George Crawford Hyndman
Encyclopedia
George Crawford Hyndman was an Irish
auctioneer and amateur biologist
Hyndman from Belfast
was mainly interested in marine zoology and marine botany
(particularly molluscs and algae
). His specimens of both groups may now be found in the Ulster Museum
the algae in the Herbarium
.In his early years Hyndman formed an insect collection (now in the same repository) and clearly had an interest in all ascpects of local natural history
.
Hyndman was a member of the Belfast Dredging Committee (other members were G. Dickie, E. Waller and John Gwyn Jeffreys
). This operated from 1857-1859, under grants from the British Association for the Advancement of Science
.
William Thompson described Panningia hyndmani , a hermit crab
for him as the discoverer in Belfast Lough
.
He was also a founder member of the Belfast Natural History Society
and contributed to S.A.Stewart and T.H.Corry's Flora of the North-east.
Anapagurus hyndmanni (Bell
,1845) as well as A. laevis and Pagurus cuanensis were also discovered by Hyndman at Portaferry
(and Bangor) and named by Thompson (q.v.) without formal descriptions.
Other hermit crab species named for Hyndman were:
The Ulster Museum has an 1854-62 archive of George Crawford Hyndman containing 20 letters from Francis Archer
, Edward Benn, J. Bristow, Edward Charlesworth(1813–93 English naturalist and palaeontologist), A. Crawford, Robert Damon (1814-189 Dorset geologist and dealer in fossils), George Dickie, Edmund Getty
, John Gwyn Jeffreys
, William Molony, R. W. Hincks, J. Morpan, Robert Patterson
, Edward Waller (1803-1873 Irish land owner owner of a yacht used for dredgings) and Charles Ward.
Most of Hyndman's discoveries are published with attribution in Thompson, William
(edited by Patterson, R.
) The natural history of Ireland. Volume 4: Mammalia, reptiles and fishes. Also, invertebrata. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1856
Irish people
The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...
auctioneer and amateur biologist
Biologist
A biologist is a scientist devoted to and producing results in biology through the study of life. Typically biologists study organisms and their relationship to their environment. Biologists involved in basic research attempt to discover underlying mechanisms that govern how organisms work...
Hyndman from Belfast
Belfast
Belfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly...
was mainly interested in marine zoology and marine botany
Marine botany
Marine botany is the study of plants that live in the sea and brackish water. It is a branch of marine biology....
(particularly molluscs and algae
Algae
Algae are a large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms, such as the giant kelps that grow to 65 meters in length. They are photosynthetic like plants, and "simple" because their tissues are not organized into the many...
). His specimens of both groups may now be found in the Ulster Museum
Ulster Museum
The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial...
the algae in the Herbarium
Herbarium
In botany, a herbarium – sometimes known by the Anglicized term herbar – is a collection of preserved plant specimens. These specimens may be whole plants or plant parts: these will usually be in a dried form, mounted on a sheet, but depending upon the material may also be kept in...
.In his early years Hyndman formed an insect collection (now in the same repository) and clearly had an interest in all ascpects of local natural history
Natural history
Natural history is the scientific research of plants or animals, leaning more towards observational rather than experimental methods of study, and encompasses more research published in magazines than in academic journals. Grouped among the natural sciences, natural history is the systematic study...
.
John Gwyn Jeffreys
John Gwyn Jeffreys was a British conchologist and malacologist.He was born in Swansea into a propertied Welsh family and educated at Swansea Grammar School. He went to London to qualify as a barrister, which he did. His greater passion however was for conchology...
). This operated from 1857-1859, under grants from the British Association for the Advancement of Science
British Association for the Advancement of Science
frame|right|"The BA" logoThe British Association for the Advancement of Science or the British Science Association, formerly known as the BA, is a learned society with the object of promoting science, directing general attention to scientific matters, and facilitating interaction between...
.
William Thompson described Panningia hyndmani , a hermit crab
Hermit crab
Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. Most of the 1100 species possess an asymmetrical abdomen which is concealed in an empty gastropod shell that is carried around by the hermit crab.-Description:...
for him as the discoverer in Belfast Lough
Belfast Lough
Belfast Lough is a large, natural intertidal sea lough at the mouth of the River Lagan on the east coast of Northern Ireland. The inner part of the lough comprises a series of mudflats and lagoons. The outer lough is restricted to mainly rocky shores with some small sandy bays...
.
He was also a founder member of the Belfast Natural History Society
Belfast Natural History Society
The Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society was founded in 1821 to promote the scientific study of animals, plants, fossils, rocks and minerals....
and contributed to S.A.Stewart and T.H.Corry's Flora of the North-east.
Anapagurus hyndmanni (Bell
Thomas Bell (zoologist)
Thomas Bell FRS was an English zoologist, surgeon and writer, born in Poole, Dorset, UK.Bell, like his mother Susan, took a keen interest in natural history which his mother also encouraged in his younger cousin Philip Henry Gosse. Bell left Poole in 1813 for his training as a dental surgeon in...
