Hosena
Encyclopedia
Hosena is a section of the town of Senftenberg
in Brandenburg
, Germany
. Hosena is located in Lower Lusatia
not far from the Senftenberger See
.
gozd or hozd for "dry woodland" or Sorbian
"woodland place." The name developed into Hoznja, Hozne or Hosna and finally to Hosen, attested in 1687.
In the early historical period, Hosena was part of the Sorbian district of Milska and as a Folwark
to the domain of Hoyerswerda
, with a herd of sheep and three leasehold mills. Hosena is first mentioned in 1420. In 1575, 68 people lived on the estate. In 1691, the settlement was completely destroyed by fire. Since the end of the 19th century, Hosena has become famous for industrial processing of crystalline quartz sand
and for glass making. The first extraction of the sand was in 1874. Prior to that, the settlement had been among the poorest heathland villages, since the barren, largely infertile sandy soil yielded only meager harvests. As they were taken out of production, the sand quarries were converted into small lakes for swimming. As a result, in 1899 the Hosena Aquatics Club was founded. The village church was consecrated in 1913.
In 1970, the settlement of Peickwitzer Flur was incorporated into Hosena. It had been founded as a result of industrialization; railroad workers and employees of the nearby glass works and sand quarries lived there. In July 2009, a 2.6 m tall marker column was erected there.
Today at the boundary of Hosena stands the tilted observation tower on the shore of the Senftenberger See
. On December 31, 2001, Hosena was annexed by Senftenberg. The mayor is Hagen Schuster.
settled on the Koschenberg under the command of Radbot, in which Henry was supported by Margrave
Gero
. In the course of the battle Gero split Radbot's helmet and skull with a blow from his sword. When the Wends saw their leader fall, they fled. This battle is also called the Battle of the Blood Mill (or Pluto Mill).
, professor of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
at Humboldt University of Berlin
and husband of German Chancellor Angela Merkel
, was born in Hosena.
Senftenberg
Senftenberg is a town in southern Brandenburg, Germany, capital of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district.-Geography:Senftenberg is located in the southwest of the historic Lower Lusatia region at the border with Saxony...
in Brandenburg
Brandenburg
Brandenburg is one of the sixteen federal-states of Germany. It lies in the east of the country and is one of the new federal states that were re-created in 1990 upon the reunification of the former West Germany and East Germany. The capital is Potsdam...
, Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
. Hosena is located in Lower Lusatia
Lower Lusatia
Lower Lusatia is a historical region stretching from the southeast of the Brandenburg state of Germany to the southwest of the Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland. Important towns beside the historic capital Lübben include Calau, Cottbus, Guben , Luckau, Spremberg, Finsterwalde, Senftenberg and Żary...
not far from the Senftenberger See
Senftenberger See
Senftenberger See is a lake in Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Brandenburg, Germany. At an elevation of 99 m, its surface area is 13.00 km². It is located in the town of Senftenberg....
.
History
Hosena is first mentioned in 1420, as Old SlavonicOld Church Slavonic
Old Church Slavonic or Old Church Slavic was the first literary Slavic language, first developed by the 9th century Byzantine Greek missionaries Saints Cyril and Methodius who were credited with standardizing the language and using it for translating the Bible and other Ancient Greek...
gozd or hozd for "dry woodland" or Sorbian
Sorbian
Sorbian may refer to more than one article:* Sorbs, a Slavic people in modern day Germany* Sorbian languages, a group of closely related West Slavic languages-See also:...
"woodland place." The name developed into Hoznja, Hozne or Hosna and finally to Hosen, attested in 1687.
In the early historical period, Hosena was part of the Sorbian district of Milska and as a Folwark
Folwark
Folwark is a Polish word for a primarily serfdom-based farm and agricultural enterprise , often very large. Folwarks were operated in the Crown of Poland from the 14th century and in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since the 15th century, from the second half of the 16th century in the joint...
to the domain of Hoyerswerda
Hoyerswerda
Hoyerswerda is the largest city in the district of Bautzen in the German state of Saxony. It is located in Lusatia, a region where many people speak the Sorbian languages in addition to German.-Geography:...
, with a herd of sheep and three leasehold mills. Hosena is first mentioned in 1420. In 1575, 68 people lived on the estate. In 1691, the settlement was completely destroyed by fire. Since the end of the 19th century, Hosena has become famous for industrial processing of crystalline quartz sand
Quartz
Quartz is the second-most-abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust, after feldspar. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall formula SiO2. There are many different varieties of quartz,...
and for glass making. The first extraction of the sand was in 1874. Prior to that, the settlement had been among the poorest heathland villages, since the barren, largely infertile sandy soil yielded only meager harvests. As they were taken out of production, the sand quarries were converted into small lakes for swimming. As a result, in 1899 the Hosena Aquatics Club was founded. The village church was consecrated in 1913.
