Hylarana
Encyclopedia
Hylarana is a widespread genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

 of true frog
True frog
The true frogs, family Ranidae, have the widest distribution of any frog family. They are abundant throughout most of the world, occurring on most continents except Antarctica...

s found in tropical Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

, Asia
Asia
Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.7% of the Earth's total surface area and with approximately 3.879 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population...

, and Australia
Australia
Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

. It includes around 86 species
Species
In biology, a species is one of the basic units of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A species is often defined as a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. While in many cases this definition is adequate, more precise or differing measures are...

.

Taxonomy

Hylarana was previously considered to be a subgenus
Subgenus
In biology, a subgenus is a taxonomic rank directly below genus.In zoology, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between the generic name and the specific epithet: e.g. the Tiger Cowry of the Indo-Pacific, Cypraea tigris Linnaeus, which...

 of the genus Rana
Rana
Rana may refer to:In education:* Rana Institute of Higher Education, AfghanistanIn entertainment and sports:* Rana , forthcoming Indian film* Moon , the moon Rána in Tolkien's Middle-earth...

. It was recognized as a distinct genus in 2005. Several genera were further split from Hylarana in 2006 but are now treated again as junior synonyms of Hylarana.

Hylarana belongs to the subfamily Raninae of the true frog family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...

 Ranidae.

Distribution

Species of Hylarana are found from Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...

 to the Western Ghats
Western Ghats
The Western Ghats, Western Ghauts or the Sahyādri is a mountain range along the western side of India. It runs north to south along the western edge of the Deccan Plateau, and separates the plateau from a narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. The Western Ghats block rainfall to the Deccan...

 of India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

, through Nepal
Nepal
Nepal , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. It is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People's Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India...

 and southern China
China
Chinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...

 and Taiwan
Taiwan
Taiwan , also known, especially in the past, as Formosa , is the largest island of the same-named island group of East Asia in the western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. The island forms over 99% of the current territory of the Republic of China following...

, down to Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia, South-East Asia, South East Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The region lies on the intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic...

 to the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...

 and Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea , officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands...

, and in Northern Australia
Northern Australia
The term northern Australia is generally known to include two State and Territories, being Queensland and the Northern Territory . The part of Western Australia north of latitude 26° south—a definition widely used in law and State government policy—is also usually included...

. They are also found in tropical Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...

.

Species

Hylarana currently contains around 86 species, they are the following:
  • Hylarana albolabris (Hallowell, 1856)
  • Hylarana albotuberculata
    Hylarana albotuberculata
    Hylarana albotuberculata, commonly known as the Cabalian frog or the Leyte slender stream frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the islands of Leyte, Samar, and Mindanao in the Philippines....

    (Inger, 1954)
  • Hylarana amnicola Perret, 1977
  • Hylarana arfaki
    Hylarana arfaki
    Hylarana arfaki is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea....

    (Meyer, 1875)
  • Hylarana asperrima Perret, 1977
  • Hylarana attigua
    Hylarana attigua
    Hylarana attigua is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Laos and Vietnam....

    (Inger, Orlov, and Darevsky, 1999)
  • Hylarana aurantiaca (Boulenger, 1904) - golden frog, small wood frog, common wood frog
  • Hylarana aurata
    Hylarana aurata
    Hylarana aurata is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Günther, 2003)
  • Hylarana banjarana
    Hylarana banjarana
    Hylarana banjarana is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Malaysia, Thailand, and possibly Indonesia....

    (Leong and Lim, 2003)
  • Hylarana baramica
    Hylarana baramica
    Hylarana baramica, commonly known as the masked rough-sided frog or the Baram river Frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is found in the Baram river in Sarawak, Malaysia....

    (Boettger, 1900) - masked rough-sided frog, golden-eared rough-sided frog, Baram River frog, or brown marsh frog
  • Hylarana celebensis
    Hylarana celebensis
    Hylarana celebensis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Peters, 1872)
  • Hylarana chalconota
    Hylarana chalconota
    Hylarana chalconota is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia. It is commonly known as Schlegel's frog, brown stream frog, copper-cheeked frog, and white-lipped frog....

