Henry Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne
Encyclopedia
Henry Pelham Pelham-Clinton, 5th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne KG
, PC (22 May 1811 – 18 October 1864), styled Earl of Lincoln before 1851, was a British
politician
.
, by his wife Georgina Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Miller-Mundy. He was educated at Eton
and Oxford
.
in 1832, a seat he held until 1846, and then represented Falkirk Burghs
until 1851, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom. Initially a Tory, he served under Sir Robert Peel as First Commissioner of Works
from 1841 to 1846 and as Chief Secretary for Ireland
in 1846. He was admitted to the British Privy Council in 1841 and to the Irish Privy Council
in 1846.
Newcastle joined the Peelite
's in 1846 and held office in Lord Aberdeen's
coalition government as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
between 1852 and 1852 and as Secretary of State for War
and Secretary at War
between 1854 and 1855, when he resigned over the Crimean War
. From 1859 to 1864 he served as Secretary of State for the Colonies
in Lord Palmerston's
Liberal administration. Apart from his political career he also held the honorary posts of Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire
from 1857 to 1864 and Lord Warden of the Stannaries
from 1862 to 1864. He was made a Knight of the Garter
in 1860.
, on 27 November 1832. They had five children:
The marriage was unhappy and the Duke and Duchess were divorced in 1850, after a considerable scandal in which the Duchess eloped with Horatio Walpole, Lord Walpole
, and had an illegitimate child by him. Newcastle died in October 1864, aged 53, and was succeeded in the dukedom by his eldest son, Henry. His papers are now held at Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham
.
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
, PC (22 May 1811 – 18 October 1864), styled Earl of Lincoln before 1851, was a British
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...
politician
Politician
A politician, political leader, or political figure is an individual who is involved in influencing public policy and decision making...
.
Background
Newcastle was the son of Henry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-LyneHenry Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne
Henry Pelham Fiennes Pelham-Clinton, 4th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne KG was a British nobleman and politician who played a leading part in British politics in the late 1820s and early 1830s.-Early life:...
, by his wife Georgina Elizabeth, daughter of Edward Miller-Mundy. He was educated at Eton
Eton College
Eton College, often referred to simply as Eton, is a British independent school for boys aged 13 to 18. It was founded in 1440 by King Henry VI as "The King's College of Our Lady of Eton besides Wyndsor"....
and Oxford
University of Oxford
The University of Oxford is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096...
.
Political career
Newcastle was returned to Parliament for South NottinghamshireSouth Nottinghamshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Nottinghamshire, formally the "Southern Division of Nottinghamshire" was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom...
in 1832, a seat he held until 1846, and then represented Falkirk Burghs
Falkirk Burghs (UK Parliament constituency)
Falkirk Burghs was a district of burghs constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1832 to 1918. The constituency comprised the burghs of Falkirk, Airdrie, Hamilton, Lanark and Linlithgow, lying in Stirlingshire, Lanarkshire and Linlithgowshire.In 1918,...
until 1851, when he succeeded his father in the dukedom. Initially a Tory, he served under Sir Robert Peel as First Commissioner of Works
First Commissioner of Works
The First Commissioner of Works and Public Buildings was a position within the government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It took over some of the functions of the First Commissioner of Woods and Forests in 1851 when the portfolio of Crown holdings was divided into the public...
from 1841 to 1846 and as Chief Secretary for Ireland
Chief Secretary for Ireland
The Chief Secretary for Ireland was a key political office in the British administration in Ireland. Nominally subordinate to the Lord Lieutenant, from the late 18th century until the end of British rule he was effectively the government minister with responsibility for governing Ireland; usually...
in 1846. He was admitted to the British Privy Council in 1841 and to the Irish Privy Council
Privy Council of Ireland
The Privy Council of Ireland was an institution of the Kingdom of Ireland until 31 December 1800 and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland 1801-1922...
in 1846.
Newcastle joined the Peelite
Peelite
The Peelites were a breakaway faction of the British Conservative Party, and existed from 1846 to 1859. They were called "Peelites" because they were initially led by Sir Robert Peel, who was the British Prime Minister and Conservative Party leader in 1846....
's in 1846 and held office in Lord Aberdeen's
George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen
George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen KG, KT, FRS, PC , styled Lord Haddo from 1791 to 1801, was a Scottish politician, successively a Tory, Conservative and Peelite, who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1852 until 1855.-Early life:Born in Edinburgh on 28 January 1784, he...
coalition government as Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
Secretary of State for War and the Colonies
The Secretary of State for War and the Colonies was a British cabinet level position responsible for the army and the British colonies . The Department was created in 1801...
between 1852 and 1852 and as Secretary of State for War
Secretary of State for War
The position of Secretary of State for War, commonly called War Secretary, was a British cabinet-level position, first held by Henry Dundas . In 1801 the post became that of Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. The position was re-instated in 1854...
and Secretary at War
Secretary at War
The Secretary at War was a political position in the English and later British government, with some responsibility over the administration and organization of the Army, but not over military policy. The Secretary at War ran the War Office. It was occasionally a cabinet level position, although...
between 1854 and 1855, when he resigned over the Crimean War
Crimean War
The Crimean War was a conflict fought between the Russian Empire and an alliance of the French Empire, the British Empire, the Ottoman Empire, and the Kingdom of Sardinia. The war was part of a long-running contest between the major European powers for influence over territories of the declining...
