Endemism in birds
Encyclopedia
An endemic bird area is a region of the world that contains two or more restricted-range species, while a "secondary area" contains one or more restricted-range species. Both terms were devised by Birdlife International.
As applied to birds, the term "endemic" refers to any species found only in a specific geographical area. There is no upper limit for the area; it would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as endemic to Earth. But in practice, the largest areas for which the term is in common use are countries (e.g. New Zealand endemics
) or zoogeographical regions and subregions (West Indies endemics
).
Birdlife International
has defined the term "restricted-range endemic" as any species whose historical range is less than 50,000 km². Using this guideline, 218 EBAs were identified when Birdlife International established their Biodiversity project in 1987.
Palaearctic
Afrotropic
Indomalaya
Australasia
Oceania
Nearctic
Neotropic
As applied to birds, the term "endemic" refers to any species found only in a specific geographical area. There is no upper limit for the area; it would not be incorrect to refer to all bird species as endemic to Earth. But in practice, the largest areas for which the term is in common use are countries (e.g. New Zealand endemics
Endemic birds of New Zealand
New Zealand has a high percentage of endemic birds. Eighty seven percent of all taxa are endemic.- Endemic Bird Areas :Birdlife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas in New Zealand:* Auckland Islands* Chatham Islands...
) or zoogeographical regions and subregions (West Indies endemics
Endemic birds of the West Indies
This article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Patterns of endemism:...
).
Birdlife International
BirdLife International
BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...
has defined the term "restricted-range endemic" as any species whose historical range is less than 50,000 km². Using this guideline, 218 EBAs were identified when Birdlife International established their Biodiversity project in 1987.
Endemic bird areas
- List of endemic bird areas of the world
- List of secondary endemic bird areas of the world
Palaearctic
- Endemic birds of the Western PalearcticEndemic birds of the Western PalearcticThe following is a list of the restricted-range endemic bird species found in the Western Palearctic region:* Algerian Nuthatch* Anatolian Nuthatch * Berthelot's Pipit* Blue Chaffinch* Bolle's Pigeon* Canary* Cape Verde Swamp Warbler...
- Endemic birds of Central Asia
- Endemic birds of JapanEndemic birds of JapanThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Endemic Bird Areas:...
Afrotropic
Afrotropic
The Afrotropic is one of the Earth's eight ecozones. It includes Africa south of the Sahara Desert, the southern and eastern fringes of the Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, southern Iran and extreme southwestern Pakistan, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly...
- Endemic birds of eastern Africa
- Endemic birds of western Africa
- Endemic birds of southern AfricaEndemic birds of southern AfricaThe following is a list of bird species endemic or near-endemic to southern Africa .* Grey-winged Francolin, Scleroptila africanus...
- Endemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islandsEndemic birds of Madagascar and western Indian Ocean islandsThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.- Patterns of endemism :...
Indomalaya
Indomalaya
The Indomalaya ecozone is one of the eight ecozones that cover the planet's land surface. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia....
- Endemic birds of the Indian Subcontinent
- Endemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar IslandsEndemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar IslandsThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Endemic Bird Areas:...
- Endemic birds of Southeast Asia
- Endemic birds of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java & Bali
- Endemic birds of BorneoEndemic birds of BorneoThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Patterns of endemism:...
- Endemic birds of Sulawesi and associated islands
- Endemic birds of The PhilippinesEndemic birds of the PhilippinesThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Patterns of endemism:...
- Endemic birds of TaiwanEndemic birds of TaiwanThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Endemic Bird Areas:...
Australasia
Australasia
Australasia is a region of Oceania comprising Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term was coined by Charles de Brosses in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes...
- Endemic birds of AustraliaEndemic birds of AustraliaThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.- Patterns of endemism :Family-level endemism is prominent in Australia...
Oceania
Oceania
Oceania is a region centered on the islands of the tropical Pacific Ocean. Conceptions of what constitutes Oceania range from the coral atolls and volcanic islands of the South Pacific to the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas, including Australasia and the Malay Archipelago...
- Endemic birds of New Guinea and neighbouring islands
- Endemic birds of New ZealandEndemic birds of New ZealandNew Zealand has a high percentage of endemic birds. Eighty seven percent of all taxa are endemic.- Endemic Bird Areas :Birdlife International has defined the following Endemic Bird Areas in New Zealand:* Auckland Islands* Chatham Islands...
- Endemic birds of New CaledoniaEndemic birds of New CaledoniaThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Patterns of endemism:New Caledonia has a single endemic family, the Kagu....
- Endemic birds of HawaiiEndemic birds of HawaiiThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds....
Nearctic
Nearctic
The Nearctic is one of the eight terrestrial ecozones dividing the Earth's land surface.The Nearctic ecozone covers most of North America, including Greenland and the highlands of Mexico...
- Endemic birds of eastern North AmericaEndemic birds of eastern North AmericaThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.This article covers eastern North America, i.e...
- Endemic birds of western North AmericaEndemic birds of western North AmericaThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.This article covers western North America, i.e...
- Endemic birds of the West IndiesEndemic birds of the West IndiesThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Patterns of endemism:...
- Endemic birds of Mexico and northern Central AmericaEndemic birds of Mexico and northern Central AmericaThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.-Genus-level endemism:...
- Endemic birds of southern Central America
Neotropic
Neotropic
In biogeography, the Neotropic or Neotropical zone is one of the eight terrestrial ecozones. This ecozone includes South and Central America, the Mexican lowlands, the Caribbean islands, and southern Florida, because these regions share a large number of plant and animal groups.It is sometimes used...
- Endemic birds of the Galápagos IslandsEndemic birds of the Galápagos IslandsThis article is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the World's various zoogeographic zones. For an overview of this subject see Endemism in birds.- Patterns of endemism :...
- Endemic birds of northern South America
- Endemic birds of southern Atlantic islands