Haimen
Encyclopedia
Haimen is a county-level city
in the southeast of Jiangsu
province of Eastern China
. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River
to Shanghai
. Chonghai Bridge
links the city to Chongming County.
The county has a seat named Haimen Township. The town is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Haimen.
. Several sandbanks, including Dongzhou and Buzhou , joined together with the mainland in the Tang Dynasty
. In 958 CE, during the Later Zhou Dynasty
in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
, Haimen County was established, the seat established at Dongzhou Town.
Because the mouth of the Yangtze River moved northward during the Ming Dynasty
, Haimen has dealt with flooding that destroyed parts of the county, including Lüsi , Yudong , and Sijia .
In 1672, under Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty
, the seat moved to Jinghai Town . Starting from 1701, the river's course moved south, creating more than 40 new sandbanks. In 1768, the county became and independent subprefecture with the seat moving to Maojia Town .
In 1912, one year after the Republic of China
was founded, Haimen once again became a county. However, in 1949, when the People's Republic of China
was founded, Haimen became governed under Nantong Prefecture
. Once county-level governments started to reappear in 1983, Haimen was reinstated as a county, and in June 1994, Haimen became a county-level city
.
s and one township. These towns are further divided into 231 villages and three fishery villages.
system, Haimen has a humid subtropical climate
(Cwa). This means that Haimen experiences four distinct seasons; the summers are hot and the winters are cold. The summers are rainier than the other seasons, and the summer rains usually bring flooding.
The average temperature is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F) in Haimen. January is the coldest month, and July is the hottest month. The hottest temperature recorded in Haimen was 38 °C (100.4 °F), occurring on both August 7, 1966 and July 31, 1992. The coldest temperature ever recorded was -9.3 °C on January 31, 1977.
The average yearly rainfall is 1056.3 millimetres (41.6 in). The wettest year was 1975 with 1500.7 millimetres (59.1 in), and the driest year was 1978 with 654.6 millimetres (25.8 in).
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
in the southeast of Jiangsu
Jiangsu
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. The name comes from jiang, short for the city of Jiangning , and su, for the city of Suzhou. The abbreviation for this province is "苏" , the second character of its name...
province of Eastern China
East China
East China is a geographical and a loosely-defined cultural region that covers the eastern coastal area of China.Although an intangible and loosely defined concept, for administrative and governmental purposes, the region is defined by the government of the People's Republic of China to include...
. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
to Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
. Chonghai Bridge
Chonghai Bridge
Chonghai Bridge is a bridge, located at , spanning the northern distributary of the Yangtze River in China that is currently under construction...
links the city to Chongming County.
The county has a seat named Haimen Township. The town is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Haimen.
History
The area that is now Haimen was formed from silt deposits from the Yangtze RiverYangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...
. Several sandbanks, including Dongzhou and Buzhou , joined together with the mainland in the Tang Dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...
. In 958 CE, during the Later Zhou Dynasty
Later Zhou Dynasty
The Later Zhou Dynasty was the last a succession of five dynasties that controlled most of northern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, which lasted from 907 to 960 and bridged the gap between the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.-Founding of the Dynasty:Guo Wei, a Han...
in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms was between 907–960/979 AD and an era of political upheaval in China, between the fall of the Tang Dynasty and the founding of the Song Dynasty. During this period, five dynasties quickly succeeded one another in the north, and more than 12 independent states were...
, Haimen County was established, the seat established at Dongzhou Town.
Because the mouth of the Yangtze River moved northward during the Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty
The Ming Dynasty, also Empire of the Great Ming, was the ruling dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644, following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan Dynasty. The Ming, "one of the greatest eras of orderly government and social stability in human history", was the last dynasty in China ruled by ethnic...
, Haimen has dealt with flooding that destroyed parts of the county, including Lüsi , Yudong , and Sijia .
In 1672, under Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The Qing Dynasty was the last dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming Dynasty and followed by the Republic of China....
, the seat moved to Jinghai Town . Starting from 1701, the river's course moved south, creating more than 40 new sandbanks. In 1768, the county became and independent subprefecture with the seat moving to Maojia Town .
In 1912, one year after the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
was founded, Haimen once again became a county. However, in 1949, when the People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
was founded, Haimen became governed under Nantong Prefecture
Nantong
Nantong is a prefecture-level city in Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. Located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, near the river mouth, Nantong is a vital river port bordering Yancheng to the north, Taizhou to the west, Suzhou and Shanghai to the south across the river, and...
. Once county-level governments started to reappear in 1983, Haimen was reinstated as a county, and in June 1994, Haimen became a county-level city
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
.
Administrative divisions
Haimen is divided into twenty-one townTown (China)
When referring to political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 鎮 . It is a fourth-level administrative unit, i.e...
s and one township. These towns are further divided into 231 villages and three fishery villages.
Climate
According to the Köppen climate classificationKöppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...
system, Haimen has a humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
(Cwa). This means that Haimen experiences four distinct seasons; the summers are hot and the winters are cold. The summers are rainier than the other seasons, and the summer rains usually bring flooding.
The average temperature is 15.2 °C (59.4 °F) in Haimen. January is the coldest month, and July is the hottest month. The hottest temperature recorded in Haimen was 38 °C (100.4 °F), occurring on both August 7, 1966 and July 31, 1992. The coldest temperature ever recorded was -9.3 °C on January 31, 1977.
The average yearly rainfall is 1056.3 millimetres (41.6 in). The wettest year was 1975 with 1500.7 millimetres (59.1 in), and the driest year was 1978 with 654.6 millimetres (25.8 in).