Foil
Encyclopedia
Foil may refer to:
Materials
Fluid dynamics
Arts and culture
Mathematics
Navigation
Other
Little-known techniques in papermaking
Materials
- Foil (metal), a quite thin sheet of metal, usually manufactured with a rolling mill machine
- Metal leafMetal leafMetal leaf, also called composition leaf or schlagmetal, is a thin foil used for decoration. Metal leaf can come in many different shades. Some metal leaf may look like gold leaf but not contain any real gold...
, a very thin sheet of decorative metal - Aluminium foilAluminium foilAluminium foil is aluminium prepared in thin metal leaves, with a thickness less than , thinner gauges down to are also commonly used. In the USA, foils are commonly gauged in mils. Standard household foil is typically thick and heavy duty household foil is typically .The foil is pliable, and...
, a type of wrapping for food - Tin foilTin foilTin foil, also spelled tinfoil, is a thin foil made of tin. Actual tin foil was superseded by cheaper and more durable aluminium foil after World War II, and aluminium foil is sometimes confused with "tin foil" because of its similarity to the former material.-History:Foil made from a thin leaf of...
, metal foil made of tin, the direct predecessor to aluminium foil - Plastic foil, a thin layer of plastic material
- Transparency (projection)Transparency (projection)A transparency, also known in industrial settings as a "viewfoil" or "foil", is a thin sheet of transparent flexible material, typically cellulose acetate, onto which figures can be drawn. These are then placed on an overhead projector for display to an audience...
, as in "foil" (film over incandescent light) or "viewfoil"
- Transparency (projection)
Fluid dynamics
- Foil (fluid mechanics)Foil (fluid mechanics)A foil is a solid object with a shape such that when placed in a moving fluid at a suitable angle of attack the lift is substantially larger than the drag...
- AirfoilAirfoilAn airfoil or aerofoil is the shape of a wing or blade or sail as seen in cross-section....
, a foil operating in air. - HydrofoilHydrofoilA hydrofoil is a foil which operates in water. They are similar in appearance and purpose to airfoils.Hydrofoils can be artificial, such as the rudder or keel on a boat, the diving planes on a submarine, a surfboard fin, or occur naturally, as with fish fins, the flippers of aquatic mammals, the...
, a foil operating in water. - ParafoilParafoilA parafoil is a nonrigid airfoil with an aerodynamic cell structure which is inflated by the wind. Ram-air inflation forces the parafoil into a classic wing cross-section. Parafoils are most commonly constructed out of ripstop nylon....
, a non-rigid airfoil, inflated during use
- Airfoil
- Foil bearingFoil bearingFoil bearings, also known as foil-air bearings, are a type of air bearing. A shaft is supported by a compliant, spring-loaded foil journal lining. Once the shaft is spinning quickly enough, the working fluid pushes the foil away from the shaft so that there is no more contact...
, a type of fluid bearing
Arts and culture
- Foil stampingFoil stampingFoil stamping, typically a commercial print process, is the application of pigment or metallic foil, often gold or silver, but can also be various patterns or what is known as pastel foil which is a flat opaque color or white special film-backed material, to paper where a heated die is stamped onto...
, a printmaking technique - Foil (band)Foil (band)Foil a grunge rock group from the Seattle, Washington area c.1990-1998 featuring Steve Wied, formerly of Tad, Skin Yard, Willard and Daddy Hate Box on vocals and drums....
, a Seattle-based grunge rock band c.1990 - 98. - Foil (literature)Foil (literature)In fiction, a foil is a character who contrasts with another character in order to highlight particular qualities of another character....
, a subsidiary character who emphasizes the traits of a main character. A technique also used in plays and motion pictures- A Comedic (or comic) foil, is the straight man in a comedy double actDouble actA double act, also known as a comedy duo, is a comic pairing in which humor is derived from the uneven relationship between two partners, usually of the same gender, age, ethnic origin and profession, but drastically different personalities or behavior...
.
- A Comedic (or comic) foil, is the straight man in a comedy double act
- "Film Over Incandescent Light", a picture-projection methodTransparency (projection)A transparency, also known in industrial settings as a "viewfoil" or "foil", is a thin sheet of transparent flexible material, typically cellulose acetate, onto which figures can be drawn. These are then placed on an overhead projector for display to an audience...
.
Mathematics
- The FOIL method, a way to expand the product of two first-degree polynomials ("linear factors")
Navigation
- HydrofoilHydrofoilA hydrofoil is a foil which operates in water. They are similar in appearance and purpose to airfoils.Hydrofoils can be artificial, such as the rudder or keel on a boat, the diving planes on a submarine, a surfboard fin, or occur naturally, as with fish fins, the flippers of aquatic mammals, the...
, a type of high-powered motorboat that uses underwater foils to lift its hull above the water when moving at high speeds - Bruce foilBruce foilA Bruce foil is a variant of the leeboard, consisting of a foil typically mounted on an outrigger and always set at an angle to provide both lateral and downwards force...
, a foil used on an outrigger to prevent a boat from heeling - Centerboard, a movable keel that functions as a foil
- FoilboardFoilboardA foilboard or hydrofoil board is a surfboard with a hydrofoil that extends below the board into the water. This design causes the board to leave the surface of the water at various speeds....
, a surfboard using a hydrofoil
Other
- People in a police lineupPolice lineupA police lineup or identity parade is a process by which a crime victim or witness's putative identification of a suspect is confirmed to a level that can count as evidence at trial....
- First Order Inductive LearnerFirst Order Inductive LearnerIn machine learning, First Order Inductive Learner is a rule-based learning algorithm.-Background:Developed in 1990 by Ross Quinlan, FOIL learns function-free Horn clauses, a subset of first-order predicate calculus...
- a rule-based learning algorithm. - FOIL (programming language), one of two now-defunct computer programming languages
- Foil (fencing)Foil (fencing)A foil is a type of weapon used in fencing. It is the most common weapon in terms of usage in competition, and is usually the choice for elementary classes for fencing in general.- Components:...
, one of the three weapons used in modern fencing - Forum of Indian LeftistsForum of Indian LeftistsThe Forum of Indian Leftists , is a group of over 300 left-wing activists of Indian background. The organization describes itself as 'a clearinghouse for radical Indian activists in the United States, Canada and England' ...
, a political group of Indian intellectuals - Freedom of information legislationFreedom of information legislationFreedom of information legislation comprises laws that guarantee access to data held by the state. They establish a "right-to-know" legal process by which requests may be made for government-held information, to be received freely or at minimal cost, barring standard exceptions...
or Freedom of Information Law (FOIL)
Little-known techniques in papermaking
- Foil (papermaking), a type of ving under the wire in the wire section of a paper machine creating a vacuum pulse to eliminate water from the stock (fibre/water slurry).
- Ultrasonic foil (papermaking)Ultrasonic foil (papermaking)High power ultrasonics are used in the ultrasonic foils under the formation wire in a paper machine to produce paper of higher quality. On the top side of the formation wire over an ultrasonic foil, in the stock , millions of pressure pulses from imploding cavitation bubbles will keep the fibres...
, a type of high frequency vibrating foil under the wire, creating cavitation, imploding vacuum bubbles, in the stock on the wire. The shock waves from the imploding bubbles will distribute the fibres more uniform in the paper web and this will give a stronger paper