Haakon Sund
Encyclopedia
Haakon Ragnvald Olsen Sund (5 April 1873 – 31 December 1965) was a Norwegian
judge and prosecutor.
He took the cand.jur. degree in 1895, and became police chief in Bodø
in 1904. In 1913 he was promoted to Public Prosecutor in Nordland
. He then advanced further, to district stipendiary magistrate in Midhordland District Court in 1919, presiding judge in Frostating
and Gulating Court of Appeal
in 1926, and in 1929 he was appointed as the Norwegian Director of Public Prosecutions.
During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
, Sund was fired for anti-German sentiments. He was replaced by Jørgen Nordvik
in February 1941. On 12 April, three days after the German invasion
, Sund had signed radio broadcast announcements which quoted the Hague Conventions
on the laws of war, together with police chief of Oslo Kristian Welhaven
and mayor of Oslo Trygve Nilsen
. The same announcements warned that francs-tireurs
taking part in irregular fighting would be punishable by death in a court-martial
. The concern of Welhaven and the other dignitaries was that Norwegians would not know the regulations of the Hague Conventions nor understand the concept of being francs-tireurs, and be then court martialled by the Germans
Sund did not return to office after the war. Sund died in December 1965, and was buried at Vestre gravlund
.
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
judge and prosecutor.
He took the cand.jur. degree in 1895, and became police chief in Bodø
Bodø
is a city and a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the Salten region.The city of Bodø was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 . Bodin was merged with Bodø on 1 January 1968. Skjerstad was merged with Bodø on 1 January 2005...
in 1904. In 1913 he was promoted to Public Prosecutor in Nordland
Nordland
is a county in Norway in the North Norway region, bordering Troms in the north, Nord-Trøndelag in the south, Norrbottens län in Sweden to the east, Västerbottens län to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west. The county was formerly known as Nordlandene amt. The county administration is...
. He then advanced further, to district stipendiary magistrate in Midhordland District Court in 1919, presiding judge in Frostating
Frostating Court of Appeal
Frostating Court of Appeal is a court of appeal located in Trondheim, Norway. It serves as an appeal for the district courts in the counties of Nord-Trøndelag, Sør-Trøndelag and Møre og Romsdal....
and Gulating Court of Appeal
Gulating Court of Appeal
Gulating Court of Appeal is a Norwegian Court of Appeal.-Jurisdiction:Gulating Court of Appeal is based in Bergen, Norway. Gulating Court of Appeal holding many hearings in Stavanger and also maintains permanent offices in the Stavanger Courthouse....
in 1926, and in 1929 he was appointed as the Norwegian Director of Public Prosecutions.
During the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany started with the German invasion of Norway on April 9, 1940, and ended on May 8, 1945, after the capitulation of German forces in Europe. Throughout this period, Norway was continuously occupied by the Wehrmacht...
, Sund was fired for anti-German sentiments. He was replaced by Jørgen Nordvik
Jørgen Nordvik
Jørgen Kornelius Nordvik was a Norwegian jurist.He was a member of the party Nasjonal Samling before the Second World War, and worked as an attorney in Lillehammer. In 1940 he participated for Norway in battles near Høytorp Fortress. However, during the subsequent occupation of Norway by Nazi...
in February 1941. On 12 April, three days after the German invasion
Operation Weserübung
Operation Weserübung was the code name for Germany's assault on Denmark and Norway during the Second World War and the opening operation of the Norwegian Campaign...
, Sund had signed radio broadcast announcements which quoted the Hague Conventions
Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907)
The Hague Conventions were two international treaties negotiated at international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands: The First Hague Conference in 1899 and the Second Hague Conference in 1907...
on the laws of war, together with police chief of Oslo Kristian Welhaven
Kristian Welhaven
Kristian Welhaven was a Norwegian police officer. He was chief of police of Oslo for 27 years, from 1927 to 1954. He was a leading force in establishing an organized Norwegian intelligence service before World War II, and in re-establishing it after the war...
and mayor of Oslo Trygve Nilsen
Trygve Nilsen
Trygve Nilsen was a Norwegian civil servant and politician for the Labour Party.He was born in Kristiania, and was a mason by occupation. He was a member of Oslo city council from 1926 to 1940, serving as Mayor from 1935 to 1936 and 1936 to 1940...
. The same announcements warned that francs-tireurs
Francs-tireurs
Francs-tireurs – literally "free shooters" – was used to describe irregular military formations deployed by France during the early stages of the Franco-Prussian War...
taking part in irregular fighting would be punishable by death in a court-martial
Court-martial
A court-martial is a military court. A court-martial is empowered to determine the guilt of members of the armed forces subject to military law, and, if the defendant is found guilty, to decide upon punishment.Most militaries maintain a court-martial system to try cases in which a breach of...
. The concern of Welhaven and the other dignitaries was that Norwegians would not know the regulations of the Hague Conventions nor understand the concept of being francs-tireurs, and be then court martialled by the Germans
Sund did not return to office after the war. Sund died in December 1965, and was buried at Vestre gravlund
Vestre gravlund
Vestre gravlund is a cemetery in the Frogner borough of Oslo, Norway, located next to the Borgen metro station. At , it is the largest cemetery in Norway...
.