Integrated National Police
Encyclopedia
The Integrated National Police (INP) (Filipino
: Pinagsamang Pulisyang Pambansa) (PPP) was one of two national police
forces in the Philippines
prior to 1991. It served basically as the municipal police
force for the cities and large towns of the country.
In order to correct such deficiencies, the 1973 constitution provided for the integration of public safety
forces. Several presidential decrees were subsequently issued, integrating the police, fire, and jail services in the 1,500 cities and municipalities into the INP. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree 765 officially established the joint command structure of the Philippine Constabulary and Integrated National Police.
Approximately 10 percent of INP personnel staff were fire protection, and prison officials. The Philippine National Police Academy provided training for INP officer cadets. Established under the INP's Training Command in 1978, the academy offered a bachelor of science
degree in public safety following a two-year course of study. Admission to the school was highly competitive.
retained responsibility for dealing with serious crimes or cases involving jurisdictions far apart from one another, and the INP took charge of less serious crimes and local traffic, crime prevention, and public safety.
The constabulary's seventy-three provincial commanders, in their capacity as provincial police superintendents, had operational control of Integrated National Police forces in their respective provinces.
Provinces were further subdivided into 147 police districts, stations, and substations in towns and cities. The constabulary was responsible for patrolling remote rural areas.
In Metro Manila
's four cities and thirteen municipalities, the Integrated National Police's Metropolitan Police Force shared the headquarters of the constabulary's Metropolitan Command. The commanding general of the Metropolitan Command was also the director of the INP's Metropolitan Police Force and directed the operations of the capital's four police and fire districts.
, or PNP, who took responsibility for most former INP functions, including fire and jail services, The PNP assumed responsibility for the counterinsurgency effort from the Armed Forces of the Philippines
in 1993.
Filipino language
This move has drawn much criticism from other regional groups.In 1987, a new constitution introduced many provisions for the language.Article XIV, Section 6, omits any mention of Tagalog as the basis for Filipino, and states that:...
: Pinagsamang Pulisyang Pambansa) (PPP) was one of two national police
Police
The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...
forces in the Philippines
Philippines
The Philippines , officially known as the Republic of the Philippines , is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam...
prior to 1991. It served basically as the municipal police
Municipal police
.Municipal police are law enforcement agencies that are under the control of local government, including the municipal government, where it is the smallest administrative subdivision. They receive pay from the city budget, and usually have fewer rights than the "state paid" police...
force for the cities and large towns of the country.
Development
Until the mid-1970s, the independent city and municipal police forces took charge of maintaining peace and order on a local level, calling on the PC for aid when the need arose. The National Police Commission was established in 1966 to improve the professionalism and training of local police and exercised some supervisory authority over the police. However, it was widely seen that this system had several serious defects such jurisdictional limitations, lack of uniformity, poor interagency coordination, disputes between police forces. Lastly was the partisan political involvement in police employment, appointments, assignments, and promotions with local political bosses routinely using the police as private armies to protect their personal interests and intimidate their political opponents.In order to correct such deficiencies, the 1973 constitution provided for the integration of public safety
Public Safety
Public safety involves the prevention of and protection from events that could endanger the safety of the general public from significant danger, injury/harm, or damage, such as crimes or disasters .-See also:* By nation...
forces. Several presidential decrees were subsequently issued, integrating the police, fire, and jail services in the 1,500 cities and municipalities into the INP. On August 8, 1975, Presidential Decree 765 officially established the joint command structure of the Philippine Constabulary and Integrated National Police.
Approximately 10 percent of INP personnel staff were fire protection, and prison officials. The Philippine National Police Academy provided training for INP officer cadets. Established under the INP's Training Command in 1978, the academy offered a bachelor of science
Bachelor of Science
A Bachelor of Science is an undergraduate academic degree awarded for completed courses that generally last three to five years .-Australia:In Australia, the BSc is a 3 year degree, offered from 1st year on...
degree in public safety following a two-year course of study. Admission to the school was highly competitive.
Criticism
Integrated National Police was the subject of some criticism and were accused of involvement in illegal activities, violent acts and abuse and charges of corruption were frequent. To correct their image problem, the government sponsored highly publicised programs to identify and punish police offenders, and training designed to raise their standard of appearance, conduct, and performance.Duties
The Integrated National Police was assigned responsibility for public safety, protection of lives and property, enforcement of laws, and maintenance of peace and order throughout the nation. To carry out these responsibilities, it was given powers "to prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders and provide for their detention and rehabilitation, prevent and control fires, investigate the commission of all crimes and offenses, bring the offenders to justice, and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety." The Philippine ConstabularyPhilippine Constabulary
The Philippine Constabulary ' was the oldest of four service commands of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. It was a gendarmerie type para-military police force of the Philippines established in 1901 by the United States-appointed administrative authority replacing the Guardia Civil...
retained responsibility for dealing with serious crimes or cases involving jurisdictions far apart from one another, and the INP took charge of less serious crimes and local traffic, crime prevention, and public safety.
Organization
The INP's organization paralleled that of the PC in that the thirteen PC regional command headquarters were the nuclei for the Integrated National Police's regional commands.The constabulary's seventy-three provincial commanders, in their capacity as provincial police superintendents, had operational control of Integrated National Police forces in their respective provinces.
Provinces were further subdivided into 147 police districts, stations, and substations in towns and cities. The constabulary was responsible for patrolling remote rural areas.
In Metro Manila
Metro Manila
Metropolitan Manila , the National Capital Region , or simply Metro Manila, is the metropolitan region encompassing the City of Manila and its surrounding areas in the Philippines...
's four cities and thirteen municipalities, the Integrated National Police's Metropolitan Police Force shared the headquarters of the constabulary's Metropolitan Command. The commanding general of the Metropolitan Command was also the director of the INP's Metropolitan Police Force and directed the operations of the capital's four police and fire districts.
Merger
On January 1, 1991, the INP was folded into the PC to form the Philippine National PolicePhilippine National Police
The Philippine National Police is the national police force of the Republic of the Philippines. It is both a national and a local police force in that it does provides all law enforcement services throughout the Philippines...
, or PNP, who took responsibility for most former INP functions, including fire and jail services, The PNP assumed responsibility for the counterinsurgency effort from the Armed Forces of the Philippines
Armed Forces of the Philippines
The Armed Forces of the Philippines is composed of the Philippine Army, Philippine Navy and Philippine Air Force...
in 1993.