Formate
Encyclopedia
Formate or methanoate is the ion CHOO− or HCOO− (formic acid
minus one hydrogen ion
). It is the simplest carboxylate anion. It is produced in large amounts in the hepatic (liver cells) mitochondria of embryonic cells and in cancer cells by the folate cycle (source: H Frederik Nijhout, et al, In silico experimentation with a model of hepatic mitochondrial folate metabolism, Theoretical Biology and Medical Modeling, 2006, 3:40, link http://www.tbiomed.com/content/3/1/40/abstract).
A formate (compound) is a salt or ester
of formic acid
.
Formic acid
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. Its chemical formula is HCOOH or HCO2H. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in the venom of bee and ant stings. In fact, its name comes from the Latin word for ant, formica, referring to its early...
minus one hydrogen ion
Hydrogen ion
Hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes.Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions and negatively charged ions....
). It is the simplest carboxylate anion. It is produced in large amounts in the hepatic (liver cells) mitochondria of embryonic cells and in cancer cells by the folate cycle (source: H Frederik Nijhout, et al, In silico experimentation with a model of hepatic mitochondrial folate metabolism, Theoretical Biology and Medical Modeling, 2006, 3:40, link http://www.tbiomed.com/content/3/1/40/abstract).
A formate (compound) is a salt or ester
Ester
Esters are chemical compounds derived by reacting an oxoacid with a hydroxyl compound such as an alcohol or phenol. Esters are usually derived from an inorganic acid or organic acid in which at least one -OH group is replaced by an -O-alkyl group, and most commonly from carboxylic acids and...
of formic acid
Formic acid
Formic acid is the simplest carboxylic acid. Its chemical formula is HCOOH or HCO2H. It is an important intermediate in chemical synthesis and occurs naturally, most notably in the venom of bee and ant stings. In fact, its name comes from the Latin word for ant, formica, referring to its early...
.
Examples
- ethyl formateEthyl formateEthyl formate is an ester formed when ethanol reacts with formic acid . It is also known as ethyl methanoate because formic acid is also known as methanoic acid. Ethyl formate has the characteristic smell of rum and is also partially responsible for the flavor of raspberries.-Exposure:Ethyl...
, CH3CH2(HCOO) - sodium formateSodium formateSodium formate, HCOONa, is the sodium salt of formic acid, HCOOH. It usually appears as a white deliquescent powder.-Uses:Sodium formate is used in several fabric dyeing and printing processes...
, Na(HCOO) - caesium formate, Cs(HCOO); see Caesium: Petroleum exploration
- methyl formateMethyl formateMethyl formate, also called methyl methanoate, is the methyl ester of formic acid. The simplest example of an ester, it is a clear liquid with an ethereal odor, high vapor pressure, and low surface tension.-Production:...
, CH3(HCOO) - methyl chloroformateMethyl chloroformateMethyl chloroformate is the methyl ester of chloroformic acid. It is also known as methyl chlorocarbonate, and is an oily liquid with a colour that is anywhere from yellow to colorless. It is also known for its pungent odour...
, CH3OCOCl - triethyl orthoformateTriethyl orthoformateTriethyl orthoformate is an orthoester of formic acid. It is commercially available. The industrial synthesis is from hydrogen cyanide and ethanol.It may also be prepared from the reaction of sodium ethoxide and chloroform:...
- trimethyl orthoformateTrimethyl orthoformateTrimethyl orthoformate is a the simplest orthoester. It is a reagent used in organic synthesis for the introduction of a protecting group for aldehydes. The product of reaction of an aldehyde with trimethyl orthoformate is an acetal...
, C4H10O3