    (Schlegel, 1837)
  • Hylarana chitwanensis (Das, 1998)
  • Hylarana crassiovis
    Hylarana crassiovis
    Hylarana crassiovis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Boulenger, 1920)
  • Hylarana cubitalis (Smith, 1917)
  • Hylarana daemeli (Steindachner, 1868) - Australian wood frog
  • Hylarana darlingi (Boulenger, 1902)
  • Hylarana debussyi
    Hylarana debussyi
    Hylarana debussyi is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Van Kampen, 1910)
  • Hylarana elberti
    Hylarana elberti
    Hylarana elberti is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Timor-Leste....

    (Roux, 1911)
  • Hylarana erythraea (Schlegel, 1837) - common green frog, green paddy frog, leaf frog, or red-eared frog
  • Hylarana eschatia
    Hylarana eschatia
    Hylarana eschatia is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is found in southern and peninsular Thailand, but is likely to be more widespread....

    (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009)
  • Hylarana everetti
    Hylarana everetti
    Hylarana everetti is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is endemic to the island of Mindanao in the Philippines....

    (Boulenger, 1882)
  • Hylarana faber (Ohler, Swan, and Daltry, 2002)
  • Hylarana florensis
    Hylarana florensis
    Hylarana florensis, commonly known as the Floresian frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the islands of Lombok, Sumbawa, and Flores in Indonesia....

    (Boulenger, 1897) - Floresian frog
  • Hylarana fonensis (Rödel and Bangoura, 2004)
  • Hylarana galamensis (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)
  • Hylarana garoensis (Boulenger, 1920)
  • Hylarana garritor
    Hylarana garritor
    Hylarana garritor is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea....

    (Menzies, 1987)
  • Hylarana glandulosa
    Hylarana glandulosa
    Hylarana glandulosa, commonly known as the rough-sided frog or the glandular frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and possibly Myanmar....

    (Boulenger, 1882) - rough-sided frog or glandular frog
  • Hylarana gracilis
    Hylarana gracilis
    Hylarana gracilis or Gravenhorst's frog is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.Its natural habitats are freshwater marshes, agricultural lands, and grassland and bush forests....

    (Gravenhorst, 1829) - Gravenhorst's frog
  • Hylarana grandocula
    Hylarana grandocula
    Hylarana grandocula is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the islands of Basilan, Bohol, Camiguin Sur, Dinagat, Samar, and Mindanao in the Philippines....

    (Taylor, 1920)
  • Hylarana grisea
    Hylarana grisea
    Hylarana grisea is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Irian Jaya, Indonesia....

    (Van Kampen, 1913)
  • Hylarana guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) - Günther's frog
  • Hylarana hekouensis
    Hylarana hekouensis
    Hylarana hekouensis, commonly known as the Hekou frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is known only from Nanxi, Hekou County, Yunnan, China, but might be present in adjacent areas in Vietnam....

    Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2008 - Hekou frog
  • Hylarana igorota
    Hylarana igorota
    Hylarana igorota is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Cordillera Central of the island of Luzon, Philippines....

    (Taylor, 1922)
  • Hylarana jimiensis
    Hylarana jimiensis
    Hylarana jimiensis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea...

    (Tyler, 1963)
  • Hylarana kampeni
    Hylarana kampeni
    Hylarana kampeni is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Boulenger, 1920)
  • Hylarana kreffti
    Hylarana kreffti
    Hylarana kreffti is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands....

    (Boulenger, 1882)
  • Hylarana labialis
    Hylarana labialis
    Hylarana labialis is also known as the White-lipped Frog. This species has dark green to pale yellow skin, with or without brown spots on the back and has an upper lip which is creamy yellow or white.-References:...

