JAK1 is a human tyrosine kinase

Tyrosine kinase

A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell. It functions as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions....

 protein essential for signaling for certain type I and type II cytokine

Cytokine

Cytokines are small cell-signaling protein molecules that are secreted by the glial cells of the nervous system and by numerous cells of the immune system and are a category of signaling molecules used extensively in intercellular communication...

s. It interacts with the common gamma chain (γc) of type I cytokine receptor

Type I cytokine receptor

Type I cytokine receptors are transmembrane receptors expressed on the surface of cells that recognize and respond to cytokines with four α-helical strands. These receptors are also known under the name hemopoietin receptors, and share a common amino acid motif in the extracellular portion...

s, to elicit signals from the IL-2 receptor family (e.g. IL-2R, IL-7

IL-7

IL-7 or IL 7 can refer to:* Interleukin 7* Illinois' 7th congressional district* Illinois Route 7...

R, IL-9

IL-9

IL-9 can refer to:* Interleukin 9* Illinois' 9th congressional district* Illinois Route 9...

R and IL-15

IL-15

IL-15 can refer to:*Interleukin 15, a protein important in immunology*Illinois' 15th congressional district*Illinois Route 15...

R), the IL-4 receptor family (e.g. IL-4R and IL-13

IL-13

IL-13 or IL 13 can refer to:* Interleukin 13* Illinois' 13th congressional district* Illinois Route 13...

R), the gp130 receptor family (e.g. IL-6R, IL-11R, LIF-R

Leukemia inhibitory factor

Leukemia inhibitory factor, or LIF, an interleukin 6 class cytokine, is a protein in cells that affects cell growth and development.-Function:LIF derives its name from its ability to induce the terminal differentiation of myeloid leukemic cells...

, OSM-R

Oncostatin M

Oncostatin M, also known as OSM, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OSM gene.OSM is a pleiotropic cytokine that belongs to the interleukin 6 group of cytokines. Of these cytokines it most closely resembles leukemia inhibitory factor in both structure and function...

, cardiotrophin-1 receptor (CT-1R), ciliary neurotrophic factor

Ciliary neurotrophic factor

Ciliary neurotrophic factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTF gene.CNTF has also been shown to be expressed by cells on the bone surface, and to reduce the activity of bone forming cells, osteoblasts.- Satiety effects :...

 receptor (CNTF-R), neurotrophin-1 receptor (NNT-1R) and Leptin

Leptin

Leptin is a 16 kDa protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. It is one of the most important adipose derived hormones...

-R). It is also important for transducing a signal by type I (IFN-α/β) and type II (IFN-γ) interferon

Interferon

Interferons are proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens—such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites—or tumor cells. They allow communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that eradicate pathogens or tumors.IFNs belong to...

s, and members of the IL-10 family via type II cytokine receptor

Type II cytokine receptor

Type II cytokine receptors are transmembrane proteins that are expressed on the surface of certain cells, which bind and respond to a select group of cytokines...

s. Jak1 plays a critical role in initiating responses to multiple major cytokine receptor families. Loss of Jak1 is lethal in neonatal mice, possibly due to difficulties suckling. Expression of JAK1 in cancer cells enables individual cells to contract, potentially allowing them to escape their tumor and metastasize to other parts of the body.

Interactions

Janus kinase 1 has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with PTPN11

PTPN11

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 also known as protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1D or protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2C is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTPN11 gene. PTPN11 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2.PTPN11 is a member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase ...

, Glycoprotein 130

Glycoprotein 130

Glycoprotein 130 is a transmembrane protein which is the founding member of the class of all cytokine receptors. It forms one subunit of type I cytokine receptors within the IL-6 receptor family...

, Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit

Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit

Interleukin 10 receptor, alpha subunit is a subunit for the interleukin-10 receptor. IL10RA, is its human gene.IL10RA has also recently been designated CDW210A .-Interactions:...

, ELP2

ELP2

Elongator complex protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ELP2 gene.-Interactions:ELP2 has been shown to interact with STAT3 and Janus kinase 1.-Further reading:...

, STAT3

STAT3

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 also known as STAT3 is a transcription factor which in humans is encoded by the STAT3 gene.- Function :The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT protein family...

, Grb2

Grb2

Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 also known as Grb2 is an adaptor protein involved in signal transduction/cell communication. In humans, the GRB2 protein is encoded by the GRB2 gene....

, STAT5A

STAT5A

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAT5A gene. STAT5A orthologs have been identified in several placentals for which complete genome data are available.-Interactions:...

, STAT5B

STAT5B

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAT5B gene. STAT5B orthologs have been identified in most placentals for which complete genome data are available.-Interactions:...

, IL2RB

IL2RB

Interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL2RB gene.-Interactions:IL2RB has been shown to interact with HGS, Janus kinase 1, CISH and SHC1.-Further reading:...

, TNFRSF1A

TNFRSF1A

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TNFRSF1A gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, which also contains TNFRSF1B. This protein is one of the major receptors for the tumor...

, IRS1

IRS1

Insulin receptor substrate 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IRS-1 gene.-Function:Insulin receptor substrate 1 plays a key role in transmitting signals from the insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors to intracellular pathways PI3K / Akt and Erk MAP kinase...

, GNB2L1

GNB2L1

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-2-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNB2L1 gene.-Interactions:GNB2L1 has been shown to interact with PDE4D, STAT1, Tyrosine kinase 2, Src, Androgen receptor, AGTRAP, Janus kinase 1, FYN, Cyclin A1, IFNAR2, PRKCE, P73, RAS p21...

 and STAM2

STAM2

Signal transducing adapter molecule 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STAM2 gene.-Interactions:STAM2 has been shown to interact with HGS, Janus kinase 1 and USP8.-Further reading:...

.

External links