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Jeon (food)
Encyclopedia
Jeon buchimgae, jijimgae, or jijim refer to many pancake
-like dishes in Korean cuisine. It has been also called jeonyueo or jeonyuhwa, especially in Korean royal court cuisine
. Sometimes, jeonya (hangul: 저냐) is used as an abbreviated term for the two. Jeon is made with various ingredients such as sliced meats, poultry
, seafood
, and vegetable
s depending on the style and mixed with flour batter
or coated with egg batter and then pan-fried with oil.
Jeon is commonly eaten as an appetizer, as banchan
(small side dish
es), or as anju
(food to eat while drinking). Jeon is also served as an important food for jesasang (제사상, 祭祀床, ceremonial table setting for jesa, ancestor worship) and janchi (hangul
: 잔치, feast, or festival). The jeon used for jesa is called gannap (hangul
: 간납, hanja
: 干納 or 肝納) or gannam (hangul
: 간남, hanja
: 肝南) which is made with beef liver
, omasum
, or fish along with vegetables and green onions on a skewer.
Jeon are sometimes eaten as a sweet dessert; one such variety is called hwajeon
(literally "flower jeon"). Bindaetteok
(mung bean
pancake), pajeon
(green onion
pancake), and kimchijeon are popular jeon in South Korea
. The jeon name commonly follows its main ingredient.
Saengseonjeon (생선전 生鮮煎) is a generic term referring to any jeon made with fish. Generally, white fish is preferred for making jeon. Whereas haemul jeon (해물전 海物煎) includes jeon made with not only fish but also paeryu (패류 shellfish
), shrimp
and octopus
.
Pancake
A pancake is a thin, flat, round cake prepared from a batter, and cooked on a hot griddle or frying pan. Most pancakes are quick breads; some use a yeast-raised or fermented batter. Most pancakes are cooked one side on a griddle and flipped partway through to cook the other side...
-like dishes in Korean cuisine. It has been also called jeonyueo or jeonyuhwa, especially in Korean royal court cuisine
Korean royal court cuisine
Korean royal court cuisine was the style of cookery within Korean cuisine traditionally consumed at the court of the Joseon Dynasty, which ruled Korea from 1392 to 1910. There has been a revival of this cookery style in the 21st century...
. Sometimes, jeonya (hangul: 저냐) is used as an abbreviated term for the two. Jeon is made with various ingredients such as sliced meats, poultry
Poultry
Poultry are domesticated birds kept by humans for the purpose of producing eggs, meat, and/or feathers. These most typically are members of the superorder Galloanserae , especially the order Galliformes and the family Anatidae , commonly known as "waterfowl"...
, seafood
Seafood
Seafood is any form of marine life regarded as food by humans. Seafoods include fish, molluscs , crustaceans , echinoderms . Edible sea plants, such as some seaweeds and microalgae, are also seafood, and are widely eaten around the world, especially in Asia...
, and vegetable
Vegetable
The noun vegetable usually means an edible plant or part of a plant other than a sweet fruit or seed. This typically means the leaf, stem, or root of a plant....
s depending on the style and mixed with flour batter
Batter (cooking)
Batter is a semi-liquid mixture of one or more flours combined with liquids such as water, milk or eggs used to prepare various foods. Often a leavening agent such as baking powder is included to aerate and fluff up the batter as it cooks, or the mixture may be naturally fermented for this purpose...
or coated with egg batter and then pan-fried with oil.
Jeon is commonly eaten as an appetizer, as banchan
Banchan
Banchan refers to small dishes of food served along with cooked rice in Korean cuisine. This word is used both in the singular and plural....
(small side dish
Side dish
A side dish, sometimes referred to as a side order or simply a side, is a food item that accompanies the entrée or main course at a meal.-Common types:...
es), or as anju
Anju (food)
Anju is a general term for a Korean side dish consumed with alcohol . Some of these side dishes can also be ordered as an appetizer or a main dish. These side dishes are different from the banchan side dishes served with a regular Korean meal...
(food to eat while drinking). Jeon is also served as an important food for jesasang (제사상, 祭祀床, ceremonial table setting for jesa, ancestor worship) and janchi (hangul
Hangul
Hangul,Pronounced or ; Korean: 한글 Hangeul/Han'gŭl or 조선글 Chosŏn'gŭl/Joseongeul the Korean alphabet, is the native alphabet of the Korean language. It is a separate script from Hanja, the logographic Chinese characters which are also sometimes used to write Korean...
: 잔치, feast, or festival). The jeon used for jesa is called gannap (hangul
Hangul
Hangul,Pronounced or ; Korean: 한글 Hangeul/Han'gŭl or 조선글 Chosŏn'gŭl/Joseongeul the Korean alphabet, is the native alphabet of the Korean language. It is a separate script from Hanja, the logographic Chinese characters which are also sometimes used to write Korean...
