Nantong
Encyclopedia
Nantong is a prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...

 in Jiangsu
Jiangsu
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located along the east coast of the country. The name comes from jiang, short for the city of Jiangning , and su, for the city of Suzhou. The abbreviation for this province is "苏" , the second character of its name...

 province, People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...

. Located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...

, near the river mouth, Nantong is a vital river port bordering Yancheng
Yancheng
Yancheng is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. The city with the largest jurisdiction area in Jiangsu, Yancheng borders Lianyungang to the north, Huai'an to the west, Yangzhou and Taizhou to the southwest, Nantong to the south, and looks out to...

 to the north, Taizhou
Taizhou, Jiangsu
Taizhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu province of eastern China. Situated on the north bank of the Yangtze River, it borders Nantong to the east, Yancheng to the north and Yangzhou to the west....

 to the west, Suzhou
Suzhou
Suzhou , previously transliterated as Su-chou, Suchow, and Soochow, is a major city located in the southeast of Jiangsu Province in Eastern China, located adjacent to Shanghai Municipality. The city is situated on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the shores of Taihu Lake and is a part...

 and Shanghai to the south across the river, and the East China Sea
East China Sea
The East China Sea is a marginal sea east of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean and covers an area of 1,249,000 km² or 750,000 square miles.-Geography:...

 to the east.
The population is 7,282,835 at the 2010 census whom 1,994,708 live in the built up area made of 3 urban districts.

Administration

The prefecture-level city
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...

 of Nantong administers 8 county-level divisions, including 3 districts and 3 county-level cities
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....

 and 2 counties.
  • Chongchuan District
    Chongchuan District
    Chongchuan District is a district of Nantong in Jiangsu Province. The district has an area of 67 km² and as of 2001 the population was around 620,000....

     (崇川区)
  • Gangzha District
    Gangzha District
    Gangzha District is a district of Nantong in Jiangsu Province. The district has an area of 134 km² and as of 2001 the population was around 180,000....

     (港闸区)
  • Tongzhou District
    Tongzhou District, Nantong
    Tongzhou District is a district of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Nantong city. It was formerly a county-level city , but in 2010, Nantong annexed Tongzhou. It has a population of 1246400 until the end of 2010.-Local Culture:...

     (通州区)
  • Rugao
    Rugao
    Rugao is a city of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China, located in the Golden Triangle region in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It is one of the historical and cultural city of Jiangsu province....

     City (如皋市)
  • Haimen
    Haimen
    Haimen is a county-level city in the southeast of Jiangsu province of Eastern China. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River to Shanghai. Chonghai Bridge links the city to Chongming County.The county has a seat named Haimen Township...

     City (海门市)
  • Qidong City (启东市)
  • Hai'an County
    Hai'an County
    Hai'an County is a county-level city administered by Nantong in Jiangsu Province.The total area of the county is 1169 square kilometers and as of 2001 the population was 959,800. The postal code is 226600 and the telephone code is 0513.Hai'an county includes 14 towns...

     (海安县)
  • Rudong County
    Rudong County
    Rudong County is a county in Nantong, Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China. It is located on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, opposite Shanghai. It includes 14 towns and 5 districts...

     (如东县)


These are further divided into 146 township-level divisions.

History

Because the coast of the East China Sea
East China Sea
The East China Sea is a marginal sea east of China. It is a part of the Pacific Ocean and covers an area of 1,249,000 km² or 750,000 square miles.-Geography:...

 is constantly moving eastward as the Yangtze River
Yangtze River
The Yangtze, Yangzi or Cháng Jiāng is the longest river in Asia, and the third-longest in the world. It flows for from the glaciers on the Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai eastward across southwest, central and eastern China before emptying into the East China Sea at Shanghai. It is also one of the...

 adds silt to its delta, the distance between Nantong and the seashore is getting farther than the one in ancient times. From the time of the Han dynasty
Han Dynasty
The Han Dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China, preceded by the Qin Dynasty and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms . It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han. It was briefly interrupted by the Xin Dynasty of the former regent Wang Mang...

 through to the Tang dynasty
Tang Dynasty
The Tang Dynasty was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui Dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period. It was founded by the Li family, who seized power during the decline and collapse of the Sui Empire...

, what is now called Nantong was a minor county subordinate to Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...

. By 958 AD a city of sufficient importance had developed for a new, independent prefecture called Tongzhou ("Opening Prefecture", possibly from its position near the mouth of the Yangtse) to be created. The increasing wealth of Yangzhou
Yangzhou
Yangzhou is a prefecture-level city in central Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China. Sitting on the northern bank of the Yangtze River, it borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the southwest, Huai'an to the north, Yancheng to the northeast, Taizhou to the east, and Zhenjiang across...

 caused Tongzhou to be once again eclipsed as an administrative centre in 1368. When Tongzhou finally regained prefecture status in 1724, it was renamed Nantong ("Southern Tong") to avoid confusion with another Tongzhou, located near Beijing.

The prosperity of Nantong has traditionally depended on salt production on the nearby seacoast, rice and cotton agriculture, and especially the production of cotton textiles. A local statesman and industrialist named Zhang Jian
Zhang Jian (politician)
Zhang Jian , courtesy name Jizhi , sobriquet Se'an , was a Chinese entrepreneur, politician and educationist.-Biography:Zhang was born in Haimen County, Jiangsu Province in 1853...

 (Chang Chien) founded Nantong's first modern cotton mills in 1899, then developed an industrial complex that included flour, oil, and silk reeling mills, a distillery, and a machine shop. He also founded a shipping line and reclaimed saline agricultural land to the east of Nantong for cotton production. By 1911, Nantong was commonly called "Zhang Jian's Kingdom".

Although suffering from the economic depression of the 1930s and the Japanese occupation of the 1930s and 40s, Nantong has remained an important centre for the textile industry. Because of its deep-water harbour and connections to inland navigational canals, it was one of 14 port cities opened to foreign investment in the recent economic reforms.

Geography and climate

Nantong has a humid subtropical climate
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...

 (Köppen
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by Crimea German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen himself, notably in 1918 and 1936...

 Cfa), with four distinct seasons. Winters are chilly and damp, and cold northwesterly winds caused by the Siberian high
Siberian High
The Siberian High is a massive collection of cold or very cold dry air that accumulates on the Eurasian terrain for much of the year. It reaches its greatest size and strength in the winter, when the air temperature near the center of the high-pressure cell or anticyclone is often lower than...

 can force temperatures to fall below freezing at night; however, snowfall is otherwise uncommon. Summers are hot and humid, and downpours or freak thunderstorms can be expected. Monthly daily average temperatures range from 3.1 °C (37.6 °F) in January to 27.2 °C (81 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 15.3 °C (59.5 °F). With the plum rains in June and early July comes the rainiest part of the year.

Dialect

Nantong natives speak a Northern Wu Chinese dialect; some natives in southern parts speak similarly to that of nearby Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...

.

Nantong city and its 6 counties (or county-level cities) are rich in its diversity of languages. People in the city of Nantong speak a unique dialect which sounds nothing like Mandarin or any other dialects, and it is also distinctively different from any surrounding dialects. About 2 million people in southern parts of Tongzhou
Tongzhou District, Nantong
Tongzhou District is a district of Jiangsu, China. It is under the administration of Nantong city. It was formerly a county-level city , but in 2010, Nantong annexed Tongzhou. It has a population of 1246400 until the end of 2010.-Local Culture:...

, Haimen
Haimen
Haimen is a county-level city in the southeast of Jiangsu province of Eastern China. It is located at the opposite side of the Yangtze River to Shanghai. Chonghai Bridge links the city to Chongming County.The county has a seat named Haimen Township...

 and Qidong speak the Wu dialect, which is often referred to as "Qi-hai Hua" , meaning Qidong-Haimen speech. It is about the same as the dialect spoken on the island of Chongming
Chongming
Chongming County is the only county under the jurisdiction of Shanghai, China. The county consists of three main islands: Chongming Island ; Changxing Island; and Hengsha Island. These are low-lying alluvial islands in the mouth of the Yangtze River. With an area of , Chongming Island is listed as...

, which is a part of Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...

 city. People in northern parts of these counties speak "Tongdong Hua" (tōngdōnghuà ), meaning Eastern Tong Talk. People in Rugao, Hai'an speak other dialects.

Some people believe criminals who were living in Mongolia or Tibet moved to Nantong when the land was first formed hundreds years ago. Hence it is said that a small group in Mongolia
Mongolia
Mongolia is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest...

 or Tibet
Tibet
Tibet is a plateau region in Asia, north-east of the Himalayas. It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people as well as some other ethnic groups such as Monpas, Qiang, and Lhobas, and is now also inhabited by considerable numbers of Han and Hui people...

 speak the same dialect as people in the city of Nantong do.

Tourism

The Haohe River, known as the Emerald Necklace of Nantong, surrounds the old city with a total length of 15 km. Most scenery lines this river.
Popular tourist sites include Langshan ("Wolf hill"). This hill of about 110 metres elevation right next to the Yangtze River is worth a visit.
On top of the hill is a Buddhist temple dedicated to a Song dynasty
Song Dynasty
The Song Dynasty was a ruling dynasty in China between 960 and 1279; it succeeded the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period, and was followed by the Yuan Dynasty. It was the first government in world history to issue banknotes or paper money, and the first Chinese government to establish a...

 monk. Because of the monk's legendary powers over water demons, sailors pray to him for protection on their voyages.

The Cao Gong Zhu Memorial Temple commemorates a local hero who defended the city against Japanese pirates in 1557.

Shuihuiyuang Garden, meaning Water Garden, is a unique Hui-styled garden in all China classic gardens.
Some famous people's tombs are there, such as Luo Binwang, a famous poet of Tang Dynasty; Wen Tianxiang, the national hero of NanSong Dynasty; Zhangqian, the Number One Scholar in the late Qing Dynasty,a modern industrialist, also an educationalist and so on.

Economy

Nantong was traditionally an agricultural land and an old site for salt-making in history. Its principal agricultural products include cotton, rice, wheat, fishing, fruit, and more. Currently, the city is making more efforts to upgrade its farming sectors and increase production of organic foods.

Nantong is one of the 14 port cities opened to foreign investment projects under China's current policies of modernization. Nantong was a traditional industrial city of China back in early time of its history from salt to cotton textile productions. From Mr Zhang Jian’s first cotton mill to today’s industrial corporations, Nantong has been a new industrial hub in the north of Jiangsu since it opened its door to the outside world two decades earlier. With its excellent geographic location and the completion of two Yangtze River bridges, the prefecture jurisdiction is attracting more investment funding nationwide. Many of these investments come also from many international corporations. In October 2007, Singapore RGM International signed an agreement with Rudong, a county under Nantong's jurisdiction, to invest a port project, costing 9 billion Yuan or 1.33 billion USD at Rudong Yangkou Port.
Today, Nantong is one of the fast-growing coastal cities in China. With the openings of Sutong Bridge in April 2008 and Chonghai Bridge
Chonghai Bridge
Chonghai Bridge is a bridge, located at , spanning the northern distributary of the Yangtze River in China that is currently under construction...

 in 2009, the city has been listed as the number one city in the Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone
Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone
Yangtze River Delta Economic Zone or Yangtze River Delta Economic Region is an economic region in China that encompasses Shanghai municipality, Zhejiang and Jiangsu province...

 for foreign investment, surpassing even its all rivals including Suzhou, Hangzhou and Nanjing.
Economic growth and environmental conservation have always seemed like two different approaches. As a sprawling metropolis, Nantong has experienced environment damage from its industrialization. The municipal government has been putting more stiff environmental policies into practice over years and has spent tremendous funds to curb the pollution and to plane more trees along its roads. The city is shutting down more factories that do not meet the environment laws.

Nantong has developed rapidly in the last 25 years, as have most of the cities in the Yangtze River Delta
Yangtze River Delta
The Yangtze River Delta, Yangtze Delta or YRD, also called Yangzi, or Chang Jiang Delta, Rive Chang Delta Tai Lake Region or the Golden Triangle of the Yangtze, generally comprises the triangular-shaped territory of Wu-speaking Shanghai, southern Jiangsu province and northern Zhejiang province of...

. Usually, Nantong's rapid economic growth is attributed to its advantageous location just north of Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...

. Nantong's Sutong Bridge is expected to further Nantong's integration with Shanghai, cutting transportation time between the cities down to one hour from three hours.

The shipping corporation Cosco
COSCO
China Ocean Shipping Company, known as COSCO or COSCO Group, is one of the largest liner shipping companies worldwide. It is a government owned company of the People's Republic of China...

 has a large port and ship repair yards on the river. Cosco (Nantong) Shipyard Co., Ltd, the first shipyard of the Cosco group, is adjacent to the busy port of Nantong. The yard has 1120 m of coastline and is equipped with one Cape-size and one Panamax size floating dock. Cosco (Nantong) Shipyard handles approximately 150 vessels per year and has kept first position among Chinese shipyards in turnover and customer feedback.

Nantong has five KFC stores and one McDonald's.

Some companies in Nantong:
  • Empire Clothing Co. Ltd. - Manufacturer of garments for men, women and children. Products gallery.
  • Nantong No.2 Yarn-dyed Weaving Mill - Cloth and garment manufacturer.
  • Nantong Taierte Clothing Co. Ltd. - Textile production and processing.
  • Nantong Freezing Equipment Factory - Refrigeration and quick freezing equipment for the food industry.
  • Nantong Printing and Dyeing Co. Ltd. - Textile processor. Product specifications.
  • Nantong Suzhong Textile Co. Ltd. - Yarn and thread manufacturer. Product specifications.
  • Nantong General Pharmaceutical Factory - Manufacturer of pharmaceutical materials such as tablets, capsules and injections. Product specifications.
  • Nantong Xiaoxing Transformer Co., Ltd. -Various range of electric transformers
  • Nantong Fujitsu Microelectronics Co Ltd

Industrial zones

  • Nantong Economic & Technological Development Area

Established in 1984, Nantong Economic & Technological Development Area (NETDA) was one of the first state-level development zones approved by the Central Government and has been certified as an ISO 14000 National Demonstration Zone. The zone benefits from superior transportation facilities by both rail and road. NETDA has direct links to two railways - the Xinyi-Changxing Railway and the Nanjing-Qidong Railway. Su-Tong Yangtze River Bridge feeds into the centre of NETDA and connects the Nanjing-Nantong and Yancheng-Nantong Expressways to the north, and Shanghai-Nanjiang and Suzhou-Jiaxing-Hangzhou Expressways and Riverside Expressways to the south.

NETDA includes several subsidiary zones including Nantong Export Processing Zone, New Material Park, Opto-mechatronics Industrial Park and NETDA Business Park. Special incentives are offered for investments n the areas of modern equipment manufacturing, new materials, engineering, fine chemicals, new medicines, new energy and modern services. At present, NETDA has attracted a large number of renowned companies to settle in Nantong, such as Vonnex Allied IT Services, OJI Paper, Johnson Controls, ITOCHU and TSRC Corporation.

Established in 2009, STP is one of Jiangsu Province coastal development key projects. It’s also the cooperated park between Suzhou and Nantong linked crossing the River. Planned area is 50 square kilometers developed in three phases. The first phase is 9.5 square kilometers.Its strategic position is "An International Enterprise Park and Eco-friendly City in Yangtze Delta".
  • Nantong Export Processing Zone

Nantong Export Processing Zone (NTEPZ) is situated in Nantong Economic and Technological Development Area with a planned area 2.98 square kilometers. The Tong-Qi canal marks its western and northern boundaries, the Dongfang Avenue and Fuxin Road marking its eastern and southern boundary respectively, the NTPEZ is located at a hub of communications, adjoining the main coastal artery of communications between north and south, close to the estuary of Yangze River, and only 8 kilometers to the Su(Suzhou)-Tong(Nangtong)Changjiang Bridge.RightSite.asia | Nantong Export Processing Zone

Rail

The Nanjing-Qidong (Ningqi) and Xinyi-Changxing (Xinchang) Railways intersect in Nantong.

Education

Nantong is the city that hosts a comprehensive university, Nantong University (made by former Nantong Medical College, former Nantong Normal College and former Nantong Engineer College). The higher education institution includes 21 schools and has a number of total 22,000 students registered in 2007.

Nantong has contributed to China's education development with several firsts: establishment of the first school for teacher training; the first folk museum; the first school of the textile industry; the first school of embroidery; the first drama school; and the first school for the deaf and blind.

The "King of Nantong", Zhang Jian
Zhang Jian (politician)
Zhang Jian , courtesy name Jizhi , sobriquet Se'an , was a Chinese entrepreneur, politician and educationist.-Biography:Zhang was born in Haimen County, Jiangsu Province in 1853...

, founded the first teacher-training schools in China at Nantong. These eventually merged with his agricultural, industrial, and medical schools to become Nantong University
Nantong University
Nantong University , colloquially known in Chinese as Tong da , was established in 1912. The university is located in Nantong, Jiangsu province, China.-External links:*...

. Zhang also founded museums, libraries, and theatres, making Nantong into an important cultural centre.

The city has well instituted compulsory primary education system.
The secondary schools including high schools achieves significant graduate rate.
Its adult vocational education system has brought diverse programs to its labor forces.
  • primary schools (incomplete list):
    • No 2. Affiliated Primary School of Nantong Normal school.


  • Universities and colleges:
    • Nantong University
      Nantong University
      Nantong University , colloquially known in Chinese as Tong da , was established in 1912. The university is located in Nantong, Jiangsu province, China.-External links:*...


  • International Schools
    • Nantong International School
      Nantong International School
      Nantong International School is a newly established international school catering for the children of expatriates living in Nantong. The school is the result of a collaboration between the Nantong Economic and Technological Development Area and the China Singapore International Education Service...


Social Welfare Institute

Established in 1906, Nantong Social Welfare Institute was originally created by Zhang Jian as a house for orphans, the aged, and the disabled.

Located on the banks of the Haohe, the institute has an area of 13.2 mu
Chinese units of measurement
Chinese units of measurement are the customary and traditional units of measure used in China. In the People's Republic of China, the units were re-standardised during the late 20th century to make them approximate SI units. Many of the units were formerly based on the number 16 instead of 10...

 (8,800 m²), with beautiful scenery and relaxing surroundings. At present, the staff has 79 staff members who care for 170 orphans, widows and handicapped children, plus 70 retirees. The current director's name is Jia Gui Lin.

Address:
Nantong Social Welfare Institute
No. 5 Yang Lao Yuan Lane
Nantong, Jiangsu Province
China 226006

Twin towns — Sister cities

Nantong is twinned
Town twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...

 with:
City Region/Nation Sovereign State Year
Swansea
Swansea
Swansea is a coastal city and county in Wales. Swansea is in the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. Situated on the sandy South West Wales coast, the county area includes the Gower Peninsula and the Lliw uplands...

 Wales  United Kingdom 1987
Toyohashi
Toyohashi, Aichi
is a city located in Aichi Prefecture, Japan.The city was founded on August 1, 1906. As of January 1, 2010, the city has an estimated population of 383,691 and a density of 1,468.62 persons per km². The total area is . By size, Toyohashi was Aichi Prefecture's second-largest city until March 31,...

 Aichi Prefecture  Japan 1987
Izumi
Izumi, Osaka
is a city located in Osaka, Japan.The city was founded on September 1, 1956.As of 2010, the city has an estimated population of 181,935 and the density of 2,140 persons per km². The total area is 84.98 km². It is the last station on the Semboku Kousoku monorail line (泉北高速鉄道) at Izumi Chuo...

 Osaka Prefecture  Japan 1993
Jersey City
Jersey City, New Jersey
Jersey City is the seat of Hudson County, New Jersey, United States.Part of the New York metropolitan area, Jersey City lies between the Hudson River and Upper New York Bay across from Lower Manhattan and the Hackensack River and Newark Bay...

 New Jersey  United States 1996
Troisdorf
Troisdorf
Troisdorf is a town in the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis , in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.-Geography:Troisdorf is located approx. 22 kilometers south of Cologne and 13 kilometers north east of Bonn.-Division of the town:...

 North Rhine-Westphalia  Germany 1997
Gimje
Gimje
Gimje is a city in North Jeolla Province, South Korea.-History:Gimje area has been cultivated since ancient times.Nations of early date ascend in year 200...

Jeollabuk-do
Jeollabuk-do
Jeollabuk-do is a province in the southwest of South Korea. The province was formed in 1896 from the northern half of the former Jeolla province, and remained a province of Korea until the country's division in 1945, then became part of South Korea...

 South Korea 1997
Civitavecchia
Civitavecchia
Civitavecchia is a town and comune of the province of Rome in the central Italian region of Lazio. A sea port on the Tyrrhenian Sea, it is located 80 kilometers west-north-west of Rome, across the Mignone river. The harbor is formed by two piers and a breakwater, on which is a lighthouse...

 Latium  Italy 1999
Rimouski  Quebec  Canada 2003
São José do Rio Preto
São José do Rio Preto
São José do Rio Preto is a city and municipality in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Is located at the north/northwest portion of the state, 450 km from the city of São Paulo and 700 km from Brasília....

 São Paulo (state)  Brazil 2010


External links

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