Jalandhar
Encyclopedia
Jalandhar is a city in Jalandhar District
in the state of Punjab, India. It is located 144 km northwest of the state capital, Chandigarh
. It was known as Prasthala at the time of the Mahabharta and as Jullundur in British
times.
Jalandhar is another name of Lord Shiva.
Jalandhar and Multan
are the oldest surviving cities of the Punjab region
, with historical references as far back as A.D. 100. The Jalandhar Doab (the region surrounding the city between the Beas
and Sutlej
rivers) also marked the easternmost territory of the empire of Alexander the Great. He erected giant altars in this area to mark the eastern most extent of his empire and also founded a city named Alexandria in the vicinity and left many Macedon
ian veterans there.
In the 7th century, when the famous Chinese traveller and pilgrim Hiuen Tsang visited India
during the reign of Harsha Vardhana, the Kingdom of Jalandhara or Trigarta was under the rule of Raja Utito (whom Alexander Cunningham identifies with the Rajput Raja Attar Chand of the Katoch
dynasty). The kingdom was said to have extended 167 miles (269 km) from east to west and 133 miles (214 km) from north to south, thus including the hill states of Chamba, Mandi and Suket (Himachal Pradesh) and Satadru or Sirhind in the plains. The city proper of Jalandhar was, when visited by Hiuen Tsiang, a large city, miles in circuit, and functioned as the capital of a Rajput
kingdom. Raja Utito was a tributary of Harsh Vardhana. The Rajput Rajas appear to have continued to rule over the country right up to the 12th century, with occasional interruptions, but their capital was Jalandhar and Kangra formed an important stronghold.
According to the Chinese pilgrim Fa Hien, who traveled India between 399 and 411 C.E., there were a great many Vihara
s of Buddhism in India. In the Jalandhar Doab, there were as many as 50 Viharas of Buddhism. The Buddhist religion was adopted by a large number of people. As per some historians and scholars the fourth Buddhist Council out of total six Buddhist Councils took place in Jalandhar in the first century AD during the reign of King Kanishka
. The fourth council of Mahayana Buddhism took place here, and placed Buddha as a God at the council.
Jalandhar became the seat of Nath
movement from 8th to 10th century AD, one of its greatest saint was Jalandhar Nath, whose samadhi
later became the site of the existing shrine of Imam Nasir-ud-din Chishti in the fifteenth century. From the later half of the tenth century up to AD 1019, the district was included in the Shahi Kingdom of the Punjab and Jalandhar was an important city in the region. In about 1188 it fell to the control of Ibrahim Shah of Ghor. Under the Mughals Jalandhar was the capital of a sarkar
.
In 1758 Maharaja Ghamand Chand of the Katoch
dynasty was made the (first ever Rajput) Nizam of Jalandhar by the Durranis
. Many Rajputs lived in and around the surrounding areas of Jalandhar before the partition in 1947. With the partition of the country, many like the Manj and Rawal Rajputs went to settle in the Pakistan side of the Punjab, whilst some went to other countries.
Jalandhar was captured by the Sikh
s in 1757 and captured by the Faizullahpuria confederacy in 1766. Ranjit Singh
annexed it in 1811, and in 1846 Jalandhar became the headquarters of the territory acquired by the British
after the first First Anglo-Sikh War
s. During British rule
Jalandhar became the headquarters, of the Division and District of the same name.During 1939 to 1945 C.M. Ormerod was the Deputy Commissioner of Jalandhar district. He was in charge of Land Revenue department and chairman of District Board to administer Roads, Hospitals, and schools in the four subdivision of Jalandhar district, namely Jalandhar, Nakodar, Philaur, and Nawanshahr. District Board was composed of committee members nominated by DC from each subdivision. The secretary of District Board was Sardar Narinder Singh from village Shankar and prominent members were Sardar Santa Singh Zaildar from Jalandhar subdivision and Sardar Gurbachan Singh Zaildar from village Garhpadhana subdivision Nawanshahr. The last commissioner of Jalandhar in 1949 was Mr Fletcher before an Indian national took over this position. In 1947 with the independence and partition of India
the Muslim
population left for Pakistan
while Hindu
s and Sikh
s arrived from the other direction.
The population of Jalandhar City in the 21st century is rapidly growing. New colonies have been built, as well as new blocks and model towns. Many villages have been integrated into the growing Jalandhar City.
Jalandhar City is mainly Sikh, with tiny numbers of Hindus from the Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Kashmir states of India who recently have started to migrate to the fast growing Jalandhar City.
with cool winters and hot summers. Summers last from April to June and winters from November to February. Temperatures in the summer vary from average highs of around 48 °C (118.4 °F) to average lows of around 25 °C (77 °F). Winter temperatures vary from highs of 19 °C (66.2 °F) to lows of -5 C. The climate is dry on the whole, except during the brief southwest monsoon season during July and August. The average annual rainfall is about 70 cm.
