Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine
Encyclopedia
Frederick IV (15 April 1282 – 23 August 1329), called the Fighter, was the Duke of Lorraine from 1312 to his death.
, the son and successor of Theobald II
and Isabella of Rumigny.
On 18 October 1314, at the Diet of Frankfurt
, the prince-elector
s of the Holy Roman Empire
failed to elect as successor to Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
, neither the Habsburg
claimant, Frederick the Handsome
, the duke of Austria, or the Wittelsbach
, Louis IV of Bavaria. By marriage to Elisabeth, daughter of Albert I of Germany
, Frederick was the brother-in-law of Frederick the Handsome, called Frederick III of Germany by his supporters, of whom Frederick of Lorraine was one. On 28 September 1322, at the Battle of Mühldorf
, both Fredericks were captured. This was an opportunity for Charles IV of France
to strengthen the Lorrainer ties to France and he quickly procured the duke's release on the promise that Lorraine would not interfere in imperial affairs.
In 1324, he participated in an expedition in Aquitaine
against Edward II of England
's estates, for Charles IV had built a fortress illegally on Edward's territory and had sent his uncle, Count Charles III of Valois
, against the English possessions after Hugh le Despenser
and the Younger Despenser
imprisoned Isabella of France
, Charles IV's daughter and Edward's queen. He took part in the War of Metz
in 1325 and 1326. He joined Philip VI of France
, Charles of Valois's son, on his succession in 1328 and died in the Battle of Cassel.
(1285–1352), daughter of Albert I of Austria the Emperor. They had the following children:
Biography
Frederick was born in GondrevilleGondreville
Gondreville may refer to the following places in France:* Gondreville, Loiret, a commune in the Loiret department* Gondreville, Meurthe-et-Moselle, a commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department* Gondreville, Oise, a commune in the Oise department...
, the son and successor of Theobald II
Theobald II, Duke of Lorraine
Theobald II was the duke of Lorraine from 1303 to his death. He was the son and successor of Frederick III and Margaret, daughter of King Theobald I of Navarre....
and Isabella of Rumigny.
On 18 October 1314, at the Diet of Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main , commonly known simply as Frankfurt, is the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2010 population of 688,249. The urban area had an estimated population of 2,300,000 in 2010...
, the prince-elector
Prince-elector
The Prince-electors of the Holy Roman Empire were the members of the electoral college of the Holy Roman Empire, having the function of electing the Roman king or, from the middle of the 16th century onwards, directly the Holy Roman Emperor.The heir-apparent to a prince-elector was known as an...
s of the Holy Roman Empire
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes...
failed to elect as successor to Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VII was the King of Germany from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312. He was the first emperor of the House of Luxembourg...
, neither the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
claimant, Frederick the Handsome
Frederick I of Austria (Habsburg)
Frederick the Handsome or the Fair , from the House of Habsburg, was Duke of Austria and Styria from 1308 as Frederick I as well as King of Germany from 1314 as Frederick III until his death.-Biography:He was the second son of King Albert I of Germany with his wife Elisabeth of...
, the duke of Austria, or the Wittelsbach
Wittelsbach
The Wittelsbach family is a European royal family and a German dynasty from Bavaria.Members of the family served as Dukes, Electors and Kings of Bavaria , Counts Palatine of the Rhine , Margraves of Brandenburg , Counts of Holland, Hainaut and Zeeland , Elector-Archbishops of Cologne , Dukes of...
, Louis IV of Bavaria. By marriage to Elisabeth, daughter of Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Germany
Albert I of Habsburg was King of the Romans and Duke of Austria, the eldest son of German King Rudolph I of Habsburg and his first wife Gertrude of Hohenburg.-Life:...
, Frederick was the brother-in-law of Frederick the Handsome, called Frederick III of Germany by his supporters, of whom Frederick of Lorraine was one. On 28 September 1322, at the Battle of Mühldorf
Battle of Mühldorf
The Battle of Mühldorf was fought near Mühldorf am Inn on September 28, 1322 between the Duchy of Bavaria and Austria...
