Jaguar (cartoonist)
Encyclopedia
Sérgio Jaguaribe known as Jaguar, is a Brazil
ian cartoonist
and comics artist
. He was born in Rio de Janeiro
.
A Banco do Brasil
clerk, Jaguar started sketching in a professional basis in 1952, when he offered the weekly magazine Manchete some cartoons loosely based on the work of the French-Hungarian cartoonist André François
. After working for Manchete and the culture monthly Senhor, he became famous in the 1960s for his works, among whose highlights were his illustrations to the collections of satirical chronicles by Sergio Porto entitled FEBEAPÁ (acronym for "The Festival of Stupidities that plagues our country" - the chronicles dealt mostly with the petty ridicules of the Military Dictatorship in Brazil), as well as his cartoon anthology "Átila, você é bárbaro" ("Attila, you're barbarous!"). In 1969 -together with his fellow cartoonists Millôr Fernandes
, Ziraldo and others journalistic celebrities, he founded the groundbreaking satirical newspaper O Pasquim
.
One of his most popular creations at the time was the comic strip Chopiniks (from "chope", a Brazilian vernacular
for draft beer), which was sketched by Jaguar on scripts written by Ivan Lessa
. Originally designed as a means to advertise a new brand of beer, the strip was a satirical portrayal of the bohemian 1960s Rio de Janeiro intelligentsia that gathered around the nighbourhood of Ipanema
, its chief characters being the bohemians Robespierre (from Maximilien Robespierre
: the character was created after a friend of Jaguar's actually named Marat
, for the French revolutionary) and "BD" (named after another friend of Jaguar's, the bohemian Hugo Bidet), who had as their sidekick BD's pet Sig (from "Sigmund"
), a neurotic, debauched mouse
(in the stories he's called a rat
), who had as his real life model Bidet's pet white mouse (who died after being treated to a diet of bread crumbs drenched in vodka
), but was at the same time conceived as a satirical answer to Mickey Mouse
. Sig was in charge of most of the story's comic vignettes, many of whom were actual bon mots who had found their way into Jaguar's strip. Such is the case of the famous tag: "Intelectuals don't go to the beach. Intellectuals booze" - a phrase attributed by Jaguar to the journalist Paulo Francis
- which is reproduced in one of the strips as being spoken by BD http://www.abralatas.com.br/noticias/2007_noticias_lista.asp?idmateria=144.
In a late interview, Jaguar defined itself as a cartoonist, in the Brazilian vernacular sense of a cartum maker - cartum meaning a graphic joke based on stock models and situations, as opposed, in Jaguar's view, to caricature
, which is concerned with offering satirical commentary on an actual situation. In the portrayal of a particular milieu - that of bohemian 1960s Rio - he actually excelled, if only to be superseded by the demise of the same milieu.
The last of the Pasquims founders to keep on editing the paper through the 1980s, when the weekly had lost almost all of its public and influence, and Jaguar had to bank on the financial support of the Rio de Janeiro governor Leonel Brizola
. When even that wasn't enough, Jaguar had actually the task of closing the paper in 1991, something that left him personally bankrupt and saddened. During the 1990s, he worked as editor at the tabloid daily A Notícia. In a 2001 interview, he said that "if I were a type who cared, I would have myself killed long ago".
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian cartoonist
Cartoonist
A cartoonist is a person who specializes in drawing cartoons. This work is usually humorous, mainly created for entertainment, political commentary or advertising...
and comics artist
Comics artist
A comics artist is an artist working within the comics medium on comic strips, comic books or graphic novels. The term may refer to any number of artists who contribute to produce a work in the comics form, from those who oversee all aspects of the work to those who contribute only a part.-Comic...
. He was born in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
.
A Banco do Brasil
Banco do Brasil
Banco do Brasil S.A. is the largest Brazilian and Latin American bank by assets, and the third by market value. The bank, headquartered in Brasília, was founded in 1808 and is the oldest active bank in Brazil — and one of the oldest financial institutions in the world.Banco do Brasil is controlled...
clerk, Jaguar started sketching in a professional basis in 1952, when he offered the weekly magazine Manchete some cartoons loosely based on the work of the French-Hungarian cartoonist André François
André François
André François , born André Farkas, was a Hungarian-born French cartoonist.He was born to a Hungarian Jewish family in Temesvár, Austria-Hungary , He studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Budapest . He moved to Paris in 1934 and entered to the atelier of the famous poster artist Adolphe Cassandre...
. After working for Manchete and the culture monthly Senhor, he became famous in the 1960s for his works, among whose highlights were his illustrations to the collections of satirical chronicles by Sergio Porto entitled FEBEAPÁ (acronym for "The Festival of Stupidities that plagues our country" - the chronicles dealt mostly with the petty ridicules of the Military Dictatorship in Brazil), as well as his cartoon anthology "Átila, você é bárbaro" ("Attila, you're barbarous!"). In 1969 -together with his fellow cartoonists Millôr Fernandes
Millôr Fernandes
Millôr Fernandes is a Brazilian cartoonist, humorist and playwright.He was born in Rio de Janeiro, and started his journalistic career already in 1938, publishing in several Brazilian magazines....