Jalandhar has numerous hospitals, including Ruby Nelson Memorial Hospital of Seventh-Day-Adventist ,Akal Eye Hospital,Mahajan Eye Hospital, Thind Eye Hospital, Patel Hospital, Tagore Hospital, Lajwanti Hospital, Oxford Hospital, Pruthi Hospital, Guru Nanak Mission Hospital, Ruby Hospital, and Ghai Hospital. Although each hospital has its own identity,Akal Eye Hospital, Mahajan Eye Hospital and Thind Eye Hospital are on the world map for their Lasik
treatments. Jalandhar is also the world's biggest manufacturer of leather tool pouch
es and apron
s; major American and European customers buy from factories in Jalandhar. It is the biggest supplier of sports material in the country. Jalandhar was a hub of the Gandhi government's green revolution of India in the early 1960s. Dr. Dilbag Singh Athwal, a renowned scientist in plant breeding, developed India's first high-yield wheat, Kalyan. The wheat he named after his native village Kalyanpur
, 6 miles (9.7 km) southwest of Jalandhar. Later, Dr. Athwal headed the International Rice Research Institute and the International Agricultural Development Service. Dr. Athwal took early retirement from his position as senior vice president Rockefeller Institute. The village Kalyanpur (now part of Jalandhar) has produced prominent scientists including Dr. Raghbir Singh, Dr. Rajbir Kaur, and Dr. Iqbal Singh Athwal. Jalandhar also has an electrical goods industry. Manufacturers like Hazel India, Standard Switchgears and Apex Electricals are located in Jalandhar. An international sports market is situated in Jalandhar. Major sports brands such as BAS Vampire, Bhaseen's Baspo, JJ Jonex, and Syndicate Sports come from this part of the world.
Jalandhar is also known for thrust bearings and ball bearings; brands such as BKE, IBI and KKK belong to the city.
Posh Localities: Master Mota Singh Nagar, Model Town, Jawahar Nagar & Udham Singh Nagar
. Punjabi is the official language of the city of Jalandhar. Due to warm and enterprising nature of Punjabis, people from different cultures are settling here, enriching the city with new languages such as Hindi, English, Rajasthani, Himachali etc.
Local radio stations include:
Modern Book Depot, Subhash Book Depot and Gupta Book Depot are some of the oldest bookshops.
Also there are many learning centres such as Institute of Banking Services (IBS).
Construction on Jalandhar Cantonment
began in 1848. It is notable not only for its age, as it among the oldest cantonment
s in the country, but also for its proximity to Pakistan. It figured in the 1920 Connaught Rangers mutiny when Irish
soldiers replaced the Union Flag
with the Irish Republic
's flag
.
SINGH SAHIB GIANI SADHU SINGH JI BHAURA (1905-1984) former 'Jathedhar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib'
Bhupinder Pal Singh Mahoon from Laallian Kalan
, Rama-mandi, Jamsher Khas, Talhan, Salempur Masanda
, Parasrampur
, Gillaan, Gakhal
and Kukar Pind
Patara, Sarai-khas
. Wariana. Heerapur, Hailer, Rajowal, Sangalsohl,Sanghwal, Mand. Nagra, Nandanpur, Mirpur, Kotli, Gazipur, Fateh Jalaal, Soora, Nussi, Lambra, Rasoolpur, Talwandi Bharo, Hairan, Parjian, Malian, Uggi, Chitti, Khaira Majha, Pattar Kalan, Pattarkhurd, Nangal Manoor, Mudh, Sial, Sarhali, Lammapind, Shekha, Dhogri, Chuhrowali,Duhre, Kalabakra, Daroli kalan, Diwali, Dhina, Salempur, Talwan, Jandiala, Sangha Khalsa, Bhagala, Dakoha, Dhannowali, Ladhewali, Littran, Shafipur, Chachoki, Jandusingha, Singhpura. Daduwal, Semi, Khajurla, Bidhipur/Gopalpur, Khusropur,Takharan, Khambra, Lambra,momainwali, Sagranwali, Rajpur, Tandi, Bohgpur, Bandala
Jalandhar District
Jalandhar district , Jalandhar Zilā) is one of the 22 districts in the state of Punjab in North-West Republic of India. The capital is Jalandhar City...
in the state of Punjab, India. It is located 144 km northwest of the state capital, Chandigarh
Chandigarh
Chandigarh is a union territory of India that serves as the capital of two states, Haryana and Punjab. The name Chandigarh translates as "The Fort of Chandi". The name is from an ancient temple called Chandi Mandir, devoted to the Hindu goddess Chandi, in the city...
. It was known as Prasthala at the time of the Mahabharta and as Jullundur in British
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
times.
History
Jalandhar and Multan
Multan
Multan , is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan and capital of Multan District. It is located in the southern part of the province on the east bank of the Chenab River, more or less in the geographic centre of the country and about from Islamabad, from Lahore and from Karachi...
are the oldest surviving cities of the Punjab region
Punjab region
The Punjab , also spelled Panjab |water]]s"), is a geographical region straddling the border between Pakistan and India which includes Punjab province in Pakistan and the states of the Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh and some northern parts of the National Capital Territory of Delhi...
