Hangchow University Historic Site
Encyclopedia
Hangchow University Historic Site is a famous National Historic Site & Cultural Heritage under State Protection of the People's Republic of China.
, Zhejiang Province, and close to the Qiantang River
and the Liuhe Pagoda
. It currently located in (and is a part of) the Zhijiang Campus of Zhejiang University
, and the university manages its daily operation. The site has very beautiful landscapes and architectures. It became a national key historic site mainly due to its precious architectures of the Republic of China
Era (1912 - 1949)
, which has a special combination of both the Western
and Chinese architectural
styles.
, and the Hangchow is the old English translational form for the present Hangzhou) was also a root of current modern Zhejiang University. It was one of the thirteen most well-known Protestant universities in China's modern history before 1951.
The history of Hangchow University can be traced back to 1845. A [minister] named Divie Bethune McCartee
of American Presbyterians (North, PN) first founded the Ningpo Boy’s Academy / Boarding School (崇信義塾 / 崇信义塾; Chinese literal signification: Public School of Esteeming Faith; Ningpo stands for present Ningbo) in Ningbo
, Zhejiang Province. 1867, the school was moved into Hangzhou
and changed its name into Hangchow Presbyterian Boys' School (育英義塾 / 育英义塾; Chinese literal signification: Public School for Educating Elites).
1897, the school opened courses for higher education
, and became a college, named Hangchow Presbyterian College (育英書院 / 育英书院). 1914, its name was changed into Hangchow Christian College (之江大學 / 之江大学). 1909, the Presbyterian Church in the United States
also participated in the college's daily operation. During the Northern Expedition (1926–1927) period, the college was ceased for a while. 1931, the government renamed the college as the (Private) Hangchow College of Sciences and Humanities (私立之江文理學院 / 私立之江文理学院), because the college itself only had two branches - science and literature
, at that time. During the Second Sino-Japanese War
, the college moved through numerous places to avoid the Japanese invasion and military campaign, including Tunxi
(in current Anhui Province), Shanghai, Shaowu
(in current Fujian Province), Guiyang
(the capital city of Guizhou Province), Chongqing
(the war-period capital of China
), etc. 1948, the college had two more faculties of engineering
and business (business school
), and was promoted into the university status, named Hangchow University (之江大學 / 之江大学).
After setting up of the People's Republic of China, in 1951, the university was handed over to the Zhejiang Provincial Government, and all the American teachers were sent back to United States. 1952, the Adjustment for University Colleges and Departments (中國高校院系調整 / 中国高校院系调整) started, and the most part of Hangchow University was merged into the Zhejiang University.
Introduction
The site is located in Hangzhou CityHangzhou
Hangzhou , formerly transliterated as Hangchow, is the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China. Governed as a sub-provincial city, and as of 2010, its entire administrative division or prefecture had a registered population of 8.7 million people...
, Zhejiang Province, and close to the Qiantang River
Qiantang River
The Qiantang River is a southeast Chinese river that originates in the borders of Anhui and Jiangxi provinces and passes through Hangzhou, the capital of Zhejiang province, before flowing into the East China Sea through Hangzhou Bay....
and the Liuhe Pagoda
Liuhe Pagoda
Liuhe Pagoda , literally Six Harmonies Pagoda or Six Harmonies Tower, is a multi-story Chinese pagoda in southern Hangzhou, Zhejiang province, China. It is located at the foot of Yuelun Hill, facing the Qiantang River...
. It currently located in (and is a part of) the Zhijiang Campus of Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University , sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education...
, and the university manages its daily operation. The site has very beautiful landscapes and architectures. It became a national key historic site mainly due to its precious architectures of the Republic of China
Republic of China
The Republic of China , commonly known as Taiwan , is a unitary sovereign state located in East Asia. Originally based in mainland China, the Republic of China currently governs the island of Taiwan , which forms over 99% of its current territory, as well as Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor...
Era (1912 - 1949)
History of the Republic of China
The History of the Republic of China begins after the Qing Dynasty in 1912, when the formation of the Republic of China put an end to over two thousand years of Imperial rule. The Qing Dynasty, also known as the Manchu Dynasty, ruled from 1644 to 1912...
, which has a special combination of both the Western
Western culture
Western culture, sometimes equated with Western civilization or European civilization, refers to cultures of European origin and is used very broadly to refer to a heritage of social norms, ethical values, traditional customs, religious beliefs, political systems, and specific artifacts and...
and Chinese architectural
Chinese architecture
Chinese architecture refers to a style of architecture that has taken shape in East Asia over many centuries. The structural principles of Chinese architecture have remained largely unchanged, the main changes being only the decorative details...
styles.