, Ziraldo and others journalistic celebrities, he founded the groundbreaking satirical newspaper O Pasquim
O Pasquim
O Pasquim is the name of a Brazilian periodical which was the first and most important to resist against the Brazilian military dictatorship. The idea for the periodical began in 1968 after a meeting of cartoonist Jaguar with journalists Tarso de Castro and Sérgio Cabral .They were looking for an...
.
One of his most popular creations at the time was the comic strip Chopiniks (from "chope", a Brazilian vernacular
Vernacular
A vernacular is the native language or native dialect of a specific population, as opposed to a language of wider communication that is not native to the population, such as a national language or lingua franca.- Etymology :The term is not a recent one...
for draft beer), which was sketched by Jaguar on scripts written by Ivan Lessa
Ivan Lessa
Ivan Pinheiro Themudo Lessa is a Brazilian journalist and writer of American descent. Born in São Paulo, he is the son of the journalist and writer Elsie Lessa and the writer Orígenes Lessa and the father of the British writer Juliana Foster....
. Originally designed as a means to advertise a new brand of beer, the strip was a satirical portrayal of the bohemian 1960s Rio de Janeiro intelligentsia that gathered around the nighbourhood of Ipanema
Ipanema
For other uses, see Ipanema . For the British rock band, see Ipanema .Ipanema is a neighborhood located in the southern region of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between Leblon and Arpoador...
, its chief characters being the bohemians Robespierre (from Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre is one of the best-known and most influential figures of the French Revolution. He largely dominated the Committee of Public Safety and was instrumental in the period of the Revolution commonly known as the Reign of Terror, which ended with his...
: the character was created after a friend of Jaguar's actually named Marat
Jean-Paul Marat
Jean-Paul Marat , born in the Principality of Neuchâtel, was a physician, political theorist, and scientist best known for his career in France as a radical journalist and politician during the French Revolution...
, for the French revolutionary) and "BD" (named after another friend of Jaguar's, the bohemian Hugo Bidet), who had as their sidekick BD's pet Sig (from "Sigmund"
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud , born Sigismund Schlomo Freud , was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis...
), a neurotic, debauched mouse
Mouse
A mouse is a small mammal belonging to the order of rodents. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse . It is also a popular pet. In some places, certain kinds of field mice are also common. This rodent is eaten by large birds such as hawks and eagles...
(in the stories he's called a rat
Rat
Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents of the superfamily Muroidea. "True rats" are members of the genus Rattus, the most important of which to humans are the black rat, Rattus rattus, and the brown rat, Rattus norvegicus...
), who had as his real life model Bidet's pet white mouse (who died after being treated to a diet of bread crumbs drenched in vodka
Vodka
Vodka , is a distilled beverage. It is composed primarily of water and ethanol with traces of impurities and flavorings. Vodka is made by the distillation of fermented substances such as grains, potatoes, or sometimes fruits....
), but was at the same time conceived as a satirical answer to Mickey Mouse
Mickey Mouse
Mickey Mouse is a cartoon character created in 1928 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks at The Walt Disney Studio. Mickey is an anthropomorphic black mouse and typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves...
. Sig was in charge of most of the story's comic vignettes, many of whom were actual bon mots who had found their way into Jaguar's strip. Such is the case of the famous tag: "Intelectuals don't go to the beach. Intellectuals booze" - a phrase attributed by Jaguar to the journalist Paulo Francis
Paulo Francis
Paulo Francis , was a Brazilian journalist, political pundit, novelist and critic....
- which is reproduced in one of the strips as being spoken by BD http://www.abralatas.com.br/noticias/2007_noticias_lista.asp?idmateria=144.
In a late interview, Jaguar defined itself as a cartoonist, in the Brazilian vernacular sense of a cartum maker - cartum meaning a graphic joke based on stock models and situations, as opposed, in Jaguar's view, to caricature
Caricature
A caricature is a portrait that exaggerates or distorts the essence of a person or thing to create an easily identifiable visual likeness. In literature, a caricature is a description of a person using exaggeration of some characteristics and oversimplification of others.Caricatures can be...
, which is concerned with offering satirical commentary on an actual situation. In the portrayal of a particular milieu - that of bohemian 1960s Rio - he actually excelled, if only to be superseded by the demise of the same milieu.
The last of the Pasquims founders to keep on editing the paper through the 1980s, when the weekly had lost almost all of its public and influence, and Jaguar had to bank on the financial support of the Rio de Janeiro governor Leonel Brizola
Leonel Brizola
Leonel de Moura Brizola was a Brazilian politician. Launched in politics by Getúlio Vargas, Brizola was the only politician to serve as governor of two different states in the whole history of Brazil. In 1959 he was elected governor of Rio Grande do Sul, and in 1982 and 1990 he was elected...
. When even that wasn't enough, Jaguar had actually the task of closing the paper in 1991, something that left him personally bankrupt and saddened. During the 1990s, he worked as editor at the tabloid daily A Notícia. In a 2001 interview, he said that "if I were a type who cared, I would have myself killed long ago".