, with historical references as far back as A.D. 100. The Jalandhar Doab (the region surrounding the city between the Beas
Beas River
The Beas River is a river in the northern part of India. The river rises in the Himalayas in central Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows for some 470 km to the Sutlej River in the Indian state of Punjab....
and Sutlej
Sutlej
The Sutlej River is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroad region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. It is located north of the Vindhya Range, south of the Hindu Kush segment of the Himalayas, and east of the Central Sulaiman Range in Pakistan.The Sutlej...
rivers) also marked the easternmost territory of the empire of Alexander the Great. He erected giant altars in this area to mark the eastern most extent of his empire and also founded a city named Alexandria in the vicinity and left many Macedon
Macedon
Macedonia or Macedon was an ancient kingdom, centered in the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula, bordered by Epirus to the west, Paeonia to the north, the region of Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south....
ian veterans there.
In the 7th century, when the famous Chinese traveller and pilgrim Hiuen Tsang visited India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
during the reign of Harsha Vardhana, the Kingdom of Jalandhara or Trigarta was under the rule of Raja Utito (whom Alexander Cunningham identifies with the Rajput Raja Attar Chand of the Katoch
Katoch
Katoch is the name of a Rajput clan belonging to the Chandervanshi kshatriya lineage. Their traditional areas of residence was Trigarta Kingdom, Jalandhar, Multan i.e...
dynasty). The kingdom was said to have extended 167 miles (269 km) from east to west and 133 miles (214 km) from north to south, thus including the hill states of Chamba, Mandi and Suket (Himachal Pradesh) and Satadru or Sirhind in the plains. The city proper of Jalandhar was, when visited by Hiuen Tsiang, a large city, miles in circuit, and functioned as the capital of a Rajput
Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the patrilineal clans of western, central, northern India and in some parts of Pakistan. Rajputs are descendants of one of the major ruling warrior classes in the Indian subcontinent, particularly North India...
kingdom. Raja Utito was a tributary of Harsh Vardhana. The Rajput Rajas appear to have continued to rule over the country right up to the 12th century, with occasional interruptions, but their capital was Jalandhar and Kangra formed an important stronghold.
According to the Chinese pilgrim Fa Hien, who traveled India between 399 and 411 C.E., there were a great many Vihara
Vihara
Vihara is the Sanskrit and Pali term for a Buddhist monastery. It originally meant "a secluded place in which to walk", and referred to "dwellings" or "refuges" used by wandering monks during the rainy season....
s of Buddhism in India. In the Jalandhar Doab, there were as many as 50 Viharas of Buddhism. The Buddhist religion was adopted by a large number of people. As per some historians and scholars the fourth Buddhist Council out of total six Buddhist Councils took place in Jalandhar in the first century AD during the reign of King Kanishka
Kanishka
Kanishka ) was an emperor of the Kushan Empire, ruling an empire extending from Bactria to large parts of northern India in the 2nd century of the common era, and famous for his military, political, and spiritual achievements...
. The fourth council of Mahayana Buddhism took place here, and placed Buddha as a God at the council.
Jalandhar became the seat of Nath
Nath
The Sanskrit word nāthá or नाथ, is the proper name of a Hindu initiatory tradition and the word itself literally means "lord, protector, refuge"...
movement from 8th to 10th century AD, one of its greatest saint was Jalandhar Nath, whose samadhi
Samadhi
Samadhi in Hinduism, Buddhism,Jainism, Sikhism and yogic schools is a higher level of concentrated meditation, or dhyāna. In the yoga tradition, it is the eighth and final limb identified in the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali....
later became the site of the existing shrine of Imam Nasir-ud-din Chishti in the fifteenth century. From the later half of the tenth century up to AD 1019, the district was included in the Shahi Kingdom of the Punjab and Jalandhar was an important city in the region. In about 1188 it fell to the control of Ibrahim Shah of Ghor. Under the Mughals Jalandhar was the capital of a sarkar
Sarkar (country subdivision)
Sarkar is an historic administrative unit, used mostly in the Muslim states of the South Asia. It was a territorial division of a Suba or province. A Sarkar was further divided into territorial divisions for the administrative purpose which were called Mahallas or Parganas. The Mahallas or...
.
In 1758 Maharaja Ghamand Chand of the Katoch
Katoch
Katoch is the name of a Rajput clan belonging to the Chandervanshi kshatriya lineage. Their traditional areas of residence was Trigarta Kingdom, Jalandhar, Multan i.e...
dynasty was made the (first ever Rajput) Nizam of Jalandhar by the Durranis
Durrani Empire
The Durrani Empire was a Pashtun dynasty centered in Afghanistan and included northeastern Iran, the Kashmir region, the modern state of Pakistan, and northwestern India. It was established at Kandahar in 1747 by Ahmad Shah Durrani, an Afghan military commander under Nader Shah of Persia and chief...
. Many Rajputs lived in and around the surrounding areas of Jalandhar before the partition in 1947. With the partition of the country, many like the Manj and Rawal Rajputs went to settle in the Pakistan side of the Punjab, whilst some went to other countries.
