Hanaton
Encyclopedia
Hanaton is a kibbutz
in northern Israel
. Located twelve kilometers north of Nazareth
near the Arab
town of Shefaram, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council
. In 2006 it had a population of 250.
name Hanaton appears in the Book of Joshua
(19:14), where it is listed as in the area of the tribe of Zevulun
, forming the border with the tribe of Asher
's area.
, an archaeological site associated with the biblical location lies to the west of the kibbutz. The tel
is in the western end of the Beit Netofa Valley
, and covers an area of roughly 100 dunam
(25 acres. It was occupied from the Bronze Age
through the Ottoman Empire
.
. Southwest of the kibbutz, across highway 79, lies Alon HaGalil
.
first kibbutz, Yahel
, a group of students affiliated with the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City
decided to establish a kibbutz for members of the Conservative movement
. Gar'in Nitzan recruited members from across the United States and joined forces with the Israeli branch of Conservative Judaism, the Masorti
movement. In Israel, the Masorti movement hired rabbi Ehud Bandel to organize high school seniors interested in joining a Nahal
gar'in. On 1 September 1983, Gar'in Noam (30 members, aged 18-19) moved to Kfar HaHoresh
for training. They were joined by Gar'in Nitzan (40 members, aged 19-35, including several families with small children). In September 1984, the founders moved into the new kibbutz, which was named for a biblical
town that existed in the area and is mentioned in the Book of Joshua
. The founders were later joined by immigrants from South Africa
, South America
, the Netherlands
, and Canada
. In 1997 the United Kibbutz Movement began to send HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed
groups to the kibbutz, but they have not been accepted as full-fledged members for ideological reasons.
In 2006, in the wake of financial difficulties, attorney Sagi Mirom was appointed as a dissolution trustee
. Under his stewardship the annual deficit of 80,000 NIS
(about $22,000 US at the time) was reversed, and the kibbutz recovered economically.
In 2008, it was decided to recharter Hanaton as a "renewed kibbutz" . Since March 2011, the kibbutz has been accepting new members and
new housing units are under construction.
and a state-of-the-art chicken coop
where chicken
and turkey
hatchling
s are raised in a controlled, computerized environment. It grows greenhouse tomatoes, table grape
s and grapefruit
s. A primary source of income is the Education & Lodging Center that provides lodging and workshops for Conservative
Jewish youth groups from North America
.
Kibbutz
A kibbutz is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture. Today, farming has been partly supplanted by other economic branches, including industrial plants and high-tech enterprises. Kibbutzim began as utopian communities, a combination of socialism and Zionism...
in northern Israel
Israel
The State of Israel is a parliamentary republic located in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea...
. Located twelve kilometers north of Nazareth
Nazareth
Nazareth is the largest city in the North District of Israel. Known as "the Arab capital of Israel," the population is made up predominantly of Palestinian Arab citizens of Israel...
near the Arab
Arab
Arab people, also known as Arabs , are a panethnicity primarily living in the Arab world, which is located in Western Asia and North Africa. They are identified as such on one or more of genealogical, linguistic, or cultural grounds, with tribal affiliations, and intra-tribal relationships playing...
town of Shefaram, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council
Jezreel Valley Regional Council
Jezreel Valley Regional Council is a regional council in northern Israel that encompasses most of the settlements in the Jezreel Valley. It includes 15 kibbutzim, 15 moshavim, 6 communal settlements and two Bedouin villages...
. In 2006 it had a population of 250.
Etymology
The biblicalBible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
name Hanaton appears in the Book of Joshua
Book of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
(19:14), where it is listed as in the area of the tribe of Zevulun
Tribe of Zebulun
According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Zebulun was one of the Tribes of Israel....
, forming the border with the tribe of Asher
Tribe of Asher
According to the Hebrew Bible, the Tribe of Asher! was one of the Tribes of Israel.Following the completion of the conquest of Canaan by the Israelite tribes after about 1200 BCE, Joshua allocated the land among the twelve tribes...
's area.