: 간납, hanja
Hanja
Hanja is the Korean name for the Chinese characters hanzi. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation...
: 干納 or 肝納) or gannam (hangul
Hangul
Hangul,Pronounced or ; Korean: 한글 Hangeul/Han'gŭl or 조선글 Chosŏn'gŭl/Joseongeul the Korean alphabet, is the native alphabet of the Korean language. It is a separate script from Hanja, the logographic Chinese characters which are also sometimes used to write Korean...
: 간남, hanja
Hanja
Hanja is the Korean name for the Chinese characters hanzi. More specifically, it refers to those Chinese characters borrowed from Chinese and incorporated into the Korean language with Korean pronunciation...
: 肝南) which is made with beef liver
Offal
Offal , also called, especially in the United States, variety meats or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal. The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs other than...
, omasum
Omasum
The omasum, also known as the bible, the fardel, the manyplies and the psalterium, is the third compartment of the stomach in ruminants...
, or fish along with vegetables and green onions on a skewer.
Jeon are sometimes eaten as a sweet dessert; one such variety is called hwajeon
Hwajeon
Hwajeon is a small, sweet pancake or tteok made of any edible flower petals such as azalea or chrysanthemum and glutinous rice flour, and sugar in Korean cuisine...
(literally "flower jeon"). Bindaetteok
Bindaetteok
Bindaetteok is a variety of jeon, a Korean style pancake...
(mung bean
Mung bean
The mung bean is the seed of Vigna radiata. It is native to the Indian subcontinent.-Description:They are small, ovoid in shape, and green in color...
pancake), pajeon
Pajeon
Pajeon is a variety of jeon with green onions as its prominent ingredient. Pa literally means green onion in Korean. It is a pancake-like Korean dish made from a batter of eggs, flour, rice flour, green onions and other additional ingredients depending on the variety...
(green onion
Scallion
Scallions , are the edible plants of various Allium species, all of which are "onion-like", having hollow green leaves and lacking a fully developed root bulb.-Etymology:The words...
pancake), and kimchijeon are popular jeon in South Korea
South Korea
The Republic of Korea , , is a sovereign state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, North Korea to the north, and the East China Sea and Republic of China to the south...
. The jeon name commonly follows its main ingredient.
Meat
- Yukjeon (육전 肉煎), made with shredded beef
- Wanjajeon (완자전) or wanja (완자), small ball-shaped jeon comprising minced beef, tofu, and vegetables, coated with wheat flour and egg batter
- Ganjeon (간전), made with beef liverOffalOffal , also called, especially in the United States, variety meats or organ meats, refers to the internal organs and entrails of a butchered animal. The word does not refer to a particular list of edible organs, which varies by culture and region, but includes most internal organs other than...
- Cheonyeopjeon (처녑전), made with omasumOmasumThe omasum, also known as the bible, the fardel, the manyplies and the psalterium, is the third compartment of the stomach in ruminants...
Seafood
Shellfish
Shellfish is a culinary and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms. Although most kinds of shellfish are harvested from saltwater environments, some kinds are found only in freshwater...
), shrimp
Shrimp
Shrimp are swimming, decapod crustaceans classified in the infraorder Caridea, found widely around the world in both fresh and salt water. Adult shrimp are filter feeding benthic animals living close to the bottom. They can live in schools and can swim rapidly backwards. Shrimp are an important...
and octopus
Octopus
The octopus is a cephalopod mollusc of the order Octopoda. Octopuses have two eyes and four pairs of arms, and like other cephalopods they are bilaterally symmetric. An octopus has a hard beak, with its mouth at the center point of the arms...
.
- Mineojeon (민어전 民魚煎), made with croakerSciaenidaeSciaenidae is a family of fish commonly called drums, croakers, or hardheads for the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make...
- Daegujeon (대구전 大口煎), made with Pacific codPacific CodThe Pacific cod, Gadus macrocephalus, is an important commercial food species. It is also known as gray cod, gray goo, gray wolf, grayest or grayfish. It has three separate dorsal fins, and the catfish-like whiskers on its lower jaw. In appearance, it is similar to the Atlantic Cod...
- Guljeon (굴전), made with oysterOysterThe word oyster is used as a common name for a number of distinct groups of bivalve molluscs which live in marine or brackish habitats. The valves are highly calcified....
s - Daehajeon (대하전 大蝦煎), made with fleshy prawn
- Saewoojeon (새우전), made with shrimp
Vegetables and mushrooms
- Kimchijeon (김치전), made with kimchiKimchiKimchi , also spelled gimchi, kimchee, or kim chee, is a traditional fermented Korean dish made of vegetables with varied seasonings. There are hundreds of varieties of kimchi made with a main vegetable ingredient such as napa cabbage, radish, green onions or cucumber. It is the most common...