Jalandhar was captured by the Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...
s in 1757 and captured by the Faizullahpuria confederacy in 1766. Ranjit Singh
Ranjit Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh Ji was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.-Early life:...
annexed it in 1811, and in 1846 Jalandhar became the headquarters of the territory acquired by the British
British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height, it was the...
after the first First Anglo-Sikh War
First Anglo-Sikh War
The First Anglo-Sikh War was fought between the Sikh Empire and the British East India Company between 1845 and 1846. It resulted in partial subjugation of the Sikh kingdom.-Background and causes of the war:...
s. During British rule
British Raj
British Raj was the British rule in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947; The term can also refer to the period of dominion...
Jalandhar became the headquarters, of the Division and District of the same name.During 1939 to 1945 C.M. Ormerod was the Deputy Commissioner of Jalandhar district. He was in charge of Land Revenue department and chairman of District Board to administer Roads, Hospitals, and schools in the four subdivision of Jalandhar district, namely Jalandhar, Nakodar, Philaur, and Nawanshahr. District Board was composed of committee members nominated by DC from each subdivision. The secretary of District Board was Sardar Narinder Singh from village Shankar and prominent members were Sardar Santa Singh Zaildar from Jalandhar subdivision and Sardar Gurbachan Singh Zaildar from village Garhpadhana subdivision Nawanshahr. The last commissioner of Jalandhar in 1949 was Mr Fletcher before an Indian national took over this position. In 1947 with the independence and partition of India
Partition of India
The Partition of India was the partition of British India on the basis of religious demographics that led to the creation of the sovereign states of the Dominion of Pakistan and the Union of India on 14 and 15...
the Muslim
Muslim
A Muslim, also spelled Moslem, is an adherent of Islam, a monotheistic, Abrahamic religion based on the Quran, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God as revealed to prophet Muhammad. "Muslim" is the Arabic term for "submitter" .Muslims believe that God is one and incomparable...
population left for Pakistan
Pakistan
Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...
while Hindu
Hindu
Hindu refers to an identity associated with the philosophical, religious and cultural systems that are indigenous to the Indian subcontinent. As used in the Constitution of India, the word "Hindu" is also attributed to all persons professing any Indian religion...
s and Sikh
Sikh
A Sikh is a follower of Sikhism. It primarily originated in the 15th century in the Punjab region of South Asia. The term "Sikh" has its origin in Sanskrit term शिष्य , meaning "disciple, student" or शिक्ष , meaning "instruction"...
s arrived from the other direction.
The population of Jalandhar City in the 21st century is rapidly growing. New colonies have been built, as well as new blocks and model towns. Many villages have been integrated into the growing Jalandhar City.
Jalandhar City is mainly Sikh, with tiny numbers of Hindus from the Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and Kashmir states of India who recently have started to migrate to the fast growing Jalandhar City.
Geography
The city has a humid subtropical climateHumid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a climate zone characterized by hot, humid summers and mild to cool winters...
with cool winters and hot summers. Summers last from April to June and winters from November to February. Temperatures in the summer vary from average highs of around 48 °C (118.4 °F) to average lows of around 25 °C (77 °F). Winter temperatures vary from highs of 19 °C (66.2 °F) to lows of -5 C. The climate is dry on the whole, except during the brief southwest monsoon season during July and August. The average annual rainfall is about 70 cm.
Economy
LASIK
LASIK or Lasik , commonly referred to simply as laser eye surgery, is a type of refractive surgery for correcting myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism...
treatments. Jalandhar is also the world's biggest manufacturer of leather tool pouch
Pouch
Pouch may refer to:* A small bag such as a pocket, teabag, money pouch, sporran, etc* Cadaver pouch, body bag * Diplomatic pouch* Electric heating pouch, medical apparatus, electric heating device for curative treatment...
es and apron
Apron
An apron is an outer protective garment that covers primarily the front of the body. It may be worn for hygienic reasons as well as in order to protect clothes from wear and tear. The apron is commonly part of the uniform of several work categories, including waitresses, nurses, and domestic...
s; major American and European customers buy from factories in Jalandhar. It is the biggest supplier of sports material in the country. Jalandhar was a hub of the Gandhi government's green revolution of India in the early 1960s. Dr. Dilbag Singh Athwal, a renowned scientist in plant breeding, developed India's first high-yield wheat, Kalyan. The wheat he named after his native village Kalyanpur
Kalyanpur
Kalyanpur, which means "City of Progress", is the name of several places in South Asia:Places* Kalyanpur, Agra, * Kalyanpur, Uttar Pradesh, in east Uttar Pradesh* Kalyanpur, Kanpur, also spelt Kalianpur...
