Elisabeth of Tirol
Encyclopedia
Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol (c. 1262 – 28 October 1312) from the House of Meinhardin was Queen of the Romans, Queen of Germany and Duchess of Austria by marriage. She is also known as Elisabeth of Tirol.
, Count of Gorizia
and Tyrol
.
Her mother was Elisabeth of Bavaria
, daughter of Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
and his wife Agnes
, herself daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
and Agnes of Hohenstaufen. Her mother was also the widow of Conrad IV of Germany
. Therefore, the young Elisabeth was a half-sister of Conradin
, King of Jerusalem and Duke of Swabia.
on 20 December 1274 to the future Albert I of Germany
, one of the founders of the House of Habsburg
, thus becoming daughter-in-law of the King of the Romans
. Her husband, then a Count of Habsburg, was invested as Duke of Austria and Styria in December 1282 by his father King Rudolf. They solidified their rule in what was to become the Habsburg patrimony, also with the help of Elisabeth's father who in his turn in 1286 was created Duke of Carinthia.
Elisabeth was in fact better connected to powerful German rulers than her husband: a descendant of earlier kings, for example Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
, she was also a niece of dukes of Bavaria, Austria's important neighbours.
In 1298, her husband was finally elected king upon the end of the reign of Adolf of Nassau
. In 1299 she was Nuremberg was crowned Queen of Germany and the Romans. Her husband was murdered on 1 May 1308 by his nephew John "the Parricide" in Windisch
, located in modern-day Switzerland
.
After the murder of her husband, Elisabeth joined the monastery of Königsfelden
were she died 28 October 1312 and was later buried.
Elisabeth was a shrewd and enterprising woman who had some commercial talents. The construction of the Saline plant in Salzkammergut
goes back to her suggestion.
Their children were:
Family
She was the eldest daughter of Meinhard, Duke of CarinthiaMeinhard, Duke of Carinthia
Meinhard II from the House of Meinhardin was ruling Count of Gorizia from 1258 until 1271 and Count of Tyrol from 1258 until his death...
, Count of Gorizia
Gorizia
Gorizia is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia. It is located at the foot of the Julian Alps, bordering Slovenia. It is the capital of the Province of Gorizia, and it is a local center of tourism, industry, and commerce. Since 1947, a twin...
and Tyrol
County of Tyrol
The County of Tyrol, Princely County from 1504, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, from 1814 a province of the Austrian Empire and from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary...
.
Her mother was Elisabeth of Bavaria
Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany
Elisabeth of Bavaria was the queen consort of Conrad IV of Germany.-Family:She was the eldest daughter of Otto II, Duke of Bavaria and Agnes of the Palatinate...
, daughter of Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria
Otto II of Bavaria was the Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhine . He was a son of Louis I and Ludmilla of Bohemia and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.- Biography :...
and his wife Agnes
Agnes of the Palatinate
Agnes of the Palatinate was a daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine and his first wife Agnes, daughter of Conrad, Count Palatine of the Rhine . Agnes was Duchess of Bavaria by her marriage to Otto II Wittelsbach, Duke of Bavaria....
, herself daughter of Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Henry V, Count Palatine of the Rhine
Henry was count palatine of the Rhine from 6 August 1195 to 1213.Henry was the eldest son of Duke Henry the Lion, from his marriage to Matilda, eldest daughter of King Henry II of England and Eleanor of Aquitaine. He grew up in England and became count palatine of the Rhine through his 1193...
and Agnes of Hohenstaufen. Her mother was also the widow of Conrad IV of Germany
Conrad IV of Germany
Conrad IV was king of Jerusalem , of Germany , and of Sicily .-Biography:...
. Therefore, the young Elisabeth was a half-sister of Conradin
Conradin
Conrad , called the Younger or the Boy, but usually known by the diminutive Conradin , was the Duke of Swabia , King of Jerusalem , and King of Sicily .-Early childhood:Conradin was born in Wolfstein, Bavaria, to Conrad...
, King of Jerusalem and Duke of Swabia.
Marriage
She was married in ViennaVienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
on 20 December 1274 to the future Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Habsburg was King of the Romans and Duke of Austria, the eldest son of German King Rudolph I of Habsburg and his first wife Gertrude of Hohenburg.-Life:...
, one of the founders of the House of Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
, thus becoming daughter-in-law of the King of the Romans
King of the Romans
King of the Romans was the title used by the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire following his election to the office by the princes of the Kingdom of Germany...
. Her husband, then a Count of Habsburg, was invested as Duke of Austria and Styria in December 1282 by his father King Rudolf. They solidified their rule in what was to become the Habsburg patrimony, also with the help of Elisabeth's father who in his turn in 1286 was created Duke of Carinthia.
Elisabeth was in fact better connected to powerful German rulers than her husband: a descendant of earlier kings, for example Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV was King of the Romans from 1056 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 until his forced abdication in 1105. He was the third emperor of the Salian dynasty and one of the most powerful and important figures of the 11th century...