,1845) as well as A. laevis and Pagurus cuanensis were also discovered by Hyndman at Portaferry
Portaferry
Portaferry is a small town in County Down, Northern Ireland, at the southern end of the Ards Peninsula, near the Narrows at the entrance to Strangford Lough. It had a population of 2,467 people in the 2001 Census. It has an aquarium and is well-known for the annual Galway Hookers Regatta. It hosts...
(and Bangor) and named by Thompson (q.v.) without formal descriptions.
Other hermit crab species named for Hyndman were:
- Escharina hyndmanni (JohnsonJames Yate JohnsonJames Yate Johnson was an English naturalist.Johnson, who lived in Madeira from around 1851 studied marine fish, crustacea, sea anemones and sponges and terrestrial spiders, flowering plants and mosses. He collected specimens for other naturalists.For instance George Busk who in 1859 wrote...
, 1847) - Iophon hyndmani (BowerbankJames Scott BowerbankJames Scott Bowerbank FRS was a British naturalist and palaeontologist.-Biography:Bowerbank was born in Bishopsgate, London, and succeeded in conjunction with his brother to his father's distillery, in which he was actively engaged until 1847.In early years astronomy and natural history,...
, 1858) - Pseudione hyndmanni (BateCharles Spence BateCharles Spence Bate, or Spence Bate, FRS was a British zoologist and dentist, who who practiced first at Swansea, and then Plymouth, taking over his father's practice. He was an authority on the Crustacea, and a frequent correspondent of Charles Darwin, mostly concerning their shared interest in...
& WestwoodJohn Obadiah WestwoodJohn Obadiah Westwood was an English entomologist and archaeologist also noted for his artistic talents.Born in Sheffield, he studied to be a lawyer but abandoned that for his scientific interests....
, 1868).
The Ulster Museum has an 1854-62 archive of George Crawford Hyndman containing 20 letters from Francis Archer
Francis Archer
Francis Archer 1803 – 1875) was an Irish physician and naturalistHe was one of the founder members of the Belfast Natural History Society and later President of the Liverpool Natural History Society....
, Edward Benn, J. Bristow, Edward Charlesworth(1813–93 English naturalist and palaeontologist), A. Crawford, Robert Damon (1814-189 Dorset geologist and dealer in fossils), George Dickie, Edmund Getty
Edmund Getty
Edmund Getty was an Irish antiquarian and naturalist.Getty was educated at the Royal Belfast Academical Institution. He became Ballast Master of the Belfast Ballast Board and, later, Secretary of the Belfast Harbour Board. He was responsible for the reclamation of the slob-lands on the County Down...
, John Gwyn Jeffreys
John Gwyn Jeffreys
John Gwyn Jeffreys was a British conchologist and malacologist.He was born in Swansea into a propertied Welsh family and educated at Swansea Grammar School. He went to London to qualify as a barrister, which he did. His greater passion however was for conchology...
, William Molony, R. W. Hincks, J. Morpan, Robert Patterson
Robert Patterson (Belfast)
Robert Patterson, FRS was an Irish businessman and naturalist born in Belfast, Ireland.-Biography:The eldest son of Robert Patterson , owner of a mill-furnishing business in Belfast established in 1786, Robert Patterson was born into a wealthy family. He was educated first at the Belfast Academy...
, Edward Waller (1803-1873 Irish land owner owner of a yacht used for dredgings) and Charles Ward.
Works
- 1853 Notes on the natural history of Tory Island. Ulster Journal of Archaeology 1: 34-37.
- 1857 Note on a curious monstrosity of the common shell (Fusus antiquus). Nat. Hist. : 250.
- 1858 Report of the Proceedings of the Belfast Dredging Committee. Report for the British Association for the Advancement of Science : 220-237.
- 1858 Report of the Proceedings of the Belfast Dredging Committee. Report for the British Association for the Advancement of Science : 220-237.
- 1860 Report of the Belfast Dredging Committee for 1859. Report for the British Association for the Advancement of Science : 116-119.
Most of Hyndman's discoveries are published with attribution in Thompson, William
William Thompson (naturalist)
William Thompson was an Irish naturalist celebrated for his founding studies of the natural history of Ireland, especially in ornithology and marine biology. Thompson published numerous notes on the distribution, breeding, eggs, habitat, song, plumage, behaviour, nesting and food of birds...
(edited by Patterson, R.
Robert Patterson (Belfast)
Robert Patterson, FRS was an Irish businessman and naturalist born in Belfast, Ireland.-Biography:The eldest son of Robert Patterson , owner of a mill-furnishing business in Belfast established in 1786, Robert Patterson was born into a wealthy family. He was educated first at the Belfast Academy...
) The natural history of Ireland. Volume 4: Mammalia, reptiles and fishes. Also, invertebrata. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1856
External Links
- About Ireland pdfs of The Natural History of Ireland