, 6 miles (9.7 km) southwest of Jalandhar. Later, Dr. Athwal headed the International Rice Research Institute and the International Agricultural Development Service. Dr. Athwal took early retirement from his position as senior vice president Rockefeller Institute. The village Kalyanpur (now part of Jalandhar) has produced prominent scientists including Dr. Raghbir Singh, Dr. Rajbir Kaur, and Dr. Iqbal Singh Athwal. Jalandhar also has an electrical goods industry. Manufacturers like Hazel India, Standard Switchgears and Apex Electricals are located in Jalandhar. An international sports market is situated in Jalandhar. Major sports brands such as BAS Vampire, Bhaseen's Baspo, JJ Jonex, and Syndicate Sports come from this part of the world.
Jalandhar is also known for thrust bearings and ball bearings; brands such as BKE, IBI and KKK belong to the city.
Posh Localities: Master Mota Singh Nagar, Model Town, Jawahar Nagar & Udham Singh Nagar
Demographics
The first language of most people in the city is PunjabiPunjabi language
Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by inhabitants of the historical Punjab region . For Sikhs, the Punjabi language stands as the official language in which all ceremonies take place. In Pakistan, Punjabi is the most widely spoken language...
. Punjabi is the official language of the city of Jalandhar. Due to warm and enterprising nature of Punjabis, people from different cultures are settling here, enriching the city with new languages such as Hindi, English, Rajasthani, Himachali etc.
Media
The city serves as the region's headquarters for newspapers, national television and radio stations.- Punjab KesariPunjab KesariPunjab Kesari is a Hindi-language newspaper published from many centres in Punjab and Haryana in India....
- Jagbani
- Hind Samachar (Urdu)
- Daily Nawan Zamana
- Rozana Ajit (Daily Ajit)
- Akali Patrika
- Amar Ujala
- Dainik JagranDainik JagranDainik Jagran is a Hindi language daily broadsheet newspaper in India. According to the IRS Q1 2010, Dainik Jagran ranks No. 1 among the dailies with a Total Readership of 54,254,000.-Overview:...
- Dainik Bhaskar
- Doaba Headlines
- Hindustan TimesHindustan TimesHindustan Times is an Indian English-language daily newspaper founded in 1924 with roots in the Indian independence movement of the period ....
- The TribuneThe TribuneThe Tribune is an Indian English-language daily newspaper published from Chandigarh, New Delhi, Jalandhar, Dehradun and Bathinda. It was founded on 2 February 1881, in Lahore , by Sardar Dyal Singh Majithia, a public-spirited philanthropist, and is run by a trust comprising five eminent persons as...
Local radio stations include:
- Radio MantraRadio MantraRadio Mantra is owned and operated by Dainik Jagran Group promoting Shri Puran Multimedia Ltd . Radio Mantra has presence in eight cities across Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab & Jharkhand...
91.9FM - Radio MirchiRadio MirchiRadio Mirchi is a nationwide network of private FM radio stations in India. It is owned by the Entertainment Network India Ltd , which is one of the subsidiaries of The Times Group....
98.3FM - 94.3 My fm
- BIG FM 92.7
- All India RadioAll India RadioAll India Radio , officially known since 1956 as Akashvani , is the radio broadcaster of India and a division of Prasar Bharati. Established in 1936, it is the sister service of Prasar Bharati's Doordarshan, the national television broadcaster. All India Radio is one of the largest radio networks...
102.7FM
Education
Jalandhar city has a big book market where a variety of books can be bought or sold. This market area is known as Mai Hiran Gate or Adda Tanda Road.Modern Book Depot, Subhash Book Depot and Gupta Book Depot are some of the oldest bookshops.
Also there are many learning centres such as Institute of Banking Services (IBS).
Jalandhar Cantonment
Jalandhar Cantonment
Jalandhar Cantonment is a cantonment town in Jalandhar District in the Indian state of Punjab.It is one of the oldest cantonments in India, the construction of which was started in 1848 after the first Anglo-Sikh War, when the British settled in Northern India...
began in 1848. It is notable not only for its age, as it among the oldest cantonment
Cantonment
A cantonment is a temporary or semi-permanent military or police quarters. The word cantonment is derived from the French word canton meaning corner or district, as is the name of the Cantons of Switzerland. In South Asia, the term cantonment also describes permanent military stations...
s in the country, but also for its proximity to Pakistan. It figured in the 1920 Connaught Rangers mutiny when Irish
Irish people
The Irish people are an ethnic group who originate in Ireland, an island in northwestern Europe. Ireland has been populated for around 9,000 years , with the Irish people's earliest ancestors recorded having legends of being descended from groups such as the Nemedians, Fomorians, Fir Bolg, Tuatha...
soldiers replaced the Union Flag
Union Flag
The Union Flag, also known as the Union Jack, is the flag of the United Kingdom. It retains an official or semi-official status in some Commonwealth Realms; for example, it is known as the Royal Union Flag in Canada. It is also used as an official flag in some of the smaller British overseas...
with the Irish Republic
Irish Republic
The Irish Republic was a revolutionary state that declared its independence from Great Britain in January 1919. It established a legislature , a government , a court system and a police force...
's flag
Flag of Ireland
The national flag of Ireland is a vertical tricolour of green , white, and orange. It is also known as the Irish tricolour. The flag proportion is 1:2...