    (Boulenger, 1887) - forest white-lipped frog
  • Hylarana laterimaculata
    Hylarana laterimaculata
    Hylarana laterimaculata, commonly known as the lesser swamp frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand....

    (Barbour and Noble, 1916) - lesser swamp frog
  • Hylarana latouchii (Boulenger, 1899)
  • Hylarana lemairei (De Witte, 1921)
  • Hylarana leptoglossa
    Hylarana leptoglossa
    Hylarana leptoglossa, commonly known as the long-tongued frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, and Thailand. It is also known under the common names of Cope's frog and Cope's Assam frog....

    (Cope, 1868) - long-tongued frog, Cope's Assam frog, or Cope's frog
  • Hylarana lepus (Andersson, 1903)
  • Hylarana longipes (Perret, 1960)
  • Hylarana luctuosa
    Hylarana luctuosa
    Hylarana luctuosa, also known as the mahogany frog or purple frog, is a species of true frog. It is reddish to chocolate brown, bordered by a narrow cream dorsolateral line on each side, beginning at the tip of the snout to above the vent....

    (Peters, 1871) - mahogany frog or purple frog
  • Hylarana luzonensis
    Hylarana luzonensis
    Hylarana luzonensis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the island of Luzon in the Philippines....

    (Boulenger, 1896)
  • Hylarana macrodactyla
    Hylarana macrodactyla
    Hylarana macrodactyla is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is also known as the Guangdong frog, three-striped grass frog and the marbled slender frog....

    Günther, 1858 - Guangdong frog, three-striped grass frog, or marbled slender frog
  • Hylarana macrops
    Hylarana macrops
    Hylarana macrops is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Boulenger, 1897)
  • Hylarana malabarica
    Hylarana malabarica
    Hylarana malabarica, commonly known as the fungoid frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to India....

    (Tschudi, 1838) - fungoid frog
  • Hylarana mangyanum
    Hylarana mangyanum
    Hylarana mangyanum is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the islands of Mindoro and Sibay in the Philippines. It is endangered....

    (Brown and Guttman, 2002)
  • Hylarana maosonensis Bourret, 1937
  • Hylarana margariana
    Hylarana margariana
    Hylarana margariana is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native Myanmar and may be present in China....

    Anderson, 1879
  • Hylarana megalonesa
    Hylarana megalonesa
    Hylarana megalonesa is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Malaysia and possibly Indonesia....

    (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009)
  • Hylarana melanomenta
    Hylarana melanomenta
    Hylarana melanomenta is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the Sulu Archipelago of the Philippines....

    (Taylor, 1920)
  • Hylarana menglaensis
    Hylarana menglaensis
    Hylarana menglaensis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Mengla, Menghai, and Ximeng Counties of Yunnan, China. It may also be present in adjacent areas in Vietnam, Laos, and Myanmar....

    Fei, Ye, and Xie, 2008
  • Hylarana milleti
    Hylarana milleti
    Hylarana milleti is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Cambodia, China, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Laos....

    (Smith, 1921)
  • Hylarana milneana
    Hylarana milneana
    Hylarana milneana is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Papua New Guinea....

    (Loveridge, 1948)
  • Hylarana mocquardi
    Hylarana mocquardi
    Hylarana mocquardi is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is known only from Sulawesi, Indonesia....

    (Werner, 1901)
  • Hylarana moellendorffi
    Hylarana moellendorffi
    Hylarana moellendorffi is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is endemic to the Palawan islands of the Philippines....

    (Boettger, 1893)
  • Hylarana moluccana
    Hylarana moluccana
    Hylarana moluccana is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the Maluku Islands of Indonesia....

    (Boettger, 1895)
  • Hylarana montivaga
    Hylarana montivaga
    Hylarana montivaga is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Thailand and Vietnam, and may also be present in Laos and Cambodia....

    (Smith, 1921)
  • Hylarana mortenseni
    Hylarana mortenseni
    Hylarana mortenseni is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Cambodia and Thailand....