, both Fredericks were captured. This was an opportunity for Charles IV of France
Charles IV of France
Charles IV, known as the Fair , was the King of France and of Navarre and Count of Champagne from 1322 to his death: he was the last French king of the senior Capetian lineage....
to strengthen the Lorrainer ties to France and he quickly procured the duke's release on the promise that Lorraine would not interfere in imperial affairs.
In 1324, he participated in an expedition in Aquitaine
Aquitaine
Aquitaine , archaic Guyenne/Guienne , is one of the 27 regions of France, in the south-western part of metropolitan France, along the Atlantic Ocean and the Pyrenees mountain range on the border with Spain. It comprises the 5 departments of Dordogne, :Lot et Garonne, :Pyrénées-Atlantiques, Landes...
against Edward II of England
Edward II of England
Edward II , called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed by his wife Isabella in January 1327. He was the sixth Plantagenet king, in a line that began with the reign of Henry II...
's estates, for Charles IV had built a fortress illegally on Edward's territory and had sent his uncle, Count Charles III of Valois
Charles of Valois
Charles of Valois was the fourth son of Philip III of France and Isabella of Aragon. His mother was a daughter of James I of Aragon and Yolande of Hungary. He was a member of the House of Capet and founded the House of Valois...
, against the English possessions after Hugh le Despenser
Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester
Hugh le Despenser , sometimes referred to as "the Elder Despenser", was for a time the chief adviser to King Edward II of England....
and the Younger Despenser
Hugh the younger Despenser
Hugh Despenser, 1st Lord Despenser , also referred to as "the younger Despenser", was the son and heir of Hugh le Despenser, Earl of Winchester , and Isabella daughter of William, 9th Earl of Warwick.-Titles and possessions:Hugh Despenser the younger was knight of Hanley Castle, Worcestershire,...
imprisoned Isabella of France
Isabella of France
Isabella of France , sometimes described as the She-wolf of France, was Queen consort of England as the wife of Edward II of England. She was the youngest surviving child and only surviving daughter of Philip IV of France and Joan I of Navarre...
, Charles IV's daughter and Edward's queen. He took part in the War of Metz
War of Metz
The War of Metz or Four Lords' War was a feudal conflict which devastated the region around Metz between 1324 and 1326. At the Siege of Metz, in 1324, cannons were first recorded in Western Europe....
in 1325 and 1326. He joined Philip VI of France
Philip VI of France
Philip VI , known as the Fortunate and of Valois, was the King of France from 1328 to his death. He was also Count of Anjou, Maine, and Valois from 1325 to 1328...
, Charles of Valois's son, on his succession in 1328 and died in the Battle of Cassel.
Personal life
In 1304, Frederick IV married Elisabeth of AustriaElisabeth of Austria (d.1353)
Elisabeth of Austria , also known as Isabelle, was a daughter of Albert I of Germany and his wife Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol. She was a member of the House of Habsburg.- Family :Elisabeth was the tenth of twelve children...
(1285–1352), daughter of Albert I of Austria the Emperor. They had the following children:
- RudolphRudolph, Duke of LorraineRudolph , called the Valiant , was the Duke of Lorraine from 1329 to his death. He was the son and successor of Frederick IV and Elisabeth, daughter of Albert I of Germany, a Habsburg, whence his name...
(1320–1346), his successor in Lorraine - Margaret, married Jean de Chalon, lord of AuberiveAuberiveAuberive is a commune in the Haute-Marne department in Champagne-Ardenne region in north-eastern France.-Geography:The Aujon flows westward through the north-eastern part of the commune....
(died 1350), then Conrad, count of Friburg, and lastly Ulrich (died 1377), lord of Rappoltstein - Four children who died during childhood
See also
- Dukes of Lorraine family treeDukes of Lorraine family treeThis is a family tree of the House of Lorraine. It ranges from the foundation of the Longwy dynasty, in 1047, to the abdication of Francis III of Lorraine in 1737.See also: Lorraine...