. From 1859 to 1864 he served as Secretary of State for the Colonies
Secretary of State for the Colonies
The Secretary of State for the Colonies or Colonial Secretary was the British Cabinet minister in charge of managing the United Kingdom's various colonial dependencies....
in Lord Palmerston's
Henry Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston
Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston, KG, GCB, PC , known popularly as Lord Palmerston, was a British statesman who served twice as Prime Minister in the mid-19th century...
Liberal administration. Apart from his political career he also held the honorary posts of Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire
Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire. Since 1694, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Nottinghamshire.*Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland 1552–1563?*Edward Manners, 3rd Earl of Rutland 1574–1587?...
from 1857 to 1864 and Lord Warden of the Stannaries
Lord Warden of the Stannaries
The Lord Warden of the Stannaries used to exercise judicial and military functions in Cornwall, United Kingdom, and is still the official who, upon the commission of the monarch or Duke of Cornwall for the time being, has the function of calling a Stannary Parliament of tinners...
from 1862 to 1864. He was made a Knight of the Garter
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
in 1860.
Family
Newcastle married Lady Susan (9 June 1814 – 28 November 1889), daughter of Alexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of HamiltonAlexander Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton
Alexander Douglas-Hamilton, 10th Duke of Hamilton, 7th Duke of Brandon KG PC FRS FSA was a Scottish politician and art collector....
, on 27 November 1832. They had five children:
- Henry Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-LyneHenry Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-LyneHenry Pelham Alexander Pelham-Clinton, 6th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne was an English nobleman, styled Lord Clinton until 1851 and Earl of Lincoln until he inherited the dukedom in 1864....
(25 January 1834 – 22 February 1879), who married Henrietta Adela Hope (11 April 1843 – 8 May 1913) on 11 February 1861 and had five children. - Lord Edward William Pelham-Clinton (11 August 1836 – 9 July 1907), who married Matilda Jane Cradock-Hartopp (died 23 October 1892) on 22 August 1865.
- Lady Susan Charlotte Catherine Pelham-ClintonSusan Pelham-ClintonSusan Charlotte Catherine Pelham-Clinton, Lady Vane-Tempest , was a British noblewoman and one of the mistresses of King Edward VII of England when he was Prince of Wales. Lady Susan was a bridesmaid to Victoria, Princess Royal and two years later became the wife of Lord Adolphus Vane-Tempest...
(7 April 1839 – 6 September 1875), who married Lord Adolphus Vane-TempestLord Adolphus Vane-TempestLord Adolphus Frederick Charles William Vane-Tempest , known until 1854 as Lord Adolphus Vane, was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom....
(2 July 1825 – 11 June 1864) on 23 April 1860. She was a mistress of Edward VII of England when he was Prince of Wales. - Lord Arthur Pelham-Clinton (23 June 1840 – 18 June 1870) who died, possibly by suicide, after being charged in the Boulton and ParkBoulton and ParkErnest Boulton and Frederick William Park were two Victorian transvestites and suspected homosexuals who appeared as defendants in a celebrated trial in London in 1871, charged "with conspiring and inciting persons to commit an unnatural offence"...
case. - Lord Albert Sidney Pelham-Clinton (22 December 1845 – 1 March 1884), who married Mrs Frances Evelyn Stotherd on 17 November 1870; they were divorced in 1877.
The marriage was unhappy and the Duke and Duchess were divorced in 1850, after a considerable scandal in which the Duchess eloped with Horatio Walpole, Lord Walpole
Horatio Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford (second creation)
Horatio William Walpole, 4th Earl of Orford , styled Lord Walpole between 1822 and 1858, was a British peer and Conservative politician.-Background:...
, and had an illegitimate child by him. Newcastle died in October 1864, aged 53, and was succeeded in the dukedom by his eldest son, Henry. His papers are now held at Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham
Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham
Manuscripts and Special Collections is part of Information Services at the University of Nottingham. It is based at King's Meadow Campus in Nottingham in England...
.
Titles and styles from birth to death
- Earl of Lincoln (1811–1832)
- Earl of Lincoln, MP (1832–1841)
- The Rt. Hon. Earl of Lincoln, PC, MP (1841–1851)
- His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, PC (1851–1860)
- His Grace The Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, KG, PC (1860–1864)