Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
Encyclopedia
Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DSO
, PC
(26 February 1875 – 21 July 1930), styled Lord Frederick Blackwood between 1888 and 1918, was a British soldier and politician.
. He was born in Ottawa
, Canada
, during his father's term as Governor General of Canada
.
in 1897. He served with the 9th Lancers during the Second Boer War
from 1899 to 1901 and was present at the engagements at Belmont, Enslin, Modder River
, Magersfonstein, the relief of Kimberley
, the advance to Bloemfontein
and Pretoria
and the subsequent fighting in the Transvaal
, Orange River Colony
and Cape Colony
, where he was badly wounded on Christmas Eve 1900. Twice mentioned in despatches, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order
before retiring from the Army in 1913 with the rank of captain.
. He was again seriously wounded in the autumn of 1915 having returned to duty for only three days. He served as a staff captain in the Guards Division
in 1916 and was seconded to the Machine Gun Corps
as an instructor in 1918. After the war he was president of the Ulster Ex-Servicemen's Association.
He succeeded to the marquessate on the death of his elder brother Terence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
on 7 February 1918. His eldest brother Archibald, Earl of Ava had been killed in action at Waggon Hill in the Boer War
in January 1900, while his other brother, Lord Basil Blackwood, had perished in an attack on German trenches in July 1917.
Lord Dufferin was elected to the Senate of the Parliament of Northern Ireland
in 1921, where he served as Speaker from 1921 to 1930, and was sworn of the Privy Council of Ireland
on 16 September 1921 and of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
on 12 December 1922. He was an RNVR (Royal Naval Reserve
) aide-de-camp
to King George V
and was appointed Vice-Admiral of Ulster by the King in 1923, a post which his father had held.
, Hertfordshire
. They had two children:
On 21 July 1930 Lord Dufferin was flying with a party of friends from Berck
, a small village in France
near Le Touquet, back to England when the aircraft crashed
outside Meopham
, Kent
, killing all those on board. The others in the party were Sir Edward Simons Ward, Bt.; Viscountess Ednam, the wife of Viscount Ednam (heir to the Earl of Dudley
) and a daughter of Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland
; and Mrs Loeffler, a well-known society hostess, along with the pilot, Lt. Col. George Lochart Henderson and the assistant pilot, Mr C. D. Shearing. Lord Dufferin was buried in the family burial ground at Clandeboye
, County Down
.
Lord Dufferin's widow married again after his death on 28 January 1932, to Henry Charles Somers Augustus Somerset (1874–1945), the only son of Lord Henry Somerset
(himself the brother of Henry Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort
), and died on 17 July 1946.
Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other parts of the British Commonwealth and Empire, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat.Instituted on 6 September...
, PC
Privy Council of Ireland
The Privy Council of Ireland was an institution of the Kingdom of Ireland until 31 December 1800 and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1922...
(26 February 1875 – 21 July 1930), styled Lord Frederick Blackwood between 1888 and 1918, was a British soldier and politician.
Background
Lord Dufferin was the fourth son of Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and AvaFrederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava, KP, GCB, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC was a British public servant and prominent member of Victorian society...
. He was born in Ottawa
Ottawa
Ottawa is the capital of Canada, the second largest city in the Province of Ontario, and the fourth largest city in the country. The city is located on the south bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, during his father's term as Governor General of Canada
Governor General of Canada
The Governor General of Canada is the federal viceregal representative of the Canadian monarch, Queen Elizabeth II...
.
Early miltary career
He joined the ArmyBritish Army
The British Army is the land warfare branch of Her Majesty's Armed Forces in the United Kingdom. It came into being with the unification of the Kingdom of England and Scotland into the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1707. The new British Army incorporated Regiments that had already existed in England...
in 1897. He served with the 9th Lancers during the Second Boer War
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902 between the British Empire and the Afrikaans-speaking Dutch settlers of two independent Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State...
from 1899 to 1901 and was present at the engagements at Belmont, Enslin, Modder River
Battle of Modder River
The Battle of Modder River was an engagement in the Boer War, fought at Modder River, on 28 November 1899...
, Magersfonstein, the relief of Kimberley
Kimberley, Northern Cape
Kimberley is a city in South Africa, and the capital of the Northern Cape. It is located near the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The town has considerable historical significance due its diamond mining past and siege during the Second Boer War...