.
Notable People
- Hafeez Jullundhri, writer, poet, composer of the National Anthem of Pakistan
- General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, ex-Chief of Army Staff, Chief Martial Law AdministratorChief Martial Law AdministratorThe office of the Chief Martial Law Administrator was a senior government post created in countries such as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia that gave considerable executive authority and powers to the holder of the post to enforce martial law in the country. This office has been used mostly by...
and President of PakistanPresident of PakistanThe President of Pakistan is the head of state, as well as figurehead, of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Recently passed an XVIII Amendment , Pakistan has a parliamentary democratic system of government. According to the Constitution, the President is chosen by the Electoral College to serve a...
. - Bashir al-Najafi al-Jalandhari, one of the few grand ayatollahs of the Iraqi Shias
- Diwan Bhai Abdul HamidDiwan Bhai Abdul HamidDiwan Sir Abdul Hamid was Chief Minister of Kapurthala Princely State in India under the British Raj.-References:...
, chief minister of the princely state of Kapurthala - Lawrence DurrellLawrence DurrellLawrence George Durrell was an expatriate British novelist, poet, dramatist, and travel writer, though he resisted affiliation with Britain and preferred to be considered cosmopolitan...
, writer, born in Jalandhar - Harjinder Singh DilgeerHarjinder Singh DilgeerHarjinder Singh Dilgeer is a writer on Sikh culture and history. Dilgeer wrote about the concept and the history of Akal Takht Sahib, Sikh culture, Shiromani Akali Dal, the history of Anandpur Sahib, and Kiratpur Sahib. The Sikh Reference Book is his magnum opus. He has produced a Sikh...
, National Professor of Sikh History, former Director Sikh History Research Board, born in Jalandhar; author of 60+ books, including the Encyclopedia of Jalandhar - Ujjal DosanjhUjjal DosanjhUjjal Dev Singh Dosanjh, PC, QC, is a Sikh Canadian lawyer and politician. He served as 33rd Premier of British Columbia from 2000 to 2001 and as a Liberal Party of Canada Member of Parliament from 2004 to 2011 including a stint as Minister of Health from 2004 until 2006 when the party lost...
, former Canadian health minister and Premier of British Columbia, born in Dosanjh Kalan, educated in Jalandhar - Kundan Lal SaigalKundan Lal SaigalKundan Lal Saigal was an Indian singer and actor who is considered the first superstar of the Hindi film industry, which was centered in Calcutta during Saigal's time, but is currently centered in Mumbai.-Early life:Saigal was born at Jammu where his father Amar Chand was a tehsildar at the...
, Bollywood actor and singer - Baba Kashmira SinghBaba Kashmira SinghBaba Kashmira Singh is head of the Sidhant Sant Samaj or Gurbani Sidhant Pracharak Sant Samaj, a pro-Gurmat organization in Jalandhar, India. Formed in January, 1999, the organization rose to demand the removal of the controversial Gurcharan Singh Tohra from the Sant Samaj.Prior to Baba Kashmira...
, religious leader - Jagjit SinghJagjit Singh (writer)Jagjit Singh was an Indian writer and science popularizer. In college he excelled in mathematics courses, yet made his career as an important director of India's railways, applying his mathematical skills there. Upon retirement, he set out in writing several books, starting with Great Ideas of...
, ghazal singer who studied in DAV College, Jalandhar, where his room is still preserved - The Great Khali (Dalip Singh Rana), professional wrestler with World Wrestling EntertainmentWorld Wrestling EntertainmentWorld Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. is an American publicly traded, privately controlled entertainment company dealing primarily in professional wrestling, with major revenue sources also coming from film, music, product licensing, and direct product sales...
- Yash ChopraYash ChopraYash Raj Chopra is an Indian filmmaker, film director, screenwriter, and a highly successful Bollywood producer. Waqt, Deewar, Kabhi Kabhie, Silsila, Lamhe, Chandni, Darr, Dil To Pagal Hai, and Veer-Zaara are some of his highly popular movies...
, Bollywood director and writer - Paul NischalPaul NischalPaul Nischal, is the Founder President and Chief Executive of N.R.I.Club International and International Overseas Indian Club based in the UK. He joined the Conservative Party in 1965 and subsequently became the first Indian Member of British Parliament Candidate for the British Conservative Party...
, first Indian candidate for the Conservative Party (UK)Conservative Party (UK)The Conservative Party, formally the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom that adheres to the philosophies of conservatism and British unionism. It is the largest political party in the UK, and is currently the largest single party in the House... - Hans Raj HansHans Raj HansHans Raj Hans is an Indian Punjabi language singer.Early lifeHans was born in Shafipur, a village near Jalandhar, Punjab, India. He is the second son of Late Sardar Arjan Singh Ji and Mata Ajit Kaur Ji . Hans had no musical history in his family, yet he began singing at a young age. Hans...
, Punjabi singer - Swraj Paul, first Indian member of the British House of LordsHouse of LordsThe House of Lords is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Like the House of Commons, it meets in the Palace of Westminster....
