Esslingen am Neckar
Encyclopedia
Esslingen am Neckar is a city in the Stuttgart Region
of Baden-Württemberg
in southern Germany, capital of the District of Esslingen
as well as the largest city in the district.
It is located on the Neckar
River, about 14 km southeast of Stuttgart
city centre. The surrounding regions are also mostly developed around the city of Esslingen.
.
(near Paris), the chaplain of Pippin
and Charlemagne
. He bequeathed the church sixth cell upon the river Neckar to his monastery Saint-Denis. He also brought the bones of Saint Vitalis
to Esslingen, which made it a target for pilgrimage and led to its growth.
Around 800 Esslingen became a market town
, its market rights being certified in 866. In 949–953 it was a possession of Liudolf, Duke of Swabia
. Esslingen received city rights
in 1229 under Emperor Frederick II
. During the same period the still extant Neckar bridge was constructed, which made Esslingen a major centre for trade on the route between Italy, Switzerland, and Northern Germany. Taxes provided by the bridge and market led to further growth of the town as did the export of the highly regarded wines from the region.
The time between the 13th century and 16th century saw many conflicts between the Free Imperial City and the Counts of Württemberg
(later Duchy of Württemberg). About half the population lost their lives in the Thirty Years War between 1618 and 1648 through famine or epidemics. Esslingen lost its independence
as an Imperial city in 1803, becoming part
of the Duchy of Württemberg.
.
Esslingen was occupied by U.S. soldiers in April 1945, toward the end of World War II. During the war the city suffered very little damage thus most of the medivial appearance of its city centre has been preserved.
After the Second World War, about 47,000 people (mostly refugees and displaced persons from the Eastern Germany) moved to Esslingen. There were settlements in Oberesslingen and Zollberg, in order to overcome the shortage of housing.
In 1973 Nürtingen
district was merged with Esslingen am Neckar making Esslingen the seat of a much enlarged district
.
is known for its mechanical engineering
and automotive engineering courses. The graduate school of Hochschule Esslingen offers three Masters courses, taught completely in English.
1. ME in Automotive Systems
2. ME in Design and Development in Automotive and Mechanical Engineering
3. MBA in International Industrial Management
, Hungary Maladzyechna
, Belarus Neath Port Talbot
, United Kingdom Norrköping
, Sweden Piotrków Trybunalski
, Poland Schiedam
, Netherlands Sheboygan, Wisconsin
, USA Udine
, Italy Velenje
, Slovenia Vienne
, France Coimbatore
, India
Stuttgart Region
Stuttgart Region is a metropolitan area in Germany and consists of the city of Stuttgart and the surrounding districts of Ludwigsburg, Esslingen, Böblingen, Rems-Murr and Göppingen . About 2.7 million inhabitants live in that area...
of Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg
Baden-Württemberg is one of the 16 states of Germany. Baden-Württemberg is in the southwestern part of the country to the east of the Upper Rhine, and is the third largest in both area and population of Germany's sixteen states, with an area of and 10.7 million inhabitants...
in southern Germany, capital of the District of Esslingen
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
as well as the largest city in the district.
It is located on the Neckar
Neckar
The Neckar is a long river, mainly flowing through the southwestern state of Baden-Württemberg, but also a short section through Hesse, in Germany. The Neckar is a major right tributary of the River Rhine...
River, about 14 km southeast of Stuttgart
Stuttgart
Stuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
city centre. The surrounding regions are also mostly developed around the city of Esslingen.
Prehistoric times
Through archealogical findings there is evidence of permanent settlement in what is now the city of Esslingen since the Neolithic Stone Age. Traces of human settlement found at the site of the city church date back to 1000 B.C.Roman times
In the 1st century AD the Esslingen region became a part of the Roman Empire. During this period there existed a Roman warehouse in the area of Oberesslingen. The next major Roman settlements and garrisons were Cannstatt and KöngenKöngen
Köngen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in Germany.-References:...
.
