The Five-striped Sparrow, Amphispiza quinquestriata, is a medium-sized sparrow

American sparrow

American sparrows are a group of mainly New World passerine birds, forming part of the family Emberizidae. American sparrows are seed-eating birds with conical bills, brown or gray in color, and many species have distinctive head patterns....

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This passerine

Passerine

A passerine is a bird of the order Passeriformes, which includes more than half of all bird species. Sometimes known as perching birds or, less accurately, as songbirds, the passerines form one of the most diverse terrestrial vertebrate orders: with over 5,000 identified species, it has roughly...

 bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

 is primarily found along the eastern Sea of Cortez region and Pacific

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.At 165.2 million square kilometres in area, this largest division of the World...

 region of mainland western Mexico

Mexico

The United Mexican States , commonly known as Mexico , is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of...

, with a breeding range that extends into the southern tip of the U.S. state

U.S. state

A U.S. state is any one of the 50 federated states of the United States of America that share sovereignty with the federal government. Because of this shared sovereignty, an American is a citizen both of the federal entity and of his or her state of domicile. Four states use the official title of...

 of Arizona

Arizona

Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...

, the Sierra Madre Occidental

Sierra Madre Occidental

The Sierra Madre Occidental is a mountain range in western Mexico.-Setting:The range runs north to south, from just south of the Sonora–Arizona border southeast through eastern Sonora, western Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Durango, Zacatecas, Nayarit, Jalisco, Aguascalientes to Guanajuato, where it joins...

 mountain range containing the Madrean sky islands

Madrean sky islands

The Madrean Sky Islands are enclaves of Madrean pine-oak woodlands, found at higher elevations in a complex of small mountain ranges in southern and southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northwestern Mexico. The sky islands are surrounded at lower elevations by the Sonoran and...

, of southeastern Arizona, extreme southwestern New Mexico

New Mexico

New Mexico is a state located in the southwest and western regions of the United States. New Mexico is also usually considered one of the Mountain States. With a population density of 16 per square mile, New Mexico is the sixth-most sparsely inhabited U.S...

, and northern Sonora

Sonora

Sonora officially Estado Libre y Soberano de Sonora is one of the 31 states which, with the Federal District, comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided into 72 municipalities; the capital city is Hermosillo....

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This species is a regular victim of cowbird

Cowbird

Cowbirds are birds belonging to the genus Molothrus in the family Icteridae. They are brood parasitic New World birds which are unrelated to the Old World cuckoos, one of which, the Common Cuckoo, is the best-known brood parasitic bird....

 nest parasite

Brood parasite

Brood parasites are organisms that use the strategy of brood parasitism, a kind of kleptoparasitism found among birds, fish or insects, involving the manipulation and use of host individuals either of the same or different species to raise the young of the brood-parasite...

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Book

• Groschupf, Kathleen. 1992. Five-striped Sparrow (Aimophila quinquestriata). In The Birds of North America, No. 21 (A. Poole, P. Stettenheim, and F. Gill, Eds.). Philadelphia: The Academy of Natural Sciences; Washington, DC: The American Ornithologists’ Union.

Thesis

• Groschupf KD. M.S. (1978). RELATIONSHIPS OF SONG PATTERN COMPLEXITY TO NESTING STAGES IN THE FIVE-STRIPED SPARROW (AIMOPHILA QUINQUESTRIATA). Stephen F. Austin State University, United States, Texas.

• Groschupf KD. Ph.D. (1983). COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE VOCALIZATIONS AND SINGING BEHAVIOR OF FOUR AIMOPHILA SPARROWS. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, United States, Virginia.

• Hobart HH. Ph.D. (1991). Comparative karyology in nine-primaried oscines (Aves). The University of Arizona, United States, Arizona.

Articles

• Borror DJ. (1971). Songs of Aimophila Sparrows Occurring in the USA. Wilson Bulletin. vol 83, no 2. pp. 132–151.

• Groschupf K. (1985). Changes in Five-Striped Sparrow Aimophila-Quinquestriata Song in Intrasexual and Intersexual Contexts. Wilson Bulletin. vol 97, no 1. pp. 102–106.

• Groschupf K. (1994). Current status of the Five-striped Sparrow in Arizona. Western Birds. vol 25, no 4. pp. 192–197.

• Groschupf K & Mills GS. (1978). Inter Song Interval and Song Pattern Variability of the Five-Striped Sparrow. Auk. vol 95, no 4. pp. 758–760.

• Groschupf K & Mills GS. (1982). Singing Behavior of the Five-Striped Sparrow Aimophila-Quinquestriata. Condor. vol 84, no 2. pp. 226–236.

• Mills GS. (1977). New Locations for the Five-Striped Sparrow in the USA. Western Birds. vol 8, no 4. pp. 121–130.

• Monroe BLJ. (1978). Summary of Highest Counts of Individuals for Canada and the USA. American Birds. vol 32, no 4. pp. 924–930.

• Phillips AR & Farfan RP. (1993). Distribution, migration, ecology, and relationships of the five-striped sparrow, Aimophila quinquestriata. Western Birds. vol 24, no 2. pp. 65–72.