Jizzakh Province
Encyclopedia
Jizzakh Province is a viloyat (province) of Uzbekistan
located in the center of the country. It borders with Tajikstan to the south and south-east, Samarqand Province
to the west, Navoiy Province
to the north-west, Kazakhstan
to the north, and Sirdaryo Province
to the east. It covers an area of 20,500 km². The population is estimated to be around 910,500, with some 80% living in rural areas.
The provincial capital is Jizzakh
(pop est 127,500 inhabitants). Other major towns include Dustlik, Gagarin, Gallyaaral (Gallaorol), Pakhtakor, and Mardjanbulak. Jizzakh Province was formerly a part of Sirdaryo Province
but was given separate status in 1973.
The climate is a typically continental climate
, with mild winters and hot, dry summers.
The economy of Jizzakh Province is primarily based on agriculture. Cotton
and wheat
are the main crops, and extensive irrigation
is used. Natural resources
include lead
, zinc
, iron
, and limestone
.
The province has a well-developed transportation infrastructure, with over 2500 km of surfaced roads.
The beautiful Zaamin National Park
, formerly Guralash Preserve, on the western slopes of the Turkestan Range
and known for its unique fauna and flora, is also within the province.
Wildlife is extremely rich here; in spring and in summer alpine meadows are gay with multitude of colors, bright-red tulips and snow-white acacias. In autumn the hills they are magnificently decorated with the golden domes of the hazelnut
trees, columns of birch
-trees, towering plane trees, and green thickets. High in the mountains, in the upper part of the Garalashsay gorge, is a nesting-place of black stork
s. These rare birds are the pride and joy of Uzbekistan. They are written down in the "Redbooks" in many countries as an endangered species. Early in the spring when the Amasay Depression is flooded, flocks of duck
s, wild geese
, pelican
s and grey heron
s come here. This territory serves as a nesting place for rose-coloured starlings, shrike
s, and sandpipers.
The province is divided into 12 districts (tumans):
Gallaorol District (also spelled Gallyaaral) is the largest district in Jizzakh Province with 1,959 km2 and 130,000 people. This district borders with Jizzakh, Bakhmal, and Forish districts of Jizzakh Province and with Buklungur, Jomboy, and Kushrabot districts of Samarqand Province
to the west. The district was called Yangikurgon until September 1926. Its current name Gallaorol derives from “Galla” – wheat and “Orol” – island. A leading politician of Uzbek SSR
on a visit to this district said that wheat fields looked like islands, after which the name was officially changed. The district is one of the important industrial centers in Uzbekistan.
The town of Gallaorol (Gallyaaral) is the district capital. Founded in 1898-1899 as a railway depot on the Silk Road
, Gallaorol became a town in March 1972 and today it spans an area of 34.3 km2 with a population of 28,519.
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan , officially the Republic of Uzbekistan is a doubly landlocked country in Central Asia and one of the six independent Turkic states. It shares borders with Kazakhstan to the west and to the north, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan to the east, and Afghanistan and Turkmenistan to the south....
located in the center of the country. It borders with Tajikstan to the south and south-east, Samarqand Province
Samarqand Province
Samarqand Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan located in the center of the country in the basin of Zarafshan River. It borders with Tajikstan, Navoiy Province, Jizzakh Province and Qashqadaryo Province. It covers an area of 16,400 km²...
to the west, Navoiy Province
Navoiy Province
Navoiy Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan located in the northwest of the country. The Kyzyl-Kum Desert takes up a large portion of its territory, which is the largest of the provinces of Uzbekistan except for the autonomous Karakalpakstan Republic. Navoiy Province borders with Kazakhstan,...
to the north-west, Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan , officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of is greater than Western Europe...
to the north, and Sirdaryo Province
Sirdaryo Province
Sirdarya Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan, located in the center of the country on the left bank of Syr Darya River. It borders with , Tajikstan, Toshkent Province and Jizzakh Province. It covers an area of 5,100 km², and is mostly desert, with the Starving Steppe taking up a significant...
to the east. It covers an area of 20,500 km². The population is estimated to be around 910,500, with some 80% living in rural areas.
The provincial capital is Jizzakh
Jizzakh
Jizzakh is a city and the center of Jizzakh Province in Uzbekistan, northeast of Samarkand.Jizzakh was an important Silk Road junction on the road connecting Samarkand with Fergana Valley...
(pop est 127,500 inhabitants). Other major towns include Dustlik, Gