Gadzarts
Encyclopedia
Gadz'Arts or Gadzarts is the nickame given to the students and the alumni of École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers
(ENSAM)- a prestigious university
(grande ecole) specialised in engineering.
Since the beginning of the institution, the students of the school perpetuate their own traditions and folklore
, and organise themselves in a student society
or union. They call themselves "Gadz'Arts" , abbreviated from "Gars des Arts" ("Guys from the Arts", the school's nickname is the "Arts"). The "Gadz" folklore includes traditional clothing, language, songs and legends, related symbolism, and ceremonials.
Gadz'Arts activities are independent of the administration of the school and are exclusively run by the students and alumni, although the two parts often cooperate for organising cultural or sporting events.
In addition, words are often shortened and then get a final « s » or << z >> sound and are prefixed with the syllable « Za ». The vocabulary is varied among the different branches of the school.
The penmanship
used is generally done so by hand in Gothic calligraphy
-style letters for important occasions.
What are these signs for nobil'ty here for ?
Their false glares cannot dazzle us.
Here, powerful, disparity ceases,
Old privileges, thee must all perish.
Friends, let us taste this happiness we scorn,
As will know well that at the School of Arts,
"Fraternity", such remains our byword,
Such it remains for every true Gadz'Arts.
(...)
For instance, students who entered the school in 1997, in Cluny are member of the Cluny 1997 or Cl 197 class. 197 is used instead of 97 to disambiguate from the 1897 class.
! Center !! Abbrev.
|-
| Châlons-en-Champagne >
| Angers
| Aix-en-Provence
| Cluny
| Lille
| Paris
| Bordeaux
| Karlsruhe
| Metz
There have not been any classes from the Paris centre since the late 1940s.
Classes usually create an association
to organise the students when they leave school. Some classes also choose an association name that differs from their usual designation.
Finally, all the classes of the same year, in all centres, are given a unique name by the Alumni Society. For instance, the 1982 classes have been given the name "Louis Delâge".
École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers
Arts et Métiers ParisTech is the French leading engineering school in the fields of mechanics and industrialization.The school trained 85,000 engineers since its foundation in 1780 by the Duke of La Rochefoucauld-Liancourt....
(ENSAM)- a prestigious university
University
A university is an institution of higher education and research, which grants academic degrees in a variety of subjects. A university is an organisation that provides both undergraduate education and postgraduate education...
(grande ecole) specialised in engineering.
Since the beginning of the institution, the students of the school perpetuate their own traditions and folklore
Folklore
Folklore consists of legends, music, oral history, proverbs, jokes, popular beliefs, fairy tales and customs that are the traditions of a culture, subculture, or group. It is also the set of practices through which those expressive genres are shared. The study of folklore is sometimes called...
, and organise themselves in a student society
Student society
A student society or student organization is an organization, operated by students at a university, whose membership normally consists only of students. They are often affiliated with a university's students' union...
or union. They call themselves "Gadz'Arts" , abbreviated from "Gars des Arts" ("Guys from the Arts", the school's nickname is the "Arts"). The "Gadz" folklore includes traditional clothing, language, songs and legends, related symbolism, and ceremonials.
Gadz'Arts activities are independent of the administration of the school and are exclusively run by the students and alumni, although the two parts often cooperate for organising cultural or sporting events.
Traditions
The Gadz'Arts community is proud of its ancient traditions which are based on the values of mutual aid and fraternity as well as on the oral memory of numerous anecdotes and songs connected to the history of the school.- In school, the pupils wear a lab coat (named a "Biaude" in Argad'z language). It is traditionally grey for the first and second year students - white ones are reserved for those in their last year of study. Gadz'Arts customize their coats individually. The coats of the first year students are generally rather sombre and plain; whilst those of the second and third year students often have elaborate coloured motifs and drawings.
- Gadz'Arts also possess a uniform (nicknamed a 'Zag' in Argad'z), a nod to their military past. It is navy blue in colour and very close to the uniform of the officers of French Marine.
- When they enter the school, the students are given nickname, called a "bucque", that they use afterward in their relations with the other students and alumni.
- Each student is the "ancient" of one student of the following class and the "archi" (or godfather) of one student of the class coming 25 years after. This creates continuity, which is the root of long term relations that last long after the students have left the school. It is called a family.
- One redundant and certainly the most important of gadz imagery/symbol is the squareSteel squareThe steel square is a tool that carpenters use. They use many tools to lay out a "square" or right-angle, many of which are made of steel, but the title steel square refers to a specific long-armed square that has additional uses for measurement, especially of angles, as well as simple...
:- It is one of the most important instruments for a mechanical engineer.
- It is a symbol for probity, a motto of the school's founder Duke of Rochefoucauld-LiancourtFrançois Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-LiancourtFrançois Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt was a French social reformer.-Early life:...
:"Helping with all that is useful, attaching his name to all that is right". - It refers to the alleged historical link between the school and freemasonryFreemasonryFreemasonry is a fraternal organisation that arose from obscure origins in the late 16th to early 17th century. Freemasonry now exists in various forms all over the world, with a membership estimated at around six million, including approximately 150,000 under the jurisdictions of the Grand Lodge...
. Unconfirmed.
Gadzarts slang
The Gadz'Arts use a special slang, called Argad'z which is actually a mix of French slang and military language, mixed with various local dialects.In addition, words are often shortened and then get a final « s » or << z >> sound and are prefixed with the syllable « Za ». The vocabulary is varied among the different branches of the school.
The penmanship
Penmanship
Penmanship is the technique of writing with the hand using a writing instrument. The various generic and formal historical styles of writing are called hands, whilst an individual personal style of penmanship is referred to as handwriting....
used is generally done so by hand in Gothic calligraphy
Calligraphy
Calligraphy is a type of visual art. It is often called the art of fancy lettering . A contemporary definition of calligraphic practice is "the art of giving form to signs in an expressive, harmonious and skillful manner"...
-style letters for important occasions.
Motto
The Gadz'Arts' motto is Fraternity:What are these signs for nobil'ty here for ?
Their false glares cannot dazzle us.
Here, powerful, disparity ceases,
Old privileges, thee must all perish.
Friends, let us taste this happiness we scorn,
As will know well that at the School of Arts,
"Fraternity", such remains our byword,
Such it remains for every true Gadz'Arts.
A few famous Gadzarts
« NH Prize » means that the person was awarded the Nessim Habif PrizeArmament industry
- Désiré Legat - Châlons, 1853 : Production of guns.
- Albert Oberhauser - Châlons, 1890 : Achieves the mass production of 100,000 rockets a day.
- Ingénieur Robin - Châlons, 1867 : creates the modern 75mm gun shell.
Automotive industry
- Émile DelahayeEmile DelahayeEmile Delahaye was a French automotive pioneer who founded Delahaye Automobiles.Emile Delahaye was born in Tours, Indre-et-Loire, in the Loire Valley. He studied engineering at a trade school in the city of Angers, the same school later attended by Louis Delâge, another automobile pioneer...
- Angers, 1859 : he is the first one to use pumps for water circulation; - Charles Trépardoux - Angers, 1868 : first steam tricycle.
- Charles Brasier - Châlons, 1880 : car with stiff frame and effective shock absorbers
- Louis DelâgeLouis DelâgeLouis Delâge , was a French pioneer automotive engineer and manufacturer.Born Pierre Louis Delâge to a family of modest means in Cognac in the Charente département of France, as an infant he lost the sight in one eye...
- Angers, 1890 : luxury cars maker - Louis CoatalenLouis CoatalenLouis Hervé Coatalen was a Breton automobile engineer.Coatalen was born in the Breton fishing town of Concarneau and went on to study engineering at the Ecole des Arts et Métiers at Cluny ....
- Cluny, 1895 : contributed to the famous "Liberty" engine that equipped the US Army trucks during World War I. - Sébastien Iglesis - Aix, 1896 : (...)
- Henri PerrotHenri PerrotHenri Perrot, born on 21 August 1883 in Paris, was a French engineer who was one of the pioneers of the automobile industry from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. He holds numerous patents in the field of automotive braking....
- Châlons, 1899 : (...)
Aviation
- Alexandre Goupil - Angers, 1859 : first helix for airplanes
- Lucien Chauvière - Angers, 1891 : known for the designs of his helixes.
- Charles Cormont - Angers, 1895 : builds 40 dirigible balloons.
- Louis Béchereau - Angers, 1896 : first plane that reaches a 200 km/h speed. Creator of the famous World War I SPAD air fighter (Guynemer's « Vieux Charles »); 13,000 of which were built.
- Antoine Odier - Aix, 1909 : creates the « Odier Vendôme » biplane and constructs a twin-engined seaplane with ballcocks.
- René Couzinet - Angers, 1921 : builds his famous « Arc-en-Ciel » that flies Paris to Buenos-Aires in 2 days and 15 hours.
- Léon LemartinLéon LemartinThéodore Clovis Edmond Lemartin, known as Léon Lemartin was a pioneer aviator who set a world record on 3 February 1911 at Pau, France when he carried seven passengers in a Bleriot XIII Aerobus...
- Aix-en-Provence, 1902, co-designer of the Gnome OmegaGnome Omega|-See also:-Bibliography:* Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. ISBN 1-85310-294-6....
rotary aero-engine, pioneer aviator for Bleriot, world record holder. - Pierre Nadot - Paris, 1924 : first flight of the « Caravelle ».
- Georges Gutman - Cluny, 1943 : creator of the EROS oxygen mask for civil aviation; inventor of a pneumatic harness for the fast use of the mask in flight. NH prize.
Railway
- Jean MeyerJean MeyerDoctor Jean Meyer Barth is a Mexican historian and author of French origin.Meyer obtained bachelor's and master's degrees at the Sorbonne University. He has taught at Sorbonne, Perpignan, the University of Paris, the Colegio de México, the Colegio de Michoacán, and the Centro de Investigación y...
- Châlons, 1823 : A variable relaxation system for steam engines - Alexandre Desroches - Angers, 1829 : Railway in Russia
- Edmond Roy - Angers, 1837 : Railway of the Andes
- François Michel - Châlons, 1847 : Built the first sleepers, in Moscow, for the Saint Petersburg-Moscow line.
- Raymond Garde - Paris, 1939 : One of the fathers of the High Speed Train (TGVTGVThe TGV is France's high-speed rail service, currently operated by SNCF Voyages, the long-distance rail branch of SNCF, the French national rail operator....
).
Printing Industry
- Charles Catala - Châlons, 1839 : Manufacture of straw paper mass.
- Joseph Heusse - Châlons, 1842 : enhancements of printing machines.
- Abel Boisseau - Angers, 1856 : With Marioni, he creates the rotary presses.
- Louis MoyroudLouis MoyroudLouis Marius Moyroud was a French-born American inventor who co-developed the phototypesetting process with Rene Alphonse Higonnet, which allows text and images to be printed on paper using a photoengraving process, a method that made the traditional publishing method of hot metal typesetting...
- Cluny, 1933 : (NH Prize). With René Higonet, he invented the automatic photocomposition, in 1944. (...). Member of the American National Inventor Hall of Fame.
Navy
- Claude Goubet - Angers, 1843 : first French submarine
- Charles Marzari - Châlons, 1861 and Albert Dufont - Châlons, 1865 : navy turrets
- Joseph Barguillet - Angers, 1862 : the first of a long line of Arts & Métiers general mechanics engineer. Ranked as an Admiral.
- Jules TessierJules TessierJules Tessier was a Canadian lawyer and politician.He was born in Quebec City, Quebec, the son of Ulric-Joseph Tessier and Mariane Perrault. He was educated at the Quebec seminary and at the Jesuit college in Montreal, and was admitted to the Quebec Bar in 1874. He was created a Queen's Counsel in...
- Angers, 1887 : warships, the Gerfaut, the TerribleFrench ship Terrible16 ships of the French Navy have borne the name Terrible:* Terrible, a 68-gun ship of the line , built in Brest. She took part in the battle of Schooneveld on the 7 June 1673. She sank on the 11 May 1678....
, world speed records.
Mechanics - Electricity
- Henri Flaud - Angers 1830 : fire pumps.
- Émile Lecoq - Châlons, 1839 : a specialist of printing and numbering machines
- Lucien Arbel - Aix, 1843 : (...), metallurgy, machines
- Amédée Buquet - Angers 1846 : excavators for hard stones
- Ignace Schabaver - Châlons, 1850 : centrifugal pumps (see also. Le RialetLe RialetLe Rialet is a commune in the Tarn department in southern France.-References:*...
) - Léandre Megy - Aix, 1851 : lifting and handling, brakes
- Émile Cail - Châlons, 1855 : founded the Fives-Lille company
- Eugène Daguin - Châlons, 1865 : the Daguin stamping machineDaguin machineThe Daguin machine was one of the first cancelling machines used by the French postal administration. It was created by Eugène Daguin . Its first official use took place in June 1884 in Paris...
- René Guillery - Châlons, 1883 : production control machines
- Alphonse Pégard - Châlons, 1885 : production machines
- Claude Gambin - Châlons, 1900 : milling machines
- Henri Bruet - Lille, 1904 : Cazeneuve lathes
- Marius Lavet - Cluny, 1910 : NH Prize, electric and electronic clocks (quartz watches)
- Jean Dutheil - Aix, 1916 : NH Prize, advanced techniques for metal made buildings
- Pierre BézierPierre BézierPierre Étienne Bézier was a French engineer and one of the founders of the fields of solid, geometric and physical modeling as well as in the field of representing curves, especially in CAD/CAM systems...
- Paris, 1927 : NH Prize, machine tools for mass production (robots), inventor of the bezier curves. - Raymond Pailloux - Châlons, 1927 : developed the integrated circuit technique
- Marcel Sédille - Paris, 1928 : gas and steam turbines
- Georges Henriot - Lille, 1938 : kinematics of the gears
Textile industry
- Frédéric Quinson - Aix, 1847 : invented a woolcombing machine for silk scrap
Public infrastructures industry
- Jean-Baptiste Monnier - Châlons, 1828 : first sugar plant in the NileNileThe Nile is a major north-flowing river in North Africa, generally regarded as the longest river in the world. It is long. It runs through the ten countries of Sudan, South Sudan, Burundi, Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Tanzania, Kenya, Ethiopia, Uganda and Egypt.The Nile has two major...
valley - François Barbarin - Angers, 1844 : Bizerte and Tabarka harbours, GazaGazaGaza , also referred to as Gaza City, is a Palestinian city in the Gaza Strip, with a population of about 450,000, making it the largest city in the Palestinian territories.Inhabited since at least the 15th century BC,...
phosphates. - Henri Diedrich - Angers, 1844 : phosphates plant in Krourigba
- Dominique Berjeaut - Aix, 1844 : DanubeDanubeThe Danube is a river in the Central Europe and the Europe's second longest river after the Volga. It is classified as an international waterway....
navigation - Amédée Buquet - Angers, 1846 : mechanical excavator for hard stone boring
- Alponse Pellerin - Châlons, 1849 et Louis Pellerin - Angers, 1875 : bridges, tunnels, deep water foundations
- Ernest Fouquet - Châlons, 1849 : Trotzki bridge on the Neva river in Petrograd
- Louis Bret - Angers, 1852 : viaducts in Cratellauk, Fiaccati, etc.
- Vincent Dauzats - Angers, 1856 : SuezSuez CanalThe Suez Canal , also known by the nickname "The Highway to India", is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869 after 10 years of construction work, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation...
, PanamaPanama CanalThe Panama Canal is a ship canal in Panama that joins the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. Built from 1904 to 1914, the canal has seen annual traffic rise from about 1,000 ships early on to 14,702 vessels measuring a total of 309.6...
and CorinthCorinth CanalThe Corinth Canal is a canal that connects the Gulf of Corinth with the Saronic Gulf in the Aegean Sea. It cuts through the narrow Isthmus of Corinth and separates the Peloponnesian peninsula from the Greek mainland, thus effectively making the former an island. The builders dug the canal through...
canals. - Félix Faraud - Aix, 1862 : close counselor of the CambodiaCambodiaCambodia , officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia...
king, discovers many Khmer peopleKhmer peopleKhmer people are the predominant ethnic group in Cambodia, accounting for approximately 90% of the 14.8 million people in the country. They speak the Khmer language, which is part of the larger Mon–Khmer language family found throughout Southeast Asia...
monuments. - Alfred Letort - Châlons, 1868 : sugar plants, refineries in Egypte
- Ernest Laigle - Châlons, 1871 : Mexico cityMexico CityMexico City is the Federal District , capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole...
city, Vera-Cruz bridge. - Louis Viriot - Châlons, 1872 : TunisTunisTunis is the capital of both the Tunisian Republic and the Tunis Governorate. It is Tunisia's largest city, with a population of 728,453 as of 2004; the greater metropolitan area holds some 2,412,500 inhabitants....
, SousseSousseSousse is a city in Tunisia. Located 140 km south of the capital Tunis, the city has 173,047 inhabitants . Sousse is in the central-east of the country, on the Gulf of Hammamet, which is a part of the Mediterranean Sea. The name may be of Berber origin: similar names are found in Libya and in...
and SfaxSfaxSfax is a city in Tunisia, located southeast of Tunis. The city, founded in AD 849 on the ruins of Taparura and Thaenae, is the capital of the Sfax Governorate , and a Mediterranean port. Sfax has population of 340,000...
harbours. - Léon Chagnaud - Châlons, 1881 : subway under the SeineSeineThe Seine is a -long river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France. It rises at Saint-Seine near Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre . It is navigable by ocean-going vessels...
river, Rove tunnel, Eguzon stopping, Donzère-Mondragon plant. - Charles Vieille - Châlons, 1912 : Water stopping on the Niger riverNiger RiverThe Niger River is the principal river of western Africa, extending about . Its drainage basin is in area. Its source is in the Guinea Highlands in southeastern Guinea...
in Sansanding - Nicolas Esquillan - Châlons, 1919 : NH Prize, arch of the CNIT building, Tancarville BridgeTancarville BridgeThe Tancarville Bridge is a suspension bridge that crosses the Seine River and connects Tancarville and Marais-Vernier , near Le Havre.The bridge was completed in 1959 at a cost of 9 billion francs....
, reinforced concrete in thin shells. - Jean Roret - Paris, 1942 : Saint-Nazaire, Nantes, Rouen and Sèvres bridges, Eiffel towerEiffel TowerThe Eiffel Tower is a puddle iron lattice tower located on the Champ de Mars in Paris. Built in 1889, it has become both a global icon of France and one of the most recognizable structures in the world...
handing-over to the standards, building of the Maine-Montparnasse tower, etc. - Henri Delauze - Aix, 1946 : NH Prize, very deep sea diving, founder and CEO of the ComexComexComex may refer to:*COMEX, a division of the New York Mercantile Exchange *COMEX , a French company in undersea engineering*COMEX, a gold trust owned by iShares...
company.
Aix-en-Provence
- Henri Jus - Aix, 1847 : geologist, master in the art of probing the ground, he dedicates 44 years of his life to transforming the SaharaSaharaThe Sahara is the world's second largest desert, after Antarctica. At over , it covers most of Northern Africa, making it almost as large as Europe or the United States. The Sahara stretches from the Red Sea, including parts of the Mediterranean coasts, to the outskirts of the Atlantic Ocean...
desert. Doing this, he saves the Oued Rihr oasis and creates aroung 500 water sources, yelding a total of 250 000 m3/min. Creator of many oasises, he is named « ßou el Ma » (the father of water) by the saharian people. - Henri VerneuilHenri VerneuilHenri Verneuil was a French-Armenian playwright and filmmaker, who enjoyed a successful career in France.-Biography:...
- Aix, 1940 : NH Prize, French famous film maker.
Angers
- Jacques Bonsergent - Angers, 1930 : November 10, 1940, he is accidentally involved in a scuffle with German soldiers. Arrested by mistake, he refuses to denounce his companions and thus assumes alone the responsibility of an action he did not perform. Sentenced to death by a German military tribunal, he will have the unhappy privilege to be the first shot person in Paris, on December 23, 1940. He was 28 years old. His name was be given to a subway station in Paris, in 1946.
Châlons-en-Champagne
- Eugène HoudryEugene HoudryEugene Houdry was a French mechanical engineer who invented catalytic cracking of petroleum feed stocks. He originally focused on using lignite as a feedstock, but switched to using heavy liquid tars after moving to the United States in 1930...
- Châlons, 1908 : he dedicated his life to the development of oil processing techniques. He invented several new processes and created 14 big Catalytic cracking units. He files more than 600 patents. Thanks to the higher energetic power of his gasoline, allied war planes proved superior to their opponents during world war two.
Cluny
- Pierre AngénieuxPierre AngénieuxPierre Angénieux was a French engineer and optician, one of the inventors of the modern zoom lenses, and famous for introducing the Angénieux retrofocus.-Biography:...
- Cluny, 1925 : NH Prize, Hifh quality camera and cinema lenses. Built cameras for space flights. Was awarded the Gordon E. Sawyer AwardGordon E. Sawyer AwardThe Gordon E. Sawyer Award is an accolade given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to "an individual in the motion picture industry whose technological contributions have brought credit to the industry." The award is named in honour of Gordon E...
.
(...)
Classes
School classes are named after:- The ENSAM center it originates from;
- The last two digits of the year of admission.
For instance, students who entered the school in 1997, in Cluny are member of the Cluny 1997 or Cl 197 class. 197 is used instead of 97 to disambiguate from the 1897 class.
|-
| Châlons-en-Champagne >
| Angers
| Aix-en-Provence
| Cluny
| Lille
| Paris
| Bordeaux
| Karlsruhe
| Metz
There have not been any classes from the Paris centre since the late 1940s.
Classes usually create an association
Alumni association
An alumni association is an association of graduates or, more broadly, of former students. In the United Kingdom and the United States, alumni of universities, colleges, schools , fraternities, and sororities often form groups with alumni from the same organisation...
to organise the students when they leave school. Some classes also choose an association name that differs from their usual designation.
Finally, all the classes of the same year, in all centres, are given a unique name by the Alumni Society. For instance, the 1982 classes have been given the name "Louis Delâge".
Links
- Gadzarts Web portal (in French)
- Gadzarts Heritage (in French)
- Gadzarts Traditions Overview of the Traditions of the Gadzarts since the origins of the school (in French).
- Historic Society of the Arts & Métiers in Cluny Presentation of the museum of the school in Cluny (in French).