In 1970, the settlement of Peickwitzer Flur was incorporated into Hosena. It had been founded as a result of industrialization; railroad workers and employees of the nearby glass works and sand quarries lived there. In July 2009, a 2.6 m tall marker column was erected there.
Today at the boundary of Hosena stands the tilted observation tower on the shore of the Senftenberger See
Senftenberger See
Senftenberger See is a lake in Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz, Brandenburg, Germany. At an elevation of 99 m, its surface area is 13.00 km². It is located in the town of Senftenberg....
. On December 31, 2001, Hosena was annexed by Senftenberg. The mayor is Hagen Schuster.
Battle of Koschenberg
Legend has it that in 923 a fantastic battle took place in Hosena between King Henry the Fowler and the WendsWends
Wends is a historic name for West Slavs living near Germanic settlement areas. It does not refer to a homogeneous people, but to various peoples, tribes or groups depending on where and when it is used...
settled on the Koschenberg under the command of Radbot, in which Henry was supported by Margrave
Margrave
A margrave or margravine was a medieval hereditary nobleman with military responsibilities in a border province of a kingdom. Border provinces usually had more exposure to military incursions from the outside, compared to interior provinces, and thus a margrave usually had larger and more active...
Gero
Gero
Gero I , called the Great , ruled an initially modest march centred on Merseburg, which he expanded into a vast territory named after him: the marca Geronis. During the mid-10th century, he was the leader of the Saxon Drang nach Osten.-Succession and early conflicts:Gero was the son of Count...
. In the course of the battle Gero split Radbot's helmet and skull with a blow from his sword. When the Wends saw their leader fall, they fled. This battle is also called the Battle of the Blood Mill (or Pluto Mill).
Demographics
| Population development in Hosena 1875-2000 | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | Inhabitants | Year | Inhabitants | Year | Inhabitants | Year | Inhabitants | Year | Inhabitants | Year | Inhabitants |
| 1875 | 700 | 1933 | 2202 | 1964 | 2475 | 1989 | 2283 | 1993 | 2128 | 1997 | 2095 |
| 1890 | 700 | 1939 | 2586 | 1971 | 2853 | 1990 | 2226 | 1994 | 2109 | 1998 | 2060 |
| 1910 | 1500 | 1946 | 2598 | 1981 | 2511 | 1991 | 2148 | 1995 | 2104 | 1999 | 2072 |
| 1925 | 1853 | 1950 | 2662 | 1985 | 2383 | 1992 | 2117 | 1996 | 2125 | 2000 | 2054 |
Attractions
Built in 1913, the village church is among the historical buildings in Senftenberg. In front of the church there is a war memorial to the fallen of the First World War. There is a stone cross in the village.Economy
The largest employer in Hosena is the steelworks Züblin Stahlbau GmbH, with well over 300 employees.Notable people
Joachim SauerJoachim Sauer
Joachim Sauer is a German quantum chemist, full professor at the Humboldt University of Berlin. He is the husband of the Chancellor of Germany, Angela Merkel.- Scientific career :...
, professor of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
Physical chemistry
Physical chemistry is the study of macroscopic, atomic, subatomic, and particulate phenomena in chemical systems in terms of physical laws and concepts...
at Humboldt University of Berlin
Humboldt University of Berlin
The Humboldt University of Berlin is Berlin's oldest university, founded in 1810 as the University of Berlin by the liberal Prussian educational reformer and linguist Wilhelm von Humboldt, whose university model has strongly influenced other European and Western universities...
and husband of German Chancellor Angela Merkel
Angela Merkel
Angela Dorothea Merkel is the current Chancellor of Germany . Merkel, elected to the Bundestag from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, has been the chairwoman of the Christian Democratic Union since 2000, and chairwoman of the CDU-CSU parliamentary coalition from 2002 to 2005.From 2005 to 2009 she led a...
, was born in Hosena.
Sources
- Isolde Rösler and Heinz Noack. Senftenberger See: Historische Wanderungen durch Buchwalde, Kleinkoschen, Großkoschen, Hosena, Peickwitz, Niemtsch, Brieske, Kolonie Marga. Kreismuseum Senftenberg. Horb am Neckar: Geiger, 1993. ISBN 3-89264-872-7.