- PajeonPajeonPajeon is a variety of jeon with green onions as its prominent ingredient. Pa literally means green onion in Korean. It is a pancake-like Korean dish made from a batter of eggs, flour, rice flour, green onions and other additional ingredients depending on the variety...
(파전), made with green onionsScallionScallions , are the edible plants of various Allium species, all of which are "onion-like", having hollow green leaves and lacking a fully developed root bulb.-Etymology:The words... - GamjajeonGamjajeonGamjajeon is a variety of jeon, or Korean style pancake, made by pan-frying finely grated potato on a frying pan with any type of vegetable oil until golden brown. Potatoes were introduced in Korea in 1824 through Manchuria and have been cultivated mainly in the hills and mountain ranges of Gangwon...
(감자전), made with grated potato - Hobakjeon (호박전), made with squash
- Yeongeunjeon (연근전), made with lotus root
- Gochujeon (고추전), made with chili pepperChili pepperChili pepper is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. The term in British English and in Australia, New Zealand, India, Malaysia and other Asian countries is just chilli without pepper.Chili peppers originated in the Americas...
s - Gajijeon (가지전), made with eggplant
- Deodeokjeon (더덕전), made with deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolataCodonopsis lanceolataCodonopsis lanceolata is a flowering plant. It originates from China and Japan. It is a variety of bonnet bellflower.The roots are used in Korean cuisine, where it is called deodeok ....
) - Gosarijeon (고사리전), made with brackenBrackenBracken are several species of large, coarse ferns of the genus Pteridium. Ferns are vascular plants that have alternating generations, large plants that produce spores and small plants that produce sex cells . Brackens are in the family Dennstaedtiaceae, which are noted for their large, highly...
- Pyogojeon (표고전), made with shiitake mushrooms and beef
Others
- BindaetteokBindaetteokBindaetteok is a variety of jeon, a Korean style pancake...
(빈대떡), made with mung beanMung beanThe mung bean is the seed of Vigna radiata. It is native to the Indian subcontinent.-Description:They are small, ovoid in shape, and green in color...
s, various vegetables, and meat or seafood - MemiljeonMemiljeon-External links:...
(메밀전), made with buckwheatBuckwheatBuckwheat refers to a variety of plants in the dicot family Polygonaceae: the Eurasian genus Fagopyrum, the North American genus Eriogonum, and the Northern Hemisphere genus Fallopia. Either of the latter two may be referred to as "wild buckwheat"... - Dubujeon (두부전), made with tofuTofuis a food made by coagulating soy milk and then pressing the resulting curds into soft white blocks. It is part of East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisine such as Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Indonesian, Vietnamese, and others. There are many different varieties of tofu, including fresh tofu and tofu...
- HwajeonHwajeonHwajeon is a small, sweet pancake or tteok made of any edible flower petals such as azalea or chrysanthemum and glutinous rice flour, and sugar in Korean cuisine...
(화전), made with edible flowersEdible flowersEdible flowers are flowers that can be consumed safely. Edible flowers may be preserved for future use using techniques such as drying, freezing or steeping in oil. They can be used in drinks, jellies, salads, soups, syrups and main dishes. Flower-flavoured oils and vinegars are made by steeping...
, such as azaleaAzaleaAzaleas are flowering shrubs comprising two of the eight subgenera of the genus Rhododendron, Pentanthera and Tsutsuji . Azaleas bloom in spring, their flowers often lasting several weeks...
or roseRoseA rose is a woody perennial of the genus Rosa, within the family Rosaceae. There are over 100 species. They form a group of erect shrubs, and climbing or trailing plants, with stems that are often armed with sharp prickles. Flowers are large and showy, in colours ranging from white through yellows...
See also
- Bánh xèoBánh XèoBánh xèo are Vietnamese savoury fried pancakes made of rice flour, water, turmeric powder, stuffed with slivers of fatty pork, shrimp, diced green onion, and bean sprouts. Southern-styled banh xeo contains coconut milk and certain Central region skips the turmeric powder altogether...
- Green onion pancake
- OkonomiyakiOkonomiyakiis a Japanese dish containing a variety of ingredients. The name is derived from the word okonomi, meaning "what you like" or "what you want", and yaki meaning "grilled" or "cooked" . Okonomiyaki is mainly associated with Kansai or Hiroshima areas of Japan, but is widely available throughout the...
- ParathaParathaA paratha/parantha/parauntha is an Indian flat-bread that originated in the Indian subcontinent. Paratha is an amalgamation of the words parat and atta which literally means layers of cooked dough...
- PancakePancakeA pancake is a thin, flat, round cake prepared from a batter, and cooked on a hot griddle or frying pan. Most pancakes are quick breads; some use a yeast-raised or fermented batter. Most pancakes are cooked one side on a griddle and flipped partway through to cook the other side...