Helleland
Encyclopedia
Helleland is a village
and parish as well as former municipality now located in Eigersund
municipality in Rogaland
county, Norway
.
Helleland is situated approx. 13 km outside Egersund
along European route E39
, a part of Norwegian national road system. Helleland parish clerical district included churches located at Helleland, Bjerkreim
with Øvrebygd chapel and Heskestad
parishes. Helleland parish was created as a municipality was created as Helleland formannskapsdistrikt
in 1837. On 1 January 1965 Helleland with its 851 inhabitants was merged into the enlarged Eigersund
municipality.
Helleland Church (Helleland kirke) dates from 1832. It was built of wood and has 500 seats. The architect was Hans Linstow (1787-1851) who also designed the Royal Palace
in Oslo and much of the surrounding park and the street Karl Johans gate.
At Helleland there are memorials dedicated to the British aircraft which crashed during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
in connection with the Operation Freshman
sabotage attempt, a part of action which was aimed at the Vemork
hydroelectric plant, site of the heavy water
production.
Village
A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet with the population ranging from a few hundred to a few thousand , Though often located in rural areas, the term urban village is also applied to certain urban neighbourhoods, such as the West Village in Manhattan, New...
and parish as well as former municipality now located in Eigersund
Eigersund
Eigersund is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. Egersund landdisstrikt was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 . Augne was separated from Eigersund in 1839. Helleland and the town of Egersund were merged with Eigersund on 1 January 1965.-Location:Eigersund extends from the...
municipality in Rogaland
Rogaland
is a county in Western Norway, bordering Hordaland, Telemark, Aust-Agder and Vest-Agder. It is the center of the Norwegian petroleum industry, and as a result of this, Rogaland has the lowest unemployment rate of any county in Norway, 1.1%...
county, Norway
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
.
Helleland is situated approx. 13 km outside Egersund
Egersund
The town of Egersund was established as a municipality January 1, 1838 . It was merged with the surrounding municipality of Eigersund January 1, 1965....
along European route E39
European route E39
E 39 is the designation of a 1330 km long north-south road in Norway and Denmark, running from Klett just south of Trondheim to Aalborg, via Orkanger, Vinjeøra, Halsa ... Straumsnes, Krifast, Batnfjordsøra, Molde ... Vestnes, Skodje, Ålesund ... Volda ... Nordfjordeid ... Sandane, Førde,...
, a part of Norwegian national road system. Helleland parish clerical district included churches located at Helleland, Bjerkreim
Bjerkreim
Bjerkreim is a municipality in the Rogaland county, Norway. The parish of Birkrem was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 ....
with Øvrebygd chapel and Heskestad
Heskestad
Heskestad is a village and parish located in Lund municipalityin Rogaland county, Norway.Heskestad was part of Helleland clerical district until 1820 when it became part of Lund clerical district. Heskestad parish was created as Heskestad formannskapsdistrikt in 1837. On 1 January 1965 the majority...
parishes. Helleland parish was created as a municipality was created as Helleland formannskapsdistrikt
Formannskapsdistrikt
Formannskapsdistrikt was the name for a Norwegian local self-government districts put into force in 1838. This system of municipality was created in a bill approved by the Storting and signed into law by King Carl Johan on 14 January 1837...
in 1837. On 1 January 1965 Helleland with its 851 inhabitants was merged into the enlarged Eigersund
Eigersund
Eigersund is a municipality in Rogaland county, Norway. Egersund landdisstrikt was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 . Augne was separated from Eigersund in 1839. Helleland and the town of Egersund were merged with Eigersund on 1 January 1965.-Location:Eigersund extends from the...
municipality.
Helleland Church (Helleland kirke) dates from 1832. It was built of wood and has 500 seats. The architect was Hans Linstow (1787-1851) who also designed the Royal Palace
Royal Palace, Oslo
The Royal Palace in Oslo was built in the first half of the 19th century as the Norwegian residence of Norwegian and Swedish king Charles III and is the official residence of the present Norwegian Monarch. The crown prince couple resides at Skaugum in Asker west of Oslo...
in Oslo and much of the surrounding park and the street Karl Johans gate.
At Helleland there are memorials dedicated to the British aircraft which crashed during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany
The occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany started with the German invasion of Norway on April 9, 1940, and ended on May 8, 1945, after the capitulation of German forces in Europe. Throughout this period, Norway was continuously occupied by the Wehrmacht...
in connection with the Operation Freshman
Operation Freshman
Operation Freshman was the codename given to a British airborne operation conducted in November 1942 during World War II. It was the first British airborne operation conducted using gliders, and its target was the Vemork Norsk Hydro chemical plant in Norway which produced heavy water for Nazi Germany...
sabotage attempt, a part of action which was aimed at the Vemork
Vemork
Vemork is the name of a hydroelectric power plant outside Rjukan in Tinn, Norway. The plant was built by Norsk Hydro and opened in 1911, its main purpose being to fix nitrogen for the production of fertilizer. Vemork was later the site of the first plant in the world to mass-produce heavy water...
hydroelectric plant, site of the heavy water
Heavy water
Heavy water is water highly enriched in the hydrogen isotope deuterium; e.g., heavy water used in CANDU reactors is 99.75% enriched by hydrogen atom-fraction...
production.