Middle Ages
Esslingen was first mentioned in 777 as Ezelinga in the last will of Abbot Fulrad from Saint-DenisSaint Denis Basilica
The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Denis is a large medieval abbey church in the commune of Saint-Denis, now a northern suburb of Paris. The abbey church was created a cathedral in 1966 and is the seat of the Bishop of Saint-Denis, Pascal Michel Ghislain Delannoy...
(near Paris), the chaplain of Pippin
Pippin the Younger
Pepin , called the Short or the Younger , rarely the Great , was the first King of the Franks of the Carolingian dynasty...
and Charlemagne
Charlemagne
Charlemagne was King of the Franks from 768 and Emperor of the Romans from 800 to his death in 814. He expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and Central Europe. During his reign, he conquered Italy and was crowned by Pope Leo III on 25 December 800...
. He bequeathed the church sixth cell upon the river Neckar to his monastery Saint-Denis. He also brought the bones of Saint Vitalis
Saint Vitalis
Saint Vitalis may refer to:The following Italian saints:* Saint Vitalis of Milan, early Christian martyr* Saint Vitalis, martyred in 250 under the persecution of Decius, whose feast date is January 9...
to Esslingen, which made it a target for pilgrimage and led to its growth.
Around 800 Esslingen became a market town
Market town
Market town or market right is a legal term, originating in the medieval period, for a European settlement that has the right to host markets, distinguishing it from a village and city...
, its market rights being certified in 866. In 949–953 it was a possession of Liudolf, Duke of Swabia
Liudolf, Duke of Swabia
Liudolf was the duke of Swabia from 950 until 954. He was the only son of Otto I, king of Germany, from his wife Eadgyth, daughter of Edward the Elder, king of England....
. Esslingen received city rights
German town law
German town law or German municipal concerns concerns town privileges used by many cities, towns, and villages throughout Central and Eastern Europe during the Middle Ages.- Town law in Germany :...
in 1229 under Emperor Frederick II
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II , was one of the most powerful Holy Roman Emperors of the Middle Ages and head of the House of Hohenstaufen. His political and cultural ambitions, based in Sicily and stretching through Italy to Germany, and even to Jerusalem, were enormous...
. During the same period the still extant Neckar bridge was constructed, which made Esslingen a major centre for trade on the route between Italy, Switzerland, and Northern Germany. Taxes provided by the bridge and market led to further growth of the town as did the export of the highly regarded wines from the region.
The time between the 13th century and 16th century saw many conflicts between the Free Imperial City and the Counts of Württemberg
Württemberg
Württemberg , formerly known as Wirtemberg or Wurtemberg, is an area and a former state in southwestern Germany, including parts of the regions Swabia and Franconia....
(later Duchy of Württemberg). About half the population lost their lives in the Thirty Years War between 1618 and 1648 through famine or epidemics. Esslingen lost its independence
Reichsfreiheit
Imperial immediacy was a privileged feudal and political status, which the estates of the realm such as an imperial city, a religious entity, a feudal principality, or a minor lordship could attain within the Holy Roman Empire...
as an Imperial city in 1803, becoming part
German Mediatisation
The German Mediatisation was the series of mediatisations and secularisations that occurred in Germany between 1795 and 1814, during the latter part of the era of the French Revolution and then the Napoleonic Era....
of the Duchy of Württemberg.
19th century to date
The beginning of 19th century was characterised by industrialisation. Glove manufacturing, food processing, textiles, and metal working were early industries in Esslingen. On 20 November 1845 the first train ran from Cannstatt to Esslingen stationEsslingen (Neckar) station
Esslingen station is the most important station in the town of Esslingen am Neckar in the German state of Baden-Württemberg and is located 13.2 kilometres from Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof on the Fils Valley Railway.-History:...
.
Esslingen was occupied by U.S. soldiers in April 1945, toward the end of World War II. During the war the city suffered very little damage thus most of the medivial appearance of its city centre has been preserved.
