Ibrahim Kaypakkaya
Encyclopedia
Turkey
Turkey , known officially as the Republic of Turkey , is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe...
communist movement. He was a former member of the Revolutionary Workers and Peasants Party of Turkey
Revolutionary Workers and Peasants Party of Turkey
Türkiye İhtilâlci İşçi Köylü Partisi , a pro-Chinese communist party in Turkey. TİİKP was founded in 1971 by the Proleter Devrimci Aydınlık group, that had broken away from Dev-Genç . The chairman of TİİKP was Doğu Perinçek...
. He later split from this party and established the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist is a clandestine communist organization in Turkey currently waging a war against the Turkish Government. It was founded in 1972 with İbrahim Kaypakkaya as its first leader...
(TKP/ML.)
Following the military memorandum of 1971 the Turkish government cracked down on the communist movement in Turkey, and was successful in destroying the machinery of the TKP/ML. Kaypakkaya and several of his colleagues were arrested. Kaypakkaya died in prison in 1973 where he was tortured, and finally, shot in the head by his interrogator.
Doctrine
His doctrinal views were based on splitting away from the neighboring Soviet Union'sSoviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
ideology and taking up Maoism
Maoism
Maoism, also known as the Mao Zedong Thought , is claimed by Maoists as an anti-Revisionist form of Marxist communist theory, derived from the teachings of the Chinese political leader Mao Zedong . Developed during the 1950s and 1960s, it was widely applied as the political and military guiding...
and supporting the Cultural Revolution
Cultural Revolution
The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, commonly known as the Cultural Revolution , was a socio-political movement that took place in the People's Republic of China from 1966 through 1976...
. As such, Kaypakkaya's life was heavily shaped by the Sino-Soviet split
Sino-Soviet split
In political science, the term Sino–Soviet split denotes the worsening of political and ideologic relations between the People's Republic of China and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the Cold War...
.
Kaypakkaya also took the position that there is a national question involved with the Kurdish people.
TKP/ML
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist re-organized between 1973 and 1978. The first party congress took place in 1978 (TKP/ML I. Kongresi in Turkish). In 1981 the second congress was organized (TKP/ML II. Kongresi). The party split following the second congress, the splinter taking up the name Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan-Turkey)Bolshevik Party (North Kurdistan-Turkey)
Bolshevik Party is a clandestine communist organization in Turkey. It was founded as the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist in 1981, following a split from the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist.Despite having the denomination "Kurdistan" in its title the party is not a Kurdish...
.
However it was neither the first nor the last split in the party. The Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi was a clandestine communist party in Turkey. TKP/ML Hareketi was born in 1976, through a split in the Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist...
had already split in (1976) during the re-organisation period. Other splits followed the second congress: Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Revolutionary Proletarian (1987), Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist (Maoist Party Centre)
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist (Maoist Party Centre)
Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist is a clandestine communist organization in Turkey currently waging a war against the Turkish Government...
(1987) and Maoist Communist Party
Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)
Maoist Communist Party is a clandestine communist organization in Turkey. It was founded in 1994 when a faction split from Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist .MKP is a part of Revolutionary Internationalist Movement and participates in the Conference of...
(1994).
Today the organisation is listed among the 12 active terrorist organisation in Turkey as of 2007 according to Counter-Terrorism and Operations Department of Directorate General for Security (Turkish police
Law enforcement in Turkey
Law enforcement in Turkey is carried out by several departments and agencies, all acting under the command of the Prime Minister of Turkey or mostly the Minister of Internal Affairs....
).