- Ranbir Singh KanwarRanbir Singh KanwarRanbir Singh Kanwar was an eminent plant breeder and agronomist who helped usher in the green revolution in India. He obtained his Ph.D. from Ohio State University, Columbus under a joint Indo-US development program. His major contribution was in the area of breeding sugarcane varieties which...
, director of Sugarcane Research Station who revolutionized sugarcane research during the green revolution - Kartar SinghKartar SinghKartar Singh is a Indian wrestler who won gold medals at the Asian Games in 1978 and 1986.-Life:Kartar Singh was born in Sur Singh village of the present-day Tarn Taran district in Punjab. He won gold medals in the 1978 Asian Games held in Bangkok and the 1986 Asian Games held in Seoul. He won...
, wrestler - Gurmit SinghGurmit SinghGurmit Ottawan Singh Gurmit Ottawan Singh Gurmit Ottawan Singh (born March 24, 1965; is a popular Singaporean actor, host and comedy performer. He is best known for his role in Phua Chu Kang Pte Ltd, and is one of the leading artistes in MediaCorp.-Life:...
, from Sansarpur,olympian hockey player, team mate of Dhyan Chand legend - Balbir Singh, Sr., Olympian, hockey player
- Gurdev SinghGurdev SinghSardar Gurdev Singh Kullar is a former Indian field hockey player, originally from Sansarpur, who now lives with his family in Leeds, England. He was part of the Indian field hockey team at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, which won the gold medal...
Kullar, Olympian, hockey player, originally from Sansarpur - Darshan SinghDarshan Singh (field hockey)Darshan Singh Darshan Singh Darshan Singh (born 15 April 1938 in Darshan Singh (born 15 April 1938 in Darshan Singh (born 15 April 1938 in [[Sansarpur, [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]] is a former Indian [[field hockey]] player who now lives in [[Telford]], [[United Kingdom]].In 1961 he played for India...
, Olympian, hockey player, originally from Sansarpur - Ajit Pal SinghAjit Pal SinghAjit Pal Singh was an Indian field hockey player from Sansarpur, Punjab. He was the captain of the Indian hockey team. He was conferred the Arjuna Award in 1970, and awarded it in 1972. He played at centre half position...
, Olympian, hockey player - Surjit SinghSurjit SinghSurjit Singh was a full back and captain of Indian field hockey team in 1979 in the Champions Trophy. He also played for India in the Munich Olympics in 1972, the 1974 Asian Games in Teheran, the 1975 Hockey World Cup champion team in Kuala Lumpur, the 1976 Montreal Olympics, the Asian Games in...
, Olympian, hockey player - Pargat SinghPargat SinghPargat Singh is a former Indian hockey player and his playing position was of full back. He was considered as one of the world's best defenders erstwhile...
, Olympian, hockey player - Udham SinghUdham SinghUdham Singh was an Indian independence activist, best known for assassinating Michael O'Dwyer in March 1940 in what has been described as an avenging of the Jallianwalla Bagh Massacre....
, Olympian, hockey player village Sansarpur - Dharam Singh UppalDharam Singh UppalSh. Dharam Singh Uppal is a former Indian International athlete and presently a Superintendent of Police in Punjab. He was in the field event of men's 800 m and 1500 m race and won several medals for the country as well as state. He represented India in Asian games and SAF games...
, international athlete - Inder Kumar GujralInder Kumar GujralInder Kumar Gujral served as the 12th Prime Minister of India. Gujral was the first PM to govern exclusively from the Rajya Sabha; , only he and Manmohan Singh have done so.-Early life:...
, former Prime Minister of India - Sardar Swaran SinghSardar Swaran SinghSardar Swaran Singh was an Indian politician. He was India's longest serving union cabinet minister.- Early life :Saradar Swaran Singh was born on 19th August 1907 in Shankar Village in Jallandhar District of Punjab. He was born into an agricultural family....
, Home Minister of India during the 1960s - Harbhajan SinghHarbhajan SinghHarbhajan Singh Plaha , commonly known as Harbhajan Singh, is an Indian cricketer. A specialist bowler, he has the second-highest number of Test wickets by an off spinner, behind Sri Lanka's Muttiah Muralitharan....
, member of Indian national cricket team - Lala AmarnathLala AmarnathNanik Amarnath Bhardwaj was an Indian Test cricketer. He was the first cricketer to score a Test century for the Indian cricket team, which he achieved on debut...
, famous Indian cricketer - Chaudhry Muhammad AliChaudhry Muhammad AliChaudhry Muhammad Ali Chaudhry Muhammad Ali Chaudhry Muhammad Ali (Punjabi, ; (July 15, 1905 - December 2, 1980) was a Pakistani statesman who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1955 to 1956.-Early life:...
, fourth Prime Minister of Pakistan - Swami ShraddhanandSwami ShraddhanandSwami Shraddhanand was an Indian educationist and an Arya Samaj missionary who propagated the teachings of Swami Dayanand. This included the establishment of educational institutions, like the Gurukul Kangri University, and played a key role on the Sangathan and the Shuddhi a Hindu reform...
