Jainendra Kumar
Encyclopedia
Jainendra Kumar born Anandi Lal (January 2, 1905-December 24, 1988), was an influential Hindi writer of 20th century. He explored the human psyche in novels such as Sunita and Tyagapatra.
He was awarded one of India's highest civil honours Padma Bhushan
in 1971. He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award
in 1966, for his work Muktibodh (Novelette), and its highest award, the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
in 1979.
. He received his early education at Rishabh Bhrahmacharyashram, Hastinapur, Uttar Pradesh
, which was founded by his maternal uncle. It was here that he got his name Jainendra Kumar. He left the place in 1912 and went to give metric exams in private in 12 from Punjab.
Thereafter he joined Banaras Hindu University
(BHU), for higher education, though he left even that in the favour of joining the Non-cooperation movement
of Mahatma Gandhi. He started writing around 1926, after unsuccessfully trying hand at business in Calcutta. His first collection of stories title Phansi (फांसी) came out in 1930.
He was closely involved in the Indian Freedom Struggle. Along with Premchand, he established the Hindustani Sabhaa in Lahore
where Dr. Zakir Hussain and Josh Malihabadi
were some of the noted members. After the death of Premchand, he became the editor of Hans
. He was closely associated with the luminaries of Indian Freedom Struggle like Mahatma Gandhi
, Vinoba Bhave
, Ravindra Nath Tagore and others.
He died on December 24, 1988.
(Sahitya Academy Award)
He was awarded one of India's highest civil honours Padma Bhushan
Padma Bhushan
The Padma Bhushan is the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, but comes before the Padma Shri. It is awarded by the Government of India.-History:...
in 1971. He was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award
Sahitya Akademi Award
Sahitya Akademi Award is a literary honor in India which Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, annually confers on writers of outstanding works in one of the following twenty-four major Indian languagesAssamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, English, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri,...
in 1966, for his work Muktibodh (Novelette), and its highest award, the Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
Sahitya Akademi Fellowship
The Sahitya Akademi Fellowship is a literary honour in India. Awarded by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, to the "immortals of literature," and limited to twenty one individuals at any given time, it is the highest literary honour conferred by the Government of India...
in 1979.
Biography
Jainendra Kumar was born as Anandi Lal on January 2, 1905, in Kodiyaganj, Aligarh, Uttar PradeshUttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
. He received his early education at Rishabh Bhrahmacharyashram, Hastinapur, Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh abbreviation U.P. , is a state located in the northern part of India. With a population of over 200 million people, it is India's most populous state, as well as the world's most populous sub-national entity...
, which was founded by his maternal uncle. It was here that he got his name Jainendra Kumar. He left the place in 1912 and went to give metric exams in private in 12 from Punjab.
Thereafter he joined Banaras Hindu University
Banaras Hindu University
Banaras Hindu University is a public university located in Varanasi, India and is one of the Central Universities of India. It is the largest residential university in Asia, with over 24,000 students in its campus. BHU was founded in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malviya under the Parliamentary...
(BHU), for higher education, though he left even that in the favour of joining the Non-cooperation movement
Non-cooperation movement
The non-cooperation movement was a significant phase of the Indian struggle for freedom from British rule which lasted for years. This movement, which lasted from September 1920 to February 1922 and was led by Mohandas Gandhi, and supported by the Indian National Congress. It aimed to resist...
of Mahatma Gandhi. He started writing around 1926, after unsuccessfully trying hand at business in Calcutta. His first collection of stories title Phansi (फांसी) came out in 1930.
He was closely involved in the Indian Freedom Struggle. Along with Premchand, he established the Hindustani Sabhaa in Lahore
Lahore
Lahore is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in the country. With a rich and fabulous history dating back to over a thousand years ago, Lahore is no doubt Pakistan's cultural capital. One of the most densely populated cities in the world, Lahore remains a...
where Dr. Zakir Hussain and Josh Malihabadi
Josh Malihabadi
Josh Malihabadi was a noted Urdu poet born in British India, who was an Indian citizen until 1958, when he emigrated to Pakistan and became a Pakistani citizen...
were some of the noted members. After the death of Premchand, he became the editor of Hans
Hans
Hans may refer to:*Hans, Marne, a commune in France*Hans, Magazine, a Hindi literary magazine in India*Hans Island, contested between Greenland and Canada* Hans , a given name...
. He was closely associated with the luminaries of Indian Freedom Struggle like Mahatma Gandhi
Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , pronounced . 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was the pre-eminent political and ideological leader of India during the Indian independence movement...
, Vinoba Bhave
Vinoba Bhave
Vinoba Bhave , born Vinayak Narahari Bhave often called Acharya , was an Indian advocate of nonviolence and human rights. He is best known for the Bhoodan Andolan...
, Ravindra Nath Tagore and others.
He died on December 24, 1988.
Literary Works
- Phansi
- Tyagapatra
- Suneeta
- Neelam Desh ki Rajkanya
- Ek Raat
- Vatayan
- Parakh
- Ankita
(Sahitya Academy Award)
- Sukhda
- Kalyani
- Jayvardhan
- Dashark
- Akal Purush Gandhi
- Premchand: Ek Krati Vyaktitva
- Sahitya ka Shrey Aur Prey
- Samay Aur Hum
- Jeevan Sahitya Aur Paramparayein
- Gandhi aur Humara Samay Tatha Sanskriti
Awards
- Hindustani Academy, 1929 for Parakh
- Bharat Sarkar Shiksha Mantralaya, 1952 for Prem Mein Bhagwan, 1953 for Paap Aur Prakash
- Sahitya Academy Award, 1965 for Muktibodh
- Hastimal Dalmiya Puraskaar
- Uttar PRadesh Raajya Sarkar, 1970 for Samay Aur Hum
- Padma BhushanPadma BhushanThe Padma Bhushan is the third highest civilian award in the Republic of India, after the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan, but comes before the Padma Shri. It is awarded by the Government of India.-History:...
, 1971 - Sahitya Academy Fellowship, 1974