Ferdinand Blumentritt
Encyclopedia
Ferdinand Blumentritt was a teacher, secondary school
principal in Litoměřice
, lecturer, and author of articles and books on the Philippines
and its ethnography. He is well-known in the Philippines for his close friendship with the country's national hero, Jose Rizal
, and the numerous correspondence between the two provide a vital reference for Rizal historians and scholars.
(in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire
). He is a nephew of the Hungarian German writer Ferenc Virághalmi. He wrote expansively about the Philippines, although he never visited the islands.
Blumentritt became one of Rizal's closest confidant although they met only once. He translated the latter's first book, Noli me Tangere
, into German and wrote the preface to Rizal's second book, El filibusterismo
, although he was against its publication. These two novels are commentaries disguised as fiction which angered both the Catholic Church and the Spanish colonial government, and which eventually led to Rizal's 1896 trial and execution.
Blumentritt died in Litoměřice
, Czech Republic
. He is memorialized in the Philippines by numerous public parks and streets. Among them are Avenida Blumentritt, Blumentritt LRT Station
, Blumentritt railway station
, the Blumentritt Market in Metro Manila
and the Blumentritt Street in Naga City
and Tuguegarao.
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
principal in Litoměřice
Litomerice
Litoměřice is a town at the junction of the rivers Elbe and Ohře in the north part of the Czech Republic, approximately 64 km northwest of Prague....
, lecturer, and author of articles and books on the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
and its ethnography. He is well-known in the Philippines for his close friendship with the country's national hero, Jose Rizal
José Rizal
José Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda , was a Filipino polymath, patriot and the most prominent advocate for reform in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era. He is regarded as the foremost Filipino patriot and is listed as one of the national heroes of the Philippines by...
, and the numerous correspondence between the two provide a vital reference for Rizal historians and scholars.
Biography
Blumentritt was born in PraguePrague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
(in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary , more formally known as the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Holy Hungarian Crown of Saint Stephen, was a constitutional monarchic union between the crowns of the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Hungary in...
). He is a nephew of the Hungarian German writer Ferenc Virághalmi. He wrote expansively about the Philippines, although he never visited the islands.
Blumentritt became one of Rizal's closest confidant although they met only once. He translated the latter's first book, Noli me Tangere
Noli me tangere
Noli me tangere, meaning "don't touch me" / "touch me not", is the Latin version of words spoken, according to , by Jesus to Mary Magdalene when she recognizes him after his resurrection....
, into German and wrote the preface to Rizal's second book, El filibusterismo
El filibusterismo
El filibusterismo , also known by its English alternate title The Reign of Greed, is the second novel written by Philippine national hero José Rizal. It is the sequel to Noli Me Tangere and like the first book, was written in Spanish. It was first published in 1891 in Ghent, Belgium...
, although he was against its publication. These two novels are commentaries disguised as fiction which angered both the Catholic Church and the Spanish colonial government, and which eventually led to Rizal's 1896 trial and execution.
Blumentritt died in Litoměřice
Litomerice
Litoměřice is a town at the junction of the rivers Elbe and Ohře in the north part of the Czech Republic, approximately 64 km northwest of Prague....
, Czech Republic
Czech Republic
The Czech Republic is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country is bordered by Poland to the northeast, Slovakia to the east, Austria to the south, and Germany to the west and northwest....
. He is memorialized in the Philippines by numerous public parks and streets. Among them are Avenida Blumentritt, Blumentritt LRT Station
Blumentritt LRT Station
Blumentritt LRT Station is a station on the Manila LRT Yellow Line . Like all other LRT-1 stations, Blumentritt station is above-ground. The station serves Sampaloc in Manila. The station itself is located near Blumentritt Street, which the station was named after...
, Blumentritt railway station
Blumentritt railway station
Blumentritt station is a station on the South Main Line of the Philippine National Railways. Like all PNR stations, it is at grade...
, the Blumentritt Market in Metro Manila
Metro Manila
Metropolitan Manila , the National Capital Region , or simply Metro Manila, is the metropolitan region encompassing the City of Manila and its surrounding areas in the Philippines...
and the Blumentritt Street in Naga City
Naga City
The City of Naga is a first class independent component city in the Philippines...
and Tuguegarao.