Archaeology
Tel HanatonTel Hanaton
Tel Hanaton is a Bronze Age Tel situated at the Western edge of the Beit Netofa Valley in The Western Lower Galilee region of Israel, 2 km South of the Town of Kfar Manda and 1 km ENE of the modern settlement which took its name, Kibbutz Hanaton.-Etymology of Hanaton:For much of the...
, an archaeological site associated with the biblical location lies to the west of the kibbutz. The tel
Tell
A tell or tel, is a type of archaeological mound created by human occupation and abandonment of a geographical site over many centuries. A classic tell looks like a low, truncated cone with a flat top and sloping sides.-Archaeology:A tell is a hill created by different civilizations living and...
is in the western end of the Beit Netofa Valley
Beit Netofa Valley
The Beit Netofa Valley is a valley in the Lower Galilee region of Israel, midway between Tiberias and Haifa. Covering 46 km2, it is the largest valley in the Galilee and one of the largest in the southern Levant...
, and covers an area of roughly 100 dunam
Dunam
A dunam or dönüm, dunum, donum, dynym, dulum was a non-SI unit of land area used in the Ottoman Empire and representing the amount of land that can be plowed in a day; its value varied from 900–2500 m²...
(25 acres. It was occupied from the Bronze Age
Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a period characterized by the use of copper and its alloy bronze as the chief hard materials in the manufacture of some implements and weapons. Chronologically, it stands between the Stone Age and Iron Age...
through the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
.
Geography
Kibbutz Hanaton overlooks Lake Eshkol, an important component of the National Water Carrier (Lake Eshkol is a 4.5 million m3 reservoir which Hanaton overlooks at the end of the Beit Netofa Canal). To the north of the kibbutz is the Arab village of Kafr MandaKafr Manda
Kafr Manda or Kfar Menda is an Israeli-Arab town in the Lower Galilee on the slopes of Mount Atzmon in Israel's North District. Kafr Manda is northwest of the city of Nazareth. It had a population of 15,000 in 2005, the majority of them Muslim Arabs....
. Southwest of the kibbutz, across highway 79, lies Alon HaGalil
Alon HaGalil
Alon HaGalil is a communal settlement in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2006, it had a population of 944....
.
History
In the 1980s, inspired by the Reform movement'sReform Judaism
Reform Judaism refers to various beliefs, practices and organizations associated with the Reform Jewish movement in North America, the United Kingdom and elsewhere. In general, it maintains that Judaism and Jewish traditions should be modernized and should be compatible with participation in the...
first kibbutz, Yahel
Yahel
Yahel may refer to:* Yahel, a kibbutz near Eilat in the far south of Israel* Yahel Castillo , Mexican diver* Yahel Sherman , trance producer and DJ from Israel* Yinon Yahel...
, a group of students affiliated with the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City
New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and...
decided to establish a kibbutz for members of the Conservative movement
Conservative Judaism
Conservative Judaism is a modern stream of Judaism that arose out of intellectual currents in Germany in the mid-19th century and took institutional form in the United States in the early 1900s.Conservative Judaism has its roots in the school of thought known as Positive-Historical Judaism,...
. Gar'in Nitzan recruited members from across the United States and joined forces with the Israeli branch of Conservative Judaism, the Masorti
Masorti
The Masorti Movement is the name given to Conservative Judaism in Israel and other countries outside Canada and U.S. Masorti means "traditional" in Hebrew...
movement. In Israel, the Masorti movement hired rabbi Ehud Bandel to organize high school seniors interested in joining a Nahal
Nahal
Nahal is an Israel Defense Forces infantry brigade. Historically, it refers to a program that combines military service and establishment of new agricultural settlements, often in outlying areas...
gar'in. On 1 September 1983, Gar'in Noam (30 members, aged 18-19) moved to Kfar HaHoresh
Kfar HaHoresh
Kfar HaHoresh is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located near Nazareth, it falls under the jurisdiction of Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2006 it had a population of 423....
for training. They were joined by Gar'in Nitzan (40 members, aged 19-35, including several families with small children). In September 1984, the founders moved into the new kibbutz, which was named for a biblical
Bible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
town that existed in the area and is mentioned in the Book of Joshua
Book of Joshua
The Book of Joshua is the sixth book in the Hebrew Bible and of the Old Testament. Its 24 chapters tell of the entry of the Israelites into Canaan, their conquest and division of the land under the leadership of Joshua, and of serving God in the land....
. The founders were later joined by immigrants from South Africa
South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country in southern Africa. Located at the southern tip of Africa, it is divided into nine provinces, with of coastline on the Atlantic and Indian oceans...
, South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
, and Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
. In 1997 the United Kibbutz Movement began to send HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed
Hanoar Haoved Vehalomed
Histadrut HaNoar HaOved VeHaLomed , sometimes abbreiviated to No'al is an Israeli youth movement, a sister movement of Habonim Dror, the Labor Zionist movement....
groups to the kibbutz, but they have not been accepted as full-fledged members for ideological reasons.
In 2006, in the wake of financial difficulties, attorney Sagi Mirom was appointed as a dissolution trustee
Trustee
Trustee is a legal term which, in its broadest sense, can refer to any person who holds property, authority, or a position of trust or responsibility for the benefit of another...
. Under his stewardship the annual deficit of 80,000 NIS
Israeli new sheqel
The Israeli New Shekel is the currency of the State of Israel. The shekel is divided into 100 agorot...
(about $22,000 US at the time) was reversed, and the kibbutz recovered economically.
In 2008, it was decided to recharter Hanaton as a "renewed kibbutz" . Since March 2011, the kibbutz has been accepting new members and
new housing units are under construction.
Economy
In its early years, the kibbutz engaged in agriculture. A small crafts business, Hadran, manufactures rug kits. The kibbutz operates a dairy in partnership with Kibbutz GatGat (kibbutz)
Gat is a kibbutz near Kiryat Gat, Israel. It belongs to Yoav Regional Council.Kibbutz Gat was founded in 1934 by Jewish immigrants from Poland, Yugoslavia and Austria. In 1948, some of the lands of the nearby Arab village of Iraq al-Manshiyya were transferred to the kibbutz. Primor, one of...
and a state-of-the-art chicken coop
Chicken coop
A chicken coop is a building where female chickens are kept. Inside there are often nest boxes for egg laying and perches on which the birds can sleep, although coops for meat birds seldom have either of these features....
where chicken
Chicken
The chicken is a domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the Red Junglefowl. As one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, and with a population of more than 24 billion in 2003, there are more chickens in the world than any other species of bird...
and turkey
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
hatchling
Hatchling
In oviparous biology, a hatchling is the newborn of animals that develop and emerge from within hard-shell eggs. The offspring of birds are often hatched naked and with their eyes closed. The hatchling relies totally on its parents for feeding and warmth. Hatchlings precede nestlings in the chick's...
s are raised in a controlled, computerized environment. It grows greenhouse tomatoes, table grape
Table grape
Table grapes are grapes intended for consumption while they are fresh, as opposed to grapes grown for wine production, juice production, or for drying into raisins....
s and grapefruit
Grapefruit
The grapefruit , is a subtropical citrus tree known for its sour fruit, an 18th-century hybrid first bred in Barbados. When found, it was named the "forbidden fruit"; it has also been misidentified with the pomelo or shaddock , one of the parents of this hybrid, the other being sweet orange The...
s. A primary source of income is the Education & Lodging Center that provides lodging and workshops for Conservative
Conservative Judaism
Conservative Judaism is a modern stream of Judaism that arose out of intellectual currents in Germany in the mid-19th century and took institutional form in the United States in the early 1900s.Conservative Judaism has its roots in the school of thought known as Positive-Historical Judaism,...
Jewish youth groups from North America
North America
North America is a continent wholly within the Northern Hemisphere and almost wholly within the Western Hemisphere. It is also considered a northern subcontinent of the Americas...
.