Gnevny class destroyer
Encyclopedia
The Gnevny class were a group of destroyer
s built for the Soviet Navy
in the late 1930s - early 1940s. They are sometimes known as the Gremyashchiy class destroyer and the Official Soviet Designation was Project 7. These ships fought in World War II.
In the early 1930s the Soviets felt able to re-start construction of fleet destroyers and forty eight ships were ordered under the second Five year Plan.
The design was produced with Italian assistance despite ideological differences between the Soviets and Fascist Italy
. They resemble contemporary destroyers built in Italy for the Greek and Turkish Navies.
They suffered from some of the weaknesses of contemporary Italian ships with structural weakness and limited seaworthiness. There were also significant machinery problems in the earliest ships. The design flaws were apparent after trials of the first units in 1936/7 and production stopped after 30 ships. A modified design was then placed into production as the Type 7U
.
Four surviving ships from the Pacific Fleet were transferred to the People's Liberation Army Navy
and served as the Anshan class destroyer
s.
and towed to Vladivostok
for fitting out due to the shallow depth of the Amur River. One unit, Reshitelny (i), was lost by stranding on passage 7 November 1938, being damaged beyond repair. The material for these ships was assembled in Nikolayev and then shipped east via the Trans-Siberian railway.
Destroyer
In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller, powerful, short-range attackers. Destroyers, originally called torpedo-boat destroyers in 1892, evolved from...
s built for the Soviet Navy
Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy would have played an instrumental role in a Warsaw Pact war with NATO, where it would have attempted to prevent naval convoys from bringing reinforcements across the Atlantic Ocean...
in the late 1930s - early 1940s. They are sometimes known as the Gremyashchiy class destroyer and the Official Soviet Designation was Project 7. These ships fought in World War II.
In the early 1930s the Soviets felt able to re-start construction of fleet destroyers and forty eight ships were ordered under the second Five year Plan.
The design was produced with Italian assistance despite ideological differences between the Soviets and Fascist Italy
Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
The Kingdom of Italy was a state forged in 1861 by the unification of Italy under the influence of the Kingdom of Sardinia, which was its legal predecessor state...
. They resemble contemporary destroyers built in Italy for the Greek and Turkish Navies.
They suffered from some of the weaknesses of contemporary Italian ships with structural weakness and limited seaworthiness. There were also significant machinery problems in the earliest ships. The design flaws were apparent after trials of the first units in 1936/7 and production stopped after 30 ships. A modified design was then placed into production as the Type 7U
Soobrazitelny class destroyer
The Soobrazitel'nyi class were destroyers built for the Soviet Navy in the early 1940s. The Soviet designation was Type 7U or Ulutshenyi . The ships fought in World War II. They were modified versions of the Gnevny class destroyers. The design was finalised in 1936 after initial disappointments...
.
Four surviving ships from the Pacific Fleet were transferred to the People's Liberation Army Navy
People's Liberation Army Navy
The People's Liberation Army Navy is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army , the military of the People's Republic of China. Until the early 1990s, the navy performed a subordinate role to the PLA Land Forces. Since then, it has undergone rapid modernisation...
and served as the Anshan class destroyer
Anshan class destroyer
The Anshan-class destroyers were the People's Liberation Army Navy's first destroyers. They were ex-Soviet s purchased in the 1950s. The Chinese later added HY-2 anti-ship missiles and removed some of the torpedo tubes....
s.