Main works
- Alphabetisches Register der Reifeprüfungsvorschriften. Leitmeritz , 1909
- Alphabetisches Verzeichnis der gebräuchlichsten Aquarellfarben. Leitmeritz , 1910
- America and the Philippines (1900)
- Die Chinesen auf den Philippinen. Leitmeritz , 1879
- Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. Madrid, 1895
- Einige Manuskripte aus dem 17. und 18. Jahrhundert. Leitmeritz , 1904
- Einiges über Juan Valera. Leitmeritz , 1894
- Introduction to the Noli me tangere of Rizal. Barcelona, 1889
- Introduction to the Sucesos de las islas Filipinas of Antonio de Morga, annotated by Rizal. Paris, 1890
- Die Erdbeben des Juli 1880 auf den Philippinen
- Die Goldfundstellen auf den Philippinen und ihre Ausbeutung
- Holländische Angriffe auf die Philippinen im 16., 17., und 18. Jahrhundert. Leitmeritz , 1880
- Das Kaiserbild. Leitmeritz , 1899
- J. C. Labhart-Lutz. Ein Nachruf. Leitmeritz , 1889
- Die Philippinen. Eine übersichtliche Darstellung der ethnographischen und historischpolitischen Verhältnisse des Archipels. Hamburg, 1900
- Die Sprachgebiete Europas am Ausgange des Mittelalters, verglichen mit den Zuständen der Gegenwart. Prag , 1883
- Strömungen und Gezeiten an der Küste von Mindanao.
- Der "Tratado Anonimo" über den Aufstand der Cumuneros gegen König Carl V. Leitmeritz , 1878
- Versuch einer Ethnographie der Philippinen. GothaGotha (town)Gotha is a town in Thuringia, within the central core of Germany. It is the capital of the district of Gotha.- History :The town has existed at least since the 8th century, when it was mentioned in a document signed by Charlemagne as Villa Gotaha . Its importance derives from having been chosen in...
, 1882 - Vocabular einzelner Ausdrücke und Redensarten, welche dem Spanischen der philippinischen Inseln eigenthümlich sind. Leitmeritz , 1882, 1883–1884|8, 1885|5.
Literature
- Jindřich Tomas: Jose Rizal, Ferdinand Blumentritt and the Philippines in the New Age. The City of Litomerice: Czech. Publishing House Oswald Praha, 1998.
- Johann Stockinger: „Ich interessiere mich von jeher nur für die spanischen Colonien“ - Neueste Erkenntnisse für die Blumentritt-Forschung aus der Korrespondenz mit Hugo Schuchardt. (Wien, 1998)
- The Dapitan Correspondence of Dr.Jose Rizal and Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt. Compiled by Romeo G. Jalosjos. The City Government Dapitan City: Philippines, 2007. ISBN 978-971-93553.
- Harry Sichrovsky: Der Revolutionär von Leitmeritz. Ferdinand Blumentritt und der philippinische Freiheitskampf . Wien: Österr. Bundesverl., 1983. ISBN 3-215-04989-9
- Harry Sichrovsky: Harry Sichrovsky: Ferdinand Blumentritt: An Austrian Life for the Philippines. Manila, 1987.
- Lea Blumentritt-Virághalmy, Egy szudétanémet nagypolgár európai és délkelet-ázsiai kapcsolathálója. Szentendre, 1999) /Resume/
- Lea-Katharina Steller (née Blumentritt-Virághalmy): Ferdinand Blumentritt /1853-1913/. In: Series of the Collections for Research into Sudeten German Minority. I.. Szentendre, 2006. SzentendreSzentendreSzentendre is a riverside town in Pest county, Hungary, near the capital city Budapest. It is known for its museums , galleries, and artists. Due to its picturesque appearance and easy rail and river access, it has become a popular destination for tourists staying in Budapest...
, 2006. - Lea-Katharina Steller (née Blumentritt-Virághalmy), Ferdinand Blumentritt In: Unitas, a scholarly publication of the University of Santo TomasUniversity of Santo TomasThe Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines , is a private Roman Catholic university run by the Order of Preachers in Manila. Founded on April 28, 1611 by archbishop of Manila Miguel de Benavides, it has the oldest extant university charter in the...
. Ed. I. C. Abaño OP. ManilaManilaManila is the capital of the Philippines. It is one of the sixteen cities forming Metro Manila.Manila is located on the eastern shores of Manila Bay and is bordered by Navotas and Caloocan to the north, Quezon City to the northeast, San Juan and Mandaluyong to the east, Makati on the southeast,...
, 2006/Dezember.
Further reading
- Harry Sichrovsky. Ferdinand Blumentritt: an Austrian life for the Philippines : the story of José Rizal's closest friend and companion. s.n.; 1987. ISBN 9789711360245.
External links
- Rizal-Blumentritt Friendship maintained by the University of ViennaUniversity of ViennaThe University of Vienna is a public university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world...
- The Complete Jose Rizal, Filipiniana.net