    (Boulenger, 1903)
  • Hylarana nicobariensis
    Hylarana nicobariensis
    Hylarana nicobariensis is an amphibian of the genus Hylarana, which can be found in lowland secondary forests or disturbed areas such as swamps....

    (Stoliczka, 1870)
  • Hylarana nigrovittata
    Hylarana nigrovittata
    Hylarana nigrovittata is also known as the sapgreen stream frog, is a species of frog in the Ranidae family. It is found in Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and possibly Bangladesh....

    (Blyth, 1856) - sapgreen stream frog
  • Hylarana novaeguineae
    Hylarana novaeguineae
    Hylarana novaeguineae is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea....

    (Van Kampen, 1909)
  • Hylarana occidentalis (Perret, 1960)
  • Hylarana papua
    Hylarana papua
    Hylarana papua is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical swamps, subtropical or tropical moist montanes, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or...

    (Lesson, 1826)
  • Hylarana parkeriana (Mertens, 1938)
  • Hylarana parvacola
    Hylarana parvacola
    Hylarana parvacola is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is found in West Sumatra in Indonesia....

    (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009)
  • Hylarana persimilis
    Hylarana persimilis
    Hylarana persimilis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Sumatra, Indonesia....

    (Van Kampen, 1923)
  • Hylarana picturata (Boulenger, 1920) - spotted stream frog
  • Hylarana raniceps
    Hylarana raniceps
    Hylarana raniceps is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Brunei Darussalam, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and possibly Myanmar....

    (Peters, 1871)
  • Hylarana rufipes
    Hylarana rufipes
    Hylarana rufipes is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It was found in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia....

    (Inger, Stuart, and Iskandar, 2009)
  • Hylarana scutigera
    Hylarana scutigera
    Hylarana scutigera is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Thailand....

    (Andersson, 1916)
  • Hylarana siberu
    Hylarana siberu
    Hylarana siberu, commonly known as the Siberut Island frog, is a species of true frog. It resembles the Hylarana picturata, but can be distinguished by its continuous dorsolateral stripe, an immaculate dorsum without spots and the males lack nuptial pads...

    (Dring, McCarthy, and Whitten, 1990) - Siberut Island frog
  • Hylarana signata
    Hylarana signata
    Hylarana signata, commonly known as the striped stream frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand....

    (Günther, 1872) - striped stream frog
  • Hylarana similis
    Hylarana similis
    Hylarana similis is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Luzon and surrounding smaller islands in the Philippines....

    (Günther, 1873)
  • Hylarana spinulosa
    Hylarana spinulosa
    Hylarana spinulosa is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to southern China....

    (Smith, 1923)
  • Hylarana supragrisea
    Hylarana supragrisea
    Hylarana supragrisea is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea....

    (Menzies, 1987)
  • Hylarana taipehensis
    Hylarana taipehensis
    Hylarana taipehensis, commonly known as the two-striped grass frog, is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is found in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, and Vietnam....

    (Van Denburgh, 1909) - two-striped grass frog
  • Hylarana temporalis (Günther, 1864) - bronzed frog
  • Hylarana tipanan
    Hylarana tipanan
    Hylarana tipanan is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to the Sierra Madre mountains of the island of Luzon, Philippines....

    (Brown, McGuire, and Diesmos, 2000)
  • Hylarana tytleri Theobald, 1868
  • Hylarana volkerjane
    Hylarana volkerjane
    Hylarana volkerjane is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Indonesia....

    (Günther, 2003)
  • Hylarana waliesa
    Hylarana waliesa
    Hylarana waliesa is a species of true frog in the genus Hylarana. It is native to Papua New Guinea....

    (Kraus and Allison, 2007)

See also

  • Rana
    Rana (genus)
    Rana is a genus of frogs. Species include such archetypal pond frogs as the common frog of Europe, brown frogs, and the New and Old World true frogs, including the various species of leopard frogs and the American bullfrog. Members of this genus are found through much of Eurasia, North America,...

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