, educationist and Arya SamajArya SamajArya Samaj is a Hindu reform movement founded by Swami Dayananda on 10 April 1875. He was a sannyasi who believed in the infallible authority of the Vedas. Dayananda emphasized the ideals of brahmacharya...
missionary - Wazir AliWazir AliSyed Wazir Ali was a prominent figure in early Indian cricket. He was a right-handed batsman and a medium pace bowler.-Early life:...
, prominent figure in early Indian cricket - SukhbirSukhbir (musician)Sukhbir Singh is a Bhangra singer. He is often referred to as the "Prince of Bhangra". His Bhangra music varied from fusion to pure Punjabi at times.-Early life:...
, Bhangra singer - Arun ShourieArun ShourieArun Shourie is an Indian journalist, author, intellectual and politician. He has been an economist with the World Bank , a consultant to the Planning Commission, India, editor of the Indian Express and Times of India and a minister in the government of India . He was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay...
, journalist, author and politician - Sheikh Anwarul Haq, ninth Chief Justice of Pakistan
- Karan KundraKaran KundraKaran Kundra is an Indian television actor. Educated in Jalandhar, Kundra went to Florida to pursue his MBA, but left it for acting. Before coming to television, he worked in the family business ....
, TV actor - Fauja SinghFauja SinghFauja Singh is a British centenarian marathon runner of Indian Sikh origin. He is a world record holder in his age bracket...
, Marathon Runner - Amrish PuriAmrish PuriAmrish Singh Puri , ; 22 June 1932 – 12 January 2005 was an iconic theater and film actor from India, who was a key player in the Indian theater movement that picked up steam in the 1960s. He worked with notable playwrights of the time, such as Satyadev Dubey and Girish Karnad...
, film actor and a theater personality - Amarjit KaypeeAmarjit KaypeeAmarjit Kaypee is an Indian former cricketer. He was primarily a right-handed batsman, and he held the record for the most runs scored in the Ranji Trophy, India's premier domestic first-class cricket competition for a number of years before Amol Muzumdar took the record in 2009...
, National Record Holder in First-Class Cricket
SINGH SAHIB GIANI SADHU SINGH JI BHAURA (1905-1984) former 'Jathedhar of Sri Akal Takht Sahib'
- Balbeer Singh Bhaura, leading Eye Surgeon
Bhupinder Pal Singh Mahoon from Laallian Kalan
Villages around Jalandhar
SansarpurSansarpur
Sansarpur is a census village in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.-Demographics: India census, Sansarpur had a population of 4061. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Sansarpur has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male...
, Rama-mandi, Jamsher Khas, Talhan, Salempur Masanda
Salempur Masanda
Salempur Masanda is a village in Jalandhar District, near the Jalandhar Cantonment, in Punjab, India.-Demographics:According to the 2001 Census, Salempur Masanda has a population of 1,488 people. The village is in size...
, Parasrampur
Parasrampur
Parasrampur is a village in Jalandhar District, in Punjab, India.-Demographics:According to the 2001 Census, Parasrampur has a population of 1,747 people.The village has . Parasrampur hosts the annual Shaheed Banda Singh Bahadur Ji Jor Mela which is a big attraction in Jalandhar...
, Gillaan, Gakhal
Gakhal
Gakhal is a Jatt clan from the state of Punjab.-Gakhals Today:Most of the Gakhal clan is found in the Doaba region of Punjab where there is a Gakhal pind in Jalandhar.They are part of the Jat Clan...
and Kukar Pind
Kukar Pind
Kukar Pind is a large village in Jalandhar , Punjab , with a population of around 5000, located near Jalandhar Cantt and very close to the famous Haveli restaurant....
Patara, Sarai-khas
Sarai-khas
Sarai-Khas is a village in Jalandhar, Punjab. The small village has a population of around 7,000 people, many of whom are farmers.-Notable residents:* Jagdish Singh - Singh Sarai...
. Wariana. Heerapur, Hailer, Rajowal, Sangalsohl,Sanghwal, Mand. Nagra, Nandanpur, Mirpur, Kotli, Gazipur, Fateh Jalaal, Soora, Nussi, Lambra, Rasoolpur, Talwandi Bharo, Hairan, Parjian, Malian, Uggi, Chitti, Khaira Majha, Pattar Kalan, Pattarkhurd, Nangal Manoor, Mudh, Sial, Sarhali, Lammapind, Shekha, Dhogri, Chuhrowali,Duhre, Kalabakra, Daroli kalan, Diwali, Dhina, Salempur, Talwan, Jandiala, Sangha Khalsa, Bhagala, Dakoha, Dhannowali, Ladhewali, Littran, Shafipur, Chachoki, Jandusingha, Singhpura. Daduwal, Semi, Khajurla, Bidhipur/Gopalpur, Khusropur,Takharan, Khambra, Lambra,momainwali, Sagranwali, Rajpur, Tandi, Bohgpur, Bandala