HNRPAB
Encyclopedia
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B, also known as HNRPAB, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HNRPAB gene
. Although this gene is named HNRNPAB in reference to its first cloning as an RNA binding protein with similarity to HNRNP A
and HNRNP B, it is not a member of the HNRNP A/B subfamily of HNRNPs
, but groups together closely with HNRNPD/AUF1 and HNRNPDL.
(hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are produced by RNA polymerase II
and are components of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) complexes. They are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus
and the cytoplasm
. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene, which binds to one of the components of the multiprotein editosome complex, has two repeats of quasi-RRM (RNA recognition motif) domains that bind to RNAs. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
. Although this gene is named HNRNPAB in reference to its first cloning as an RNA binding protein with similarity to HNRNP A
HNRNPA0
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A0 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPA0 gene.-Further reading:...
and HNRNP B, it is not a member of the HNRNP A/B subfamily of HNRNPs
Heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins are complexes of RNA and protein present in the cell nucleus during gene transcription and subsequent post-transcriptional modification of the newly synthesized RNA . The presence of the proteins bound to a pre-mRNA molecule serves as a signal that the...
, but groups together closely with HNRNPD/AUF1 and HNRNPDL.
Function
This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteinsHeterogeneous ribonucleoprotein particle
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins are complexes of RNA and protein present in the cell nucleus during gene transcription and subsequent post-transcriptional modification of the newly synthesized RNA . The presence of the proteins bound to a pre-mRNA molecule serves as a signal that the...
(hnRNPs). The hnRNPs are produced by RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase II is an enzyme found in eukaryotic cells. It catalyzes the transcription of DNA to synthesize precursors of mRNA and most snRNA and microRNA. A 550 kDa complex of 12 subunits, RNAP II is the most studied type of RNA polymerase...
and are components of the heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) complexes. They are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus
Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell's genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these...
and the cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
The cytoplasm is a small gel-like substance residing between the cell membrane holding all the cell's internal sub-structures , except for the nucleus. All the contents of the cells of prokaryote organisms are contained within the cytoplasm...
. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene, which binds to one of the components of the multiprotein editosome complex, has two repeats of quasi-RRM (RNA recognition motif) domains that bind to RNAs. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene.