Frederick John Jackson
Encyclopedia
Frederick John Jackson (1860–1929) was an English
administrator, explorer and ornithologist.
in 1860. He attended Shrewsbury School
and then Jesus College, Cambridge
.
In 1884 he went to Africa on a shooting trip, joining J.G, Haggard, the British consul at Lamu
.
On this trip he explored the coast of what is now Kenya, the Tana River
and Mount Kilimanjaro
.
As well as shooting big game, he collected birds and butterflies.
Soon after the 1886 treaty was signed to delimit the German and British spheres of influence in East Africa he joined the Imperial British East Africa Company
(IBEAC).
and Lake Victoria
, which was poorly know to Europeans at that time, and if possible to obtain news of Emin Pasha
. At Kavirondo
he received a letter from King Mwanga of Uganda describing a state of great confusion there owing to rivalry between different Christian factions. He went north, exploring the country beyond Mount Elgon
. On his return to Kavirondo he found that the German Karl Peters
had passed him and raised the German flag, which he pulled down. He went on to Uganda where he found the Baganda uncertain about whether to accept an IBEAC administration.
The decision was made for them by the Heligoland treaty of 1900 in which Britain was given Uganda.
The British government took over the administration of British East Africa from IBEAC in 1894, and Jackson became an official. He was Lieutenant-Governor of the East African Protectorate (1907–1911) and Governor of Uganda (1911–1917).
He was awarded the C.B. for services during the mutiny of Sudanese troops in Uganda in 1898. For his administrative work he was awarded the C.M.G (1902) and the K.C.M.G. (1913). He retired in 1917.
in 1888.
That year a paper by Jackson and Captain Shelley was published describing birds collected during his 1884-1886 trip to Africa. He collected many specimens in an 1898-1891 expedition to Uganda, and descriptions of this collection were published in a five-part paper in the Ibis
in 1891-1892. Other papers described new species appeared in the Ibis and other journals between 1890 and 1917.
Jackson was elected President of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society in 1910.
He wrote nine of the nineteen chapters of Big Game Shooting, published in 1894.
After retiring, he worked on a complete history of the Birds of East Africa and Uganda, which was unpublished when he died in 1929.
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
administrator, explorer and ornithologist.
Early years
Jackson was born at Oran Hall, near Catterick, North YorkshireCatterick, North Yorkshire
Catterick , sometimes Catterick Village, to distinguish it from the nearby Catterick Garrison, is a village and civil parish in the Richmondshire district of North Yorkshire, England...
in 1860. He attended Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a co-educational independent school for pupils aged 13 to 18, founded by Royal Charter in 1552. The present campus to which the school moved in 1882 is located on the banks of the River Severn in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England...
and then Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College, Cambridge
Jesus College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England.The College was founded in 1496 on the site of a Benedictine nunnery by John Alcock, then Bishop of Ely...
.
In 1884 he went to Africa on a shooting trip, joining J.G, Haggard, the British consul at Lamu
Lamu
-Threats to Lamu:In a 2010 report titled Saving Our Vanishing Heritage, Global Heritage Fund identified Lamu as one of 12 worldwide sites most "On the Verge" of irreparable loss and damage, citing insufficient management and development pressure as primary causes.- See also :* Juma and the Magic...
.
On this trip he explored the coast of what is now Kenya, the Tana River
Tana River (Kenya)
The long Tana River is the longest river in Kenya, and gives its name to the Tana River District. Its tributaries include the Thika. The river rises in the Aberdare Mountains to the west of Nyeri. Initially it runs east before turning south around the massif of Mount Kenya. The river then runs...
and Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro
Kilimanjaro, with its three volcanic cones, Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira, is a dormant volcano in Kilimanjaro National Park, Tanzania and the highest mountain in Africa at above sea level .-Geology:...
.
As well as shooting big game, he collected birds and butterflies.
Soon after the 1886 treaty was signed to delimit the German and British spheres of influence in East Africa he joined the Imperial British East Africa Company
Imperial British East Africa Company
The Imperial British East Africa Company was the administrator of British East Africa, which was the forerunner of the East Africa Protectorate, later Kenya. The IBEAC was a commercial association founded to develop African trade in the areas controlled by the British colonial power...
(IBEAC).
Administrator
In 1889 Jackson led an IBEAC expedition to open up the regions between MombasaMombasa
Mombasa is the second-largest city in Kenya. Lying next to the Indian Ocean, it has a major port and an international airport. The city also serves as the centre of the coastal tourism industry....
and Lake Victoria
Lake Victoria
Lake Victoria is one of the African Great Lakes. The lake was named for Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, by John Hanning Speke, the first European to discover this lake....
, which was poorly know to Europeans at that time, and if possible to obtain news of Emin Pasha
Emin Pasha
Mehmed Emin Pasha — he was born Isaak Eduard Schnitzer and baptized Eduard Carl Oscar Theodor Schnitzer — was a physician, naturalist, and governor of the Egyptian province of Equatoria on the upper Nile...
. At Kavirondo
Kavirondo
Kavirondo is the former name of the region surrounding Kavirondo Gulf as well as of two native peoples living there under the regime of British East Africa...
he received a letter from King Mwanga of Uganda describing a state of great confusion there owing to rivalry between different Christian factions. He went north, exploring the country beyond Mount Elgon
Mount Elgon
Mount Elgon is an extinct shield volcano on the border of Uganda and Kenya, north of Kisumu and west of Kitale.- Physical features :It is the oldest and largest solitary volcano in East Africa, covering an area of around 3500 km²....
. On his return to Kavirondo he found that the German Karl Peters
Karl Peters
Karl Peters , was a German colonial ruler, explorer, politician and author, the prime mover behind the foundation of the German colony of East Africa...
had passed him and raised the German flag, which he pulled down. He went on to Uganda where he found the Baganda uncertain about whether to accept an IBEAC administration.
The decision was made for them by the Heligoland treaty of 1900 in which Britain was given Uganda.
The British government took over the administration of British East Africa from IBEAC in 1894, and Jackson became an official. He was Lieutenant-Governor of the East African Protectorate (1907–1911) and Governor of Uganda (1911–1917).
He was awarded the C.B. for services during the mutiny of Sudanese troops in Uganda in 1898. For his administrative work he was awarded the C.M.G (1902) and the K.C.M.G. (1913). He retired in 1917.
Naturalist
Jackson joined the British Ornithologists' UnionBritish Ornithologists' Union
The British Ornithologists' Union aims to encourage the study of birds in Britain, Europe and elsewhere, in order to understand their biology and to aid their conservation....
in 1888.
That year a paper by Jackson and Captain Shelley was published describing birds collected during his 1884-1886 trip to Africa. He collected many specimens in an 1898-1891 expedition to Uganda, and descriptions of this collection were published in a five-part paper in the Ibis
Ibis (journal)
Ibis, subtitled the International Journal of Avian Science, is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of the British Ornithologists' Union. Topics covered include ecology, conservation, behaviour, palaeontology, and taxonomy of birds. The editor-in-chief is Paul F. Donald. The journal is published by...
in 1891-1892. Other papers described new species appeared in the Ibis and other journals between 1890 and 1917.
Jackson was elected President of the East Africa and Uganda Natural History Society in 1910.
He wrote nine of the nineteen chapters of Big Game Shooting, published in 1894.
After retiring, he worked on a complete history of the Birds of East Africa and Uganda, which was unpublished when he died in 1929.