Brief history
The Hangchow University (it's a different concept from the later Hangzhou UniversityHangzhou University
Since 1998, Hangzhou University has been a part of Zhejiang University....
, and the Hangchow is the old English translational form for the present Hangzhou) was also a root of current modern Zhejiang University. It was one of the thirteen most well-known Protestant universities in China's modern history before 1951.
The history of Hangchow University can be traced back to 1845. A [minister] named Divie Bethune McCartee
Divie Bethune McCartee
Divie Bethune McCartee was an American Protestant Christian medical missionary, educator and U.S. diplomat in China and Japan, first appointed by the American Presbyterian Mission in 1843....
of American Presbyterians (North, PN) first founded the Ningpo Boy’s Academy / Boarding School (崇信義塾 / 崇信义塾; Chinese literal signification: Public School of Esteeming Faith; Ningpo stands for present Ningbo) in Ningbo
Ningbo
Ningbo is a seaport city of northeastern Zhejiang province, Eastern China. Holding sub-provincial administrative status, the municipality has a population of 7,605,700 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 3,089,180 in the built up area made of 6 urban districts. It lies south of the Hangzhou Bay,...
, Zhejiang Province. 1867, the school was moved into Hangzhou
Hangzhou
Hangzhou , formerly transliterated as Hangchow, is the capital and largest city of Zhejiang Province in Eastern China. Governed as a sub-provincial city, and as of 2010, its entire administrative division or prefecture had a registered population of 8.7 million people...
and changed its name into Hangchow Presbyterian Boys' School (育英義塾 / 育英义塾; Chinese literal signification: Public School for Educating Elites).
1897, the school opened courses for higher education
Higher education
Higher, post-secondary, tertiary, or third level education refers to the stage of learning that occurs at universities, academies, colleges, seminaries, and institutes of technology...
, and became a college, named Hangchow Presbyterian College (育英書院 / 育英书院). 1914, its name was changed into Hangchow Christian College (之江大學 / 之江大学). 1909, the Presbyterian Church in the United States
Presbyterian Church in the United States
The Presbyterian Church in the United States was a Protestant Christian denomination in the Southern and border states of the United States that existed from 1861 to 1983...
also participated in the college's daily operation. During the Northern Expedition (1926–1927) period, the college was ceased for a while. 1931, the government renamed the college as the (Private) Hangchow College of Sciences and Humanities (私立之江文理學院 / 私立之江文理学院), because the college itself only had two branches - science and literature
Literature
Literature is the art of written works, and is not bound to published sources...
, at that time. During the Second Sino-Japanese War
Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan. From 1937 to 1941, China fought Japan with some economic help from Germany , the Soviet Union and the United States...
, the college moved through numerous places to avoid the Japanese invasion and military campaign, including Tunxi
Tunxi District
Tunxi District forms the central district of Huangshan City, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China. It has a population of 150,000 and an area of .Tunxi District has jurisdiction over four subdistricts and five towns....
(in current Anhui Province), Shanghai, Shaowu
Shaowu
Shaowu is a county-level city in Fujian province, China. It has more than 100,000 inhabitants....
(in current Fujian Province), Guiyang
Guiyang
Guiyang is the capital of Guizhou province of Southwest China. It is located in the centre of the province, situated on the east of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, and on the north bank of the Nanming River, a branch of the Wu River. The city has an elevation of about 1,100 meters...
(the capital city of Guizhou Province), Chongqing
Chongqing
Chongqing is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities of China. Administratively, it is one of the PRC's four direct-controlled municipalities , and the only such municipality in inland China.The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the...
(the war-period capital of China
Historical capitals of China
The Chinese phrase Four Great Ancient Capitals of China traditionally refers to Beijing , Nanjing, Luoyang, and Chang'an ....
), etc. 1948, the college had two more faculties of engineering
Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
and business (business school
Business school
A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in Business Administration. It teaches topics such as accounting, administration, economics, entrepreneurship, finance, information systems, marketing, organizational behavior, public relations, strategy, human resource...
), and was promoted into the university status, named Hangchow University (之江大學 / 之江大学).
After setting up of the People's Republic of China, in 1951, the university was handed over to the Zhejiang Provincial Government, and all the American teachers were sent back to United States. 1952, the Adjustment for University Colleges and Departments (中國高校院系調整 / 中国高校院系调整) started, and the most part of Hangchow University was merged into the Zhejiang University.
See also
- Zhejiang UniversityZhejiang UniversityZhejiang University , sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education...
- The QinghuayuanQinghuayuanQinghuayuan may refer to:* Tsinghua University* Qinghuayuan railway station...
(Tsinghua Garden, 清华园) of Tsinghua UniversityTsinghua UniversityTsinghua University , colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later...