgemeinden.- Geography :...
was operated in Roman times and would have been staffed by local quarry men.
Later events
Throughout the centuries the suburb, due to its strategic location (elevated in respect to the centre of Vienna) was occupied and often looted. The decisive encounter of the Battle of ViennaBattle of Vienna
The Battle of Vienna took place on 11 and 12 September 1683 after Vienna had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months...
in 1683 was fought on September 12, between Jan III Sobieski and the forces of the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
, commanded by the Grand Vizier
Grand Vizier
Grand Vizier, in Turkish Vezir-i Azam or Sadr-ı Azam , deriving from the Arabic word vizier , was the greatest minister of the Sultan, with absolute power of attorney and, in principle, dismissable only by the Sultan himself...
Kara Mustafa Pasha.
Politik
| District Directors from 1945 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Josef Friedl | 1891–1894 | Karl Mark (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
4/45–10/45 |
| Johann Österreicher | 1894–1895 | Karl Schwendner (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
10/45–1960 |
| Peter Langweber | 1895–1903 | Franz Opfermann (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1960–1965 |
| Wenzel Kuhn | 1903–1919 | Franz Weber (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1965–1975 |
| Josef Seleskowitsch | 1919–1934 | Richard Stockinger (SPÖ SPO - Technology :SPO: Microsoft SharePoint Online, Microsoft Cloud Computing, Office 365. See Microsoft Online Services-Economics:* Secondary Public Offering, an equity capital market instrument... ) |
1975–1978 |
| Franz Karasek | 1934–1938 | Adolf Tiller (ÖVP OVP OVP is a three-letter abbreviation that may refer to:*The Office of the Vice President of the United States*The Office of the Vice President of the Philippines*OVP , a light sub-machine gun developed in Italy... ) |
1978– |
| Adolf Judex | 1938–1939 | ||
At the 2010 elections the FPÖ
FPO
FPO may refer to:*Fleet Post Office, a "city" designation in military mail *Field post office, a term for military post offices in military mail systems *For position only, a designation for placeholder graphics...
won 6.3% and reached 14.7% The Greens lost 0.3% and now have 13.6%.
The ÖVP lost dramatically 4.3% and now only has 36.4%, the SPÖ lost 2.5% and now only has 31.8%.
The BZÖ
BZO
BZO can mean:* Bolzano Airport, with IATA code BZO* Alliance for the Future of Austria, abbreviated BZÖ...
could practically double itself through winning of 0.6% up to now 1,3%, whereas the KPÖ
KPO
Meanings of KPO:* Knowledge process outsourcing.* KPÖ , Communist Party of Austria.* Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands , Communist Party Opposition....
reached 0.8% and is stagnating.
Social Development
Due to the hilly terrain, large forested areas - used as hunting grounds by the nobility - remained between the creeks and villages, spread throughout the district. The topology also attracted wineWine
Wine is an alcoholic beverage, made of fermented fruit juice, usually from grapes. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, or other nutrients. Grape wine is produced by fermenting crushed grapes using various types of yeast. Yeast...
growers. This combination increased the prosperity of the suburb, as noblemen built villas and hunting lodges whilst the burghers of Vienna relaxed at the Heurigen wine-gardens. The existing villages expanded, as the population increased, until the district "Döbling" was established at the end of the 19th century, in 1892.
In the following years, Döbling developed as a district for the prosperous middle and upper class. In the period of the First Republic
First Republic
- Countries :* Polish First Republic, a historiographic term for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth * French First Republic *First Republic of Venezuela...
between WWI and WWII the Social Democrats also planned and erected many blocks of public housing
Public housing
Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is owned by a government authority, which may be central or local. Social housing is an umbrella term referring to rental housing which may be owned and managed by the state, by non-profit organizations, or by a combination of the...
. The Karl-Marx-Hof
Karl-Marx-Hof
Karl Marx-Hof is one of the best-known Gemeindebauten in Vienna, situated in Heiligenstadt, a neighbourhood of the 19th district of Vienna, Döbling.-Development:...
is one of the largest of these settlements (Siedlungen).
The suburb of Döbling had a high percentage of Jewish residents and maintained a synagogue in the district. In the Reichskristallnacht this synagogue (like almost all others in Vienna) was destroyed.
Notable residents
- Ludwig van BeethovenLudwig van BeethovenLudwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic eras in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time.Born in Bonn, then the capital of the Electorate of Cologne and part of...
(1770–1827), composer (Grinzinger Strasse 64; Pfarrplatz 2; Probusgasse 6 (the Heiligenstadt TestamentHeiligenstadt TestamentThe Heiligenstadt Testament is a letter written by Ludwig van Beethoven to his brothers Carl and Johann at Heiligenstadt on 6 October 1802....
was drafted here); Döblinger Hauptstrasse 92 (Beethoven composed substantial parts of the Eroica Symphony here) - Kurt GödelKurt GödelKurt Friedrich Gödel was an Austrian logician, mathematician and philosopher. Later in his life he emigrated to the United States to escape the effects of World War II. One of the most significant logicians of all time, Gödel made an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the...
(1906–1978), Austrian-American mathematician, logician and philosopher (Himmelstrasse 43) - Mohamed ElBaradei (born 1942), former Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Nobel Peace Prize laureate
- Franz GrillparzerFranz GrillparzerFranz Seraphicus Grillparzer was an Austrian writer who is chiefly known for his dramas. He also wrote the oration for Ludwig van Beethoven's funeral.-Biography:...
(1791–1872), poet (Grinzinger Strasse 64) - Bruno KreiskyBruno KreiskyBruno Kreisky was an Austrian politician who served as Foreign Minister from 1959 to 1966 and as Chancellor from 1970 to 1983. Aged 72 at the end of his chancellorship, he was the oldest acting Chancellor after World War II....
(1911, Margareten, Vienna - 1990), former Chancellor of AustriaAustriaAustria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
(Armbustergasse 15) - Joseph Lanner (1801, Neubau, Vienna - 1843), composer (Gymnasiumstrasse 87, building demolished in the late 19th century)
- Nikolaus LenauNikolaus LenauNikolaus Lenau was the nom de plume of Nikolaus Franz Niembsch Edler von Strehlenau , was a German language Austrian poet.-Biography:...
(1802–1850), author - Koloman MoserKoloman MoserKoloman Moser was an Austrian artist who exerted considerable influence on twentieth-century graphic art and one of the foremost artists of the Vienna Secession movement and a co-founder of Wiener Werkstätte....
(1868, Wieden, Vienna - 1918), founding member of the Vienna SecessionVienna SecessionThe Vienna Secession was formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian artists who had resigned from the Association of Austrian Artists, housed in the Vienna Künstlerhaus. This movement included painters, sculptors, and architects...
movement - Helmut QualtingerHelmut QualtingerHelmut Qualtinger was an Austrian actor, writer and cabaret performer.-Biography:Helmut Qualtinger was born in Vienna, Austria...
(1928, Alsergrund, Vienna - 1986), actor - Romy SchneiderRomy SchneiderRomy Schneider was an Austrian-born German film actress who also held French citizenship.-Early life:Schneider was born Rosemarie Magdalena Albach in Nazi-era Vienna, six months after the Anschluss, into a family of actors that included her paternal grandmother Rosa Albach-Retty, her Austrian...
(1938–1982), actress - Johann Strauss IJohann Strauss IJohann Strauss I , born in Vienna, was an Austrian Romantic composer famous for his waltzes, and for popularizing them alongside Joseph Lanner, thereby setting the foundations for his sons to carry on his musical dynasty...
(1804–1849), composer (Dreimarksteingasse 13) - Johann Strauss IIJohann Strauss IIJohann Strauss II , also known as Johann Baptist Strauss or Johann Strauss, Jr., the Younger, or the Son , was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas...
(1825–1899), composer (Dreimarksteingasse 13) - Hussein bin Talal, KingKing- Centers of population :* King, Ontario, CanadaIn USA:* King, Indiana* King, North Carolina* King, Lincoln County, Wisconsin* King, Waupaca County, Wisconsin* King County, Washington- Moving-image works :Television:...
of JordanJordanJordan , officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , Al-Mamlaka al-Urduniyya al-Hashemiyya) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing...
(1935–1999) - Ambros Rieder (1771–1855), composer, organist (born in Döbling) (de)
- Leon TrotskyLeon TrotskyLeon Trotsky , born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein, was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army....
(1879–1940), Marxist theorist and Bolshevik revolutionary (Rodlergasse 25) - Franz VranitzkyFranz VranitzkyFranz Vranitzky is an Austrian politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria , he was Chancellor of Austria from 1986 to 1997.-Early life and career:...
(born 1937), former Austrian Chancellor - Franz WerfelFranz WerfelFranz Werfel was an Austrian-Bohemian novelist, playwright, and poet.- Biography :Born in Prague , Werfel was the first of three children of a wealthy manufacturer of gloves and leather goods. His mother, Albine Kussi, was the daughter of a mill owner...
(writer) and his wife, Alma Mahler-WerfelAlma MahlerAlma Maria Mahler Gropius Werfel was a Viennese-born socialite well known in her youth for her beauty and vivacity. She became the wife, successively, of composer Gustav Mahler, architect Walter Gropius, and novelist Franz Werfel, as well as the consort of several other prominent men... - Simon Wiesental (1908–2005), Nazi hunterNazi hunterA Nazi-hunter is a private individual who tracks down and gathers information on alleged former Nazis, SS members and Nazi collaborators involved in the Holocaust, typically for use at trial on charges of war crimes and crimes against humanity...
- Hugo WolfHugo WolfHugo Wolf was an Austrian composer of Slovene origin, particularly noted for his art songs, or lieder. He brought to this form a concentrated expressive intensity which was unique in late Romantic music, somewhat related to that of the Second Viennese School in concision but utterly unrelated in...
(1860–1903), composer