, she was also a niece of dukes of Bavaria, Austria's important neighbours.
In 1298, her husband was finally elected king upon the end of the reign of Adolf of Nassau
Adolf of Nassau-Weilburg
Adolf was the King of Germany from 1292 until 1298. Though his title in his lifetime was Rex Romanorum , he is usually known as Adolf of Nassau...
. In 1299 she was Nuremberg was crowned Queen of Germany and the Romans. Her husband was murdered on 1 May 1308 by his nephew John "the Parricide" in Windisch
Windisch
Windisch is a municipality in the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.-History:Windisch is situated at the site of the Roman legion camp Vindonissa. In 1064 the current municipality was mentioned as Vinse, and in 1175 as Vindisse. Until the 19th Century the official name was...
, located in modern-day Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
After the murder of her husband, Elisabeth joined the monastery of Königsfelden
Königsfelden Abbey
Königsfelden Abbey is a former Franciscan monastery and former Clarisse convent in the municipality of Windisch in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. It was founded in 1308 by the Habsburgs and during the Reformation in 1528 it was secularized. The complex was then the residence of the bailiffs...
were she died 28 October 1312 and was later buried.
Elisabeth was a shrewd and enterprising woman who had some commercial talents. The construction of the Saline plant in Salzkammergut
Salzkammergut
The Salzkammergut is a resort area located in Austria. It stretches from City of Salzburg to the Dachstein mountain range, spanning the federal states of Upper Austria , Salzburg , and Styria . The main river of the region is the Traun, a tributary of the Danube...
goes back to her suggestion.
Their children were:
- Rudolf III (ca. 1282–4 July 1307), married but line extinct. He predeceased his father.
- Frederick IFrederick I of Austria (Habsburg)Frederick the Handsome or the Fair , from the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1308 as Frederick I as well as King of Germany from 1314 as Frederick III until his death.-Biography:He was the second son of King Albert I of Germany with his wife Elisabeth of...
(1289–13 January 1330). Married but line extinct. - Leopold I (4 August 1290–28 February 1326, Strassburg).
- Albert II (12 December 1298, Vienna–20 July 1358, Vienna).
- Heinrich (1299–3 February 1327, Bruck an der MurBruck an der MurBruck an der Mur is a city of some 13,500 people located in the Austrian state of Styria. It is located at the confluence of the Mur and Mürz Rivers. Its manufactures include metal products and paper; Bruck is an important rail junction in the region located on the Graz to Vienna main...
). Married but line extinct. - Meinhard, 1300 died young.
- OttoOtto, Duke of AustriaOtto IV, the Merry was a Duke of Austria and the youngest son of Albert I of Germany and Elisabeth of Tirol.Otto was born in Vienna. He had two brothers, namely Frederick the Handsome and Albert II...
(23 July 1301, Vienna–26 February 1339, Vienna). Married but line extinct. - AnnaAnna of Austria (1275–1327)Anna of Austria was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Tirol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Anna was born in Vienna the eighth of twelve children...
1280?, Vienna–19 March 1327, Breslau), married:- in GrazGrazThe more recent population figures do not give the whole picture as only people with principal residence status are counted and people with secondary residence status are not. Most of the people with secondary residence status in Graz are students...
ca. 1295 to Margrave Hermann of Brandenburg; - in Breslau 1310 to Duke Heinrich VI of Breslau.
- in Graz
- AgnesAgnes of Austria (1281-1364)Agnes of Austria was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Tirol. She was Queen of Hungary by marriage. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Agnes was one of twelve children...
(18 May 1281–10 June 1364, Königsfelden), married in Vienna 13 February 1296 King Andrew III of Hungary. - ElisabethElisabeth of Austria (d.1353)Elisabeth of Austria , also known as Isabelle, was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Elisabeth was the tenth of twelve children...
(d. 19 May 1353), married 1304 Frederick IV, Duke of LorraineFrederick IV, Duke of LorraineFrederick IV , called the Fighter, was the Duke of Lorraine from 1312 to his death.-Biography:Frederick was born in Gondreville, the son and successor of Theobald II and Isabella of Rumigny....
. - CatherineCatherine of Austria (1295–1323)Catherine of Austria was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Tirol. She was a member of the powerful House of Habsburg. She was Duchess of Calabria by her marriage.- Family :...
(1295–18 January 1323, NaplesNaplesNaples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
), married 1316 Charles, Duke of CalabriaCharles, Duke of CalabriaCharles, Duke of Calabria was the son of King Robert of Naples and Yolanda of Aragon.-Biography:Born in Naples, he became Duke of Calabria in 1309 on his father's accession, and was created Vicar-General of the Kingdom of Sicily...
. - Jutta (d. 1329), married in BadenBadenBaden is a historical state on the east bank of the Rhine in the southwest of Germany, now the western part of the Baden-Württemberg of Germany....
26 March 1319 Count Ludwig VI of Öttingen.