Hydride compressor
Encyclopedia
A hydride compressor is a hydrogen compressor
based on metal hydrides with absorption
of hydrogen
at low pressure and desorption
of hydrogen at high pressure by raising the temperature with an external heat source like a heated waterbed or electric coil.
Advantages of the hydride compressor are the high volumetric density
, no moving parts
and reversible absorption/desorption, disadvantages are the high cost of the metal hydride and weight.
to demonstrate long-term hydrogen storage for use in space propulsion. In the 1970s, automobiles, vans, and forklifts were demonstrated. The metal hydrides were used for hydrogen storage
, separation, and refrigeration. In 2007 it was used aboard the canal boat
Ross Barlow. An example of current use are hydrogen sorption cryocoolers and portable metal hydride compressors.
Hydrogen compressor
A hydrogen compressor is a device that increases the pressure of hydrogen by reducing its volume. Compression of hydrogen gas naturally increases its temperature, due to Charles' Law....
based on metal hydrides with absorption
Absorption
Absorption may refer to:- Chemistry and biology :* Absorption , absorption of particles of gas or liquid in liquid or solid material* Absorption , a route by which substances can enter the body through the skin...
of hydrogen
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the chemical element with atomic number 1. It is represented by the symbol H. With an average atomic weight of , hydrogen is the lightest and most abundant chemical element, constituting roughly 75% of the Universe's chemical elemental mass. Stars in the main sequence are mainly...
at low pressure and desorption
Desorption
Desorption is a phenomenon whereby a substance is released from or through a surface. The process is the opposite of sorption . This occurs in a system being in the state of sorption equilibrium between bulk phase and an adsorbing surface...
of hydrogen at high pressure by raising the temperature with an external heat source like a heated waterbed or electric coil.
Advantages of the hydride compressor are the high volumetric density
Density
The mass density or density of a material is defined as its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ . In some cases , density is also defined as its weight per unit volume; although, this quantity is more properly called specific weight...
, no moving parts
Moving parts
The moving parts of a machine are those parts of it that move. Machines comprise both moving and fixed parts. The moving parts have controlled and constrained motions....
and reversible absorption/desorption, disadvantages are the high cost of the metal hydride and weight.
History
The first applications of metal hydrides were made by NASANASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research...
to demonstrate long-term hydrogen storage for use in space propulsion. In the 1970s, automobiles, vans, and forklifts were demonstrated. The metal hydrides were used for hydrogen storage
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen storage describes the methods for storing H2 for subsequent use. The methods span many approaches, including high pressures, cryogenics, and chemical compounds that reversibly release H2 upon heating...
, separation, and refrigeration. In 2007 it was used aboard the canal boat
Canal boat (hydrogen)
The canal boat Ross Barlow is a hybrid hydrogen narrowboat, power-assisted by an electric motor whose electricity is supplied by a fuel cell or a battery. It debuted on 21 September 2007.-History:...
Ross Barlow. An example of current use are hydrogen sorption cryocoolers and portable metal hydride compressors.
See also
- Electrochemical hydrogen compressorElectrochemical hydrogen compressorAn electrochemical hydrogen compressor is a hydrogen compressor where hydrogen is supplied to the anode, and compressed hydrogen is collected at the cathode with an exergy efficiency of 70 to 80% for pressures up to 10,000 psi or 700 bars.-Principle:...
- Guided rotor compressorGuided rotor compressorThe guided rotor compressor is a positive displacement rotary gas compressor. The compression volume is defined by the trochoidally rotating rotor mounted on an eccentric drive shaft with a typical 80 to 85% adiabatic efficiency.-History:...
- Hydrogen storage
- Ionic liquid piston compressorIonic liquid piston compressorAn ionic liquid piston compressor, ionic compressor or ionic liquid piston pump is a hydrogen compressor based on an ionic liquid piston instead of a metal piston as in a piston-metal diaphragm compressor.-Principle:...
- Linear compressorLinear compressorA linear compressor is a gas compressor where the piston moves along a linear track to compress to minimize energy loss during conversion.-History:...
- Sodium aluminium hydrideSodium aluminium hydrideSodium aluminium hydride or sodium alanate is a chemical compound used as a reducing agent. It is similar to lithium aluminium hydride....
- Timeline of hydrogen technologiesTimeline of hydrogen technologiesTimeline of hydrogen technologies — A timeline of the history of hydrogen technology.-1600s:* 1625 - First description of hydrogen by Johann Baptista van Helmont...