François Annibal d'Estrées
Encyclopedia
François-Annibal d'Estrées, duc d'Estrées (1573 – Paris
, May 5, 1670) was a French diplomat, military and Marshal of France
.
François-Annibal was the son of Antoine d'Estrées
and brother of Gabrielle d'Estrées
, the lover of Henry IV of France
. He was destined for the church but preferred a military career and joined the army as marquis de Coeuvres where he became Lieutenant General
.
In 1624, under Maria of Medici, he was given supreme command over the troops of France, Venice
and Savoy
, in the conquest of Veltlin. For this, he was given in 1626 the title of Marshal of France. In 1630 he tried in vain to conquer Mantua
. In 1632 he was put in command of the Rhine-army, and took Trier
.
After his military career he became a diplomat.
Between 1636 and 1648 he was the French envoy in Rome
. After this Louis XIV promoted the Marquisat of Coeuvres to the Dukedom of Estrées. François-Annibal was appointed Governor of Île de France and later Soissons
.
His son Jean II d'Estrées
and grandson Victor-Marie d'Estrées
also reached the rank of Marshal of France. HIs daughter Christine married the prince de Lillebonne but had no children.
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, May 5, 1670) was a French diplomat, military and Marshal of France
Marshal of France
The Marshal of France is a military distinction in contemporary France, not a military rank. It is granted to generals for exceptional achievements...
.
Life
Antoine d'Estrées
In French history, Antoine d'Estrées was born around 1529 and died on May 11, 1609. He was Marquis of Coeuvres, vicomte of Soissons and of Bercy, Knight of the Order of Saint-Esprit and Knight of the Order of Saint-Michel ....
and brother of Gabrielle d'Estrées
Gabrielle d'Estrées
Gabrielle d'Estrées, Duchess of Beaufort and Verneuil, Marchioness of Monceaux was a French mistress of King Henry IV of France, born at either the Château de la Bourdaisière in Montlouis-sur-Loire, in Touraine, or at the château de Cœuvres, in Picardy....
, the lover of Henry IV of France
Henry IV of France
Henry IV , Henri-Quatre, was King of France from 1589 to 1610 and King of Navarre from 1572 to 1610. He was the first monarch of the Bourbon branch of the Capetian dynasty in France....
. He was destined for the church but preferred a military career and joined the army as marquis de Coeuvres where he became Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
.
In 1624, under Maria of Medici, he was given supreme command over the troops of France, Venice
Venice
Venice is a city in northern Italy which is renowned for the beauty of its setting, its architecture and its artworks. It is the capital of the Veneto region...
and Savoy
Savoy
Savoy is a region of France. It comprises roughly the territory of the Western Alps situated between Lake Geneva in the north and Monaco and the Mediterranean coast in the south....
, in the conquest of Veltlin. For this, he was given in 1626 the title of Marshal of France. In 1630 he tried in vain to conquer Mantua
Mantua
Mantua is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy and capital of the province of the same name. Mantua's historic power and influence under the Gonzaga family, made it one of the main artistic, cultural and notably musical hubs of Northern Italy and the country as a whole...
. In 1632 he was put in command of the Rhine-army, and took Trier
Trier
Trier, historically called in English Treves is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle. It is the oldest city in Germany, founded in or before 16 BC....
.
After his military career he became a diplomat.
Between 1636 and 1648 he was the French envoy in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...
. After this Louis XIV promoted the Marquisat of Coeuvres to the Dukedom of Estrées. François-Annibal was appointed Governor of Île de France and later Soissons
Soissons
Soissons is a commune in the Aisne department in Picardy in northern France, located on the Aisne River, about northeast of Paris. It is one of the most ancient towns of France, and is probably the ancient capital of the Suessiones...
.
His son Jean II d'Estrées
Jean II d'Estrées
Jean II d'Estrées, , was a Marshal of France, and an important naval commander of Louis XIV.Jean d'Estrées was born in a noble family from Picardie...
and grandson Victor-Marie d'Estrées
Victor-Marie d'Estrées
Victor Marie d'Estrées, count then duke d'Estrées was a Marshal of France.-Biography:...
also reached the rank of Marshal of France. HIs daughter Christine married the prince de Lillebonne but had no children.