, the advance to Bloemfontein
Bloemfontein
Bloemfontein is the capital city of the Free State Province of South Africa; and, as the judicial capital of the nation, one of South Africa's three national capitals – the other two being Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Pretoria, the administrative capital.Bloemfontein is popularly and...
and Pretoria
Pretoria
Pretoria is a city located in the northern part of Gauteng Province, South Africa. It is one of the country's three capital cities, serving as the executive and de facto national capital; the others are Cape Town, the legislative capital, and Bloemfontein, the judicial capital.Pretoria is...
and the subsequent fighting in the Transvaal
South African Republic
The South African Republic , often informally known as the Transvaal Republic, was an independent Boer-ruled country in Southern Africa during the second half of the 19th century. Not to be confused with the present-day Republic of South Africa, it occupied the area later known as the South African...
, Orange River Colony
Orange River Colony
The Orange River Colony was the British colony created after this nation first occupied and then annexed the independent Orange Free State in the Second Boer War...
and Cape Colony
Cape Colony
The Cape Colony, part of modern South Africa, was established by the Dutch East India Company in 1652, with the founding of Cape Town. It was subsequently occupied by the British in 1795 when the Netherlands were occupied by revolutionary France, so that the French revolutionaries could not take...
, where he was badly wounded on Christmas Eve 1900. Twice mentioned in despatches, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order
Distinguished Service Order
The Distinguished Service Order is a military decoration of the United Kingdom, and formerly of other parts of the British Commonwealth and Empire, awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat.Instituted on 6 September...
before retiring from the Army in 1913 with the rank of captain.
Great War and later career
After leaving the Army he was appointed military secretary to the Governor General of Australia, Sir Ronald Munro-Ferguson (later Viscount Novar), who was his brother-in-law. Following the outbreak of the First World War he rejoined his old regiment the 9th Lancers and was seriously wounded when serving on the Western Front in October 1914 and was subsequently transferred to the Grenadier GuardsGrenadier Guards
The Grenadier Guards is an infantry regiment of the British Army. It is the most senior regiment of the Guards Division and, as such, is the most senior regiment of infantry. It is not, however, the most senior regiment of the Army, this position being attributed to the Life Guards...
. He was again seriously wounded in the autumn of 1915 having returned to duty for only three days. He served as a staff captain in the Guards Division
Guards Division
The Guards Division is an administrative unit of the British Army responsible for the administration of the regiments of Foot Guards and the London Regiment.-Introduction:...
in 1916 and was seconded to the Machine Gun Corps
Machine Gun Corps
The Machine Gun Corps was a corps of the British Army, formed in October 1915 in response to the need for more effective use of machine guns on the Western Front in World War I. The Heavy Branch of the MGC was the first to use tanks in combat, and the branch was subsequently turned into the Tank...
as an instructor in 1918. After the war he was president of the Ulster Ex-Servicemen's Association.
He succeeded to the marquessate on the death of his elder brother Terence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
Terence Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava
Terence John Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 2nd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DL JP , styled Lord Terence Blackwood between 1888 and 1900 and Earl of Ava between 1900 and 1902, was a British diplomat....
on 7 February 1918. His eldest brother Archibald, Earl of Ava had been killed in action at Waggon Hill in the Boer War
Second Boer War
The Second Boer War was fought from 11 October 1899 until 31 May 1902 between the British Empire and the Afrikaans-speaking Dutch settlers of two independent Boer republics, the South African Republic and the Orange Free State...
in January 1900, while his other brother, Lord Basil Blackwood, had perished in an attack on German trenches in July 1917.
Lord Dufferin was elected to the Senate of the Parliament of Northern Ireland
Parliament of Northern Ireland
The Parliament of Northern Ireland was the home rule legislature of Northern Ireland, created under the Government of Ireland Act 1920, which sat from 7 June 1921 to 30 March 1972, when it was suspended...
in 1921, where he served as Speaker from 1921 to 1930, and was sworn of the Privy Council of Ireland
Privy Council of Ireland
The Privy Council of Ireland was an institution of the Kingdom of Ireland until 31 December 1800 and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1922...
on 16 September 1921 and of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland
Privy Council of Northern Ireland
The Privy Council of Northern Ireland was a formal body of advisors to the sovereign and was a vehicle for the monarch's prerogative powers in Northern Ireland. It was modelled on the Privy Council of the United Kingdom....
on 12 December 1922. He was an RNVR (Royal Naval Reserve
Royal Naval Reserve
The Royal Naval Reserve is the volunteer reserve force of the Royal Navy in the United Kingdom. The present Royal Naval Reserve was formed in 1958 by merging the original Royal Naval Reserve and the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve , a reserve of civilian volunteers founded in 1903...
) aide-de-camp
Aide-de-camp
An aide-de-camp is a personal assistant, secretary, or adjutant to a person of high rank, usually a senior military officer or a head of state...
to King George V
George V of the United Kingdom
George V was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 through the First World War until his death in 1936....
and was appointed Vice-Admiral of Ulster by the King in 1923, a post which his father had held.
Family
Lord Dufferin was married on 10 June 1908 to Brenda Woodhouse, only daughter of Major Robert Woodhouse, of Orford House, Bishop's StortfordBishop's Stortford
Bishop's Stortford is a historic market town and civil parish in the district of East Hertfordshire in the county of Hertfordshire in England. It is situated just west of the M11 motorway, on the county boundary with Essex and is the closest large town to London Stansted Airport and part of the...
, Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.The county is one of the Home Counties and lies inland, bordered by Greater London , Buckinghamshire , Bedfordshire , Cambridgeshire and...
. They had two children:
- Basil Sheridan Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaBasil Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and AvaBasil Sheridan Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 4th Marquess of Dufferin and Ava DL , styled Earl of Ava until 1918, was a Conservative politician and soldier.-Early life and family:...
(6 April 1909 – 25 March 1945). - Lady Veronica Brenda Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood (13 December 1910 – ?), who married firstly Roger Antony Hornby, second son of Charles Harry St. John Hornby, of Shelley House, Chelsea and Chantemarle, Dorset, on 17 December 1931 (div. 1940) and has issue by the marriage; secondly Squadron Leader E. H. Maddick of the Royal Air ForceRoyal Air ForceThe Royal Air Force is the aerial warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Formed on 1 April 1918, it is the oldest independent air force in the world...
in October 1941 (div. 1947); thirdly Captain Thomas Andrew Hussey CBEOrder of the British EmpireThe Most Excellent Order of the British Empire is an order of chivalry established on 4 June 1917 by George V of the United Kingdom. The Order comprises five classes in civil and military divisions...
of the Royal NavyRoyal NavyThe Royal Navy is the naval warfare service branch of the British Armed Forces. Founded in the 16th century, it is the oldest service branch and is known as the Senior Service...
on 15 June 1947 (div. 1956); and fourthly to Peter Rebuck Wolfe in July 1956.
On 21 July 1930 Lord Dufferin was flying with a party of friends from Berck
Berck
Berck, sometimes referred to as Berck-sur-Mer, is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France and lies within the Marquenterre regional park, an ornithological nature reserve...
, a small village in France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
near Le Touquet, back to England when the aircraft crashed
Meopham air disaster
The Meopham Air Disaster occurred on 21 July 1930 when a Junkers F.13ge from Le Touquet to Croydon with two crew and four passengers crashed near Meopham, Kent, with the loss of all on board...
outside Meopham
Meopham
Meopham is a large linear village and civil parish in the Borough of Gravesham and ceremonial county of Kent, in England, and lies to the south of Gravesend. The parish covers , and comprises two villages and two smaller settlements; it has a population of 6,427...
, Kent
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
, killing all those on board. The others in the party were Sir Edward Simons Ward, Bt.; Viscountess Ednam, the wife of Viscount Ednam (heir to the Earl of Dudley
Earl of Dudley
Earl of Dudley, of Dudley Castle in the County of Stafford, is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, both times for members of the Ward family. This family descends from Sir Humble Ward, the son of a wealthy goldsmith and jeweller to King Charles I...
) and a daughter of Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland
Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland
Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 4th Duke of Sutherland , styled Lord Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower until 1858, Earl Gower between 1858 and 1861 and Marquess of Stafford between 1861 and 1892, was a British peer and politician.-Background:Sutherland was the son of George...
; and Mrs Loeffler, a well-known society hostess, along with the pilot, Lt. Col. George Lochart Henderson and the assistant pilot, Mr C. D. Shearing. Lord Dufferin was buried in the family burial ground at Clandeboye
Clandeboye
Clandeboye is in modern times an area of Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland. It is named after the Clandeboye family, a branch of the O'Neill dynasty. They settled in the 1330s after the death of the Earl of Ulster in what is now south Antrim and north Down, giving their name to the territory...
, County Down
County Down
-Cities:*Belfast *Newry -Large towns:*Dundonald*Newtownards*Bangor-Medium towns:...
.
Lord Dufferin's widow married again after his death on 28 January 1932, to Henry Charles Somers Augustus Somerset (1874–1945), the only son of Lord Henry Somerset
Lord Henry Somerset
Lord Henry Richard Charles Somerset PC, DL, JP was a British Conservative politician. He served as Comptroller of the Household under Benjamin Disraeli between 1874 and 1879.-Background:...
(himself the brother of Henry Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort
Henry Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort
- External links :* Paul Theroff. . Retrieved 24 November 2007....
), and died on 17 July 1946.