Black Sea Fleet
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bodry - Бодрый (Brisk) | Marti Yard, Nikolaev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
1936 | 1938 | scrapped 1950s page in Russian |
| Bystry - Быстрый (Rapid) | Marti Yard, Nikolaev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
1936 | Nov 1938 | sunk 1 July 1941 by magnetic mine |
| Bezuprechny - Безупречный ( Irreproachable) | 61 Kommunar yard, Nikolaev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
1936 | 1938 | sunk 26 June 1942 page in Russian |
| Bditelny - Бдительный (Watchful) | 61 Kommunar yard, Nikolaev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
1936 | 1938 | sunk 2 July 1942 Page in Russian |
| Boiky - Бойкий (Spry / bold) | Marti Yard, Nikolaev Mykolaiv Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:... |
29 Oct 1936 | 1 May 1939 | scrapped 1958, Page in Russian |
| Bezposhchadny - Беспощадный (Merciless) | Sevastopol Navy Yard | 1937 | Sept 1939 | sunk 6 October 1943, bombing by Stukas page in Russian |
Baltic Fleet
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gnevny (wrathful) | Zhdanov Yard, Leningrad Leningrad Leningrad is the former name of Saint Petersburg, Russia.Leningrad may also refer to:- Places :* Leningrad Oblast, a federal subject of Russia, around Saint Petersburg* Leningrad, Tajikistan, capital of Muminobod district in Khatlon Province... |
13 June 1936 | 31 jan 1939 | sunk 23 June 1941 by mines |
| Gordy (proud) | Baltic yard, Leningrad | 1936 | 1938 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941, scrapped 1950s |
| Gromky(Loud) | Baltic yard, Leningrad | 6 Dec 1937 | 23 Feb 1939 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941, scrapped 1960 |
| Grozny (terrible) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 31 July 1936 | 1939 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941, used as a target for nuclear testing 1957, near Novaya Zemlya |
| Gremyashchy (thunderous) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 12 March 1937 | 1939 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941, used as a target for nuclear testing 1957, near Novaya Zemlya |
| Grozyashtchi (menacing) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 18 Aug 1936 | 1939 | damaged by bombing near Leningrad, scrapped 1950s |
| Sokrushitelny (Destructive) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 15 Aug 1936 | 1939 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941 sunk in a storm 22 November 1942, after stern broke off, 35 dead |
| Steregushchy (Alert) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 1937 | 1939 | bombed and sunk 21 September 1941 near Krondstadt, salvaged in 1944 and returned to service 1948, Scrapped 1959 |
| Stremitleny (Impetuous) | Zhdanov yard Leningrad | 1936 | 1938 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1941 sunk 20 July 1941 by German Bombers in Ekatirinskaya Bay, Murmansk, partially raised in 1942 and cannibalised for spair parts to repair Raz'yaryonny |
Pacific Fleet
All the Pacific Fleet ships were built by Dalzavod, Komsomolsk na AmureKomsomolsk-on-Amur
Komsomolsk-on-Amur is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, situated on the left bank of Amur River. It is located on the BAM railway line, northeast of Khabarovsk. Population: -Geography and climate:...
and towed to Vladivostok
Vladivostok
The city is located in the southern extremity of Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula, which is about 30 km long and approximately 12 km wide.The highest point is Mount Kholodilnik, the height of which is 257 m...
for fitting out due to the shallow depth of the Amur River. One unit, Reshitelny (i), was lost by stranding on passage 7 November 1938, being damaged beyond repair. The material for these ships was assembled in Nikolayev and then shipped east via the Trans-Siberian railway.
| Ship | Launched | Completed | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rezvy (frisky) | 1937 | Dec 1939 | Scrapped 1950s |
| Ryany (spirited) | Oct 1937 | 1940 | Sunk as target 8 January 1961 in the Sea of Japan |
| Raztropny (prompt) | 1939 | 1941 | Scrapped 1950s |
| Redki (rare) | 1941 | Scrapped 1962 | |
| Razyashtchy (furious) | 1938 | 1941 | sunk as target ship 1961 |
| Reshitelny (ii) Решительный (decisive) | 1939 | 1941 | sold to China People's Liberation Army Navy The People's Liberation Army Navy is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army , the military of the People's Republic of China. Until the early 1990s, the navy performed a subordinate role to the PLA Land Forces. Since then, it has undergone rapid modernisation... 1955 as Chang Chun |
| Retivy Ретивый (ardent) | 1940 | 1941 | sold to China People's Liberation Army Navy The People's Liberation Army Navy is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army , the military of the People's Republic of China. Until the early 1990s, the navy performed a subordinate role to the PLA Land Forces. Since then, it has undergone rapid modernisation... 1955 as Chi Lin |
| Revnosty (fervent) | 1940 | 1941 | scrapped 1950s |
| Razyaryonny Разъяренный (enraged) | May 1941 | Dec 1941 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1942, target ship 1958 |
| Razumny (sensible) | 1940 | 1941 | transferred to the Soviet Northern Fleet in 1942, foundered 1960s |
| Rekordny Рекордный (record breaking) | 1940 | 1941 | sold to China People's Liberation Army Navy The People's Liberation Army Navy is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army , the military of the People's Republic of China. Until the early 1990s, the navy performed a subordinate role to the PLA Land Forces. Since then, it has undergone rapid modernisation... 1954 as Anshan |
| Rezkiy (Brusque) | 1940 | 1942 | sold to China People's Liberation Army Navy The People's Liberation Army Navy is the naval branch of the People's Liberation Army , the military of the People's Republic of China. Until the early 1990s, the navy performed a subordinate role to the PLA Land Forces. Since then, it has undergone rapid modernisation... 1955 as Fushun |