After the Second World War, about 47,000 people (mostly refugees and displaced persons from the Eastern Germany) moved to Esslingen. There were settlements in Oberesslingen and Zollberg, in order to overcome the shortage of housing.
In 1973 Nürtingen
Nürtingen
Nürtingen is a town in the district of Esslingen in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. It is located on the river Neckar.-History:The following events occurred, by year:*1046 : First mention of Niuritingin in the document of Speyer...
district was merged with Esslingen am Neckar making Esslingen the seat of a much enlarged district
Esslingen (district)
Esslingen is a district in the centre of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Neighboring districts are Rems-Murr, Göppingen, Reutlingen, Böblingen and the district-free city Stuttgart.-History:...
.
Hochschule Esslingen
Esslingen is home to a University of Applied Science. The Esslingen University of Applied SciencesEsslingen University of Applied Sciences
The Esslingen University of Applied Sciences or Hochschule Esslingen is a University of applied sciences in Esslingen am Neckar, Germany....
is known for its mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of engineering that involves the production and usage of heat and mechanical power for the...
and automotive engineering courses. The graduate school of Hochschule Esslingen offers three Masters courses, taught completely in English.
1. ME in Automotive Systems
2. ME in Design and Development in Automotive and Mechanical Engineering
3. MBA in International Industrial Management
Twin cities
EgerEger
Eger is the second largest city in Northern Hungary, the county seat of Heves, east of the Mátra Mountains. Eger is best known for its castle, thermal baths, historic buildings , and red and white wines.- Name :...
, Hungary Maladzyechna
Maladzyechna
Maladzyechna , is a city in the Minsk Voblast of Belarus, an administrative centre of the Maladzyechna district . It has 98,514 inhabitants and is located 72 km northwest of Minsk. Located on the Usha River, it has been a settlement since 1388 when it was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania...
, Belarus Neath Port Talbot
Neath Port Talbot
Neath Port Talbot is a county borough and one of the unitary authority areas of Wales. Neath Port Talbot is the 8th most populous county in Wales and the third most populous county borough....
, United Kingdom Norrköping
Norrköping
Norrköping is a city in the province of Östergötland in eastern Sweden and the seat of Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland County. The city has a population of 87,247 inhabitants in 2010, out of a municipal total of 130,050, making it Sweden's tenth largest city and eighth largest...
, Sweden Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski
Piotrków Trybunalski is a city in central Poland with 80,738 inhabitants . It is situated in the Łódź Voivodeship , and previously was the capital of Piotrków Voivodeship...
, Poland Schiedam
Schiedam
Schiedam is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. It is part of the Rotterdam metropolitan area. The city is located west of Rotterdam, east of Vlaardingen and south of Delft...
, Netherlands Sheboygan, Wisconsin
Sheboygan, Wisconsin
-Airport:Sheboygan is served by the Sheboygan County Memorial Airport, which is located several miles from the city.-Roads:Interstate 43 is the primary north-south transportation route into Sheboygan, and forms the west boundary of the city. U.S...
, USA Udine
Udine
Udine is a city and comune in northeastern Italy, in the middle of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic sea and the Alps , less than 40 km from the Slovenian border. Its population was 99,439 in 2009, and that of its urban area was 175,000.- History :Udine is the historical...
, Italy Velenje
Velenje
Velenje is a town and municipality in northern Slovenia. The municipality has 33.331 inhabitants. Staro Velenje is first mentioned in written doucments dating to 1264 and 1374 as small market town and was a center of handicraft and trade...
, Slovenia Vienne
Vienne, Isère
Vienne is a commune in south-eastern France, located south of Lyon, on the Rhône River. It is the second largest city after Grenoble in the Isère department, of which it is a subprefecture. The city's population was of 29,400 as of the 2001 census....
, France Coimbatore
Coimbatore
Coimbatore , also known as Kovai , is the second largest city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is a major commercial centre in Tamil Nadu and is known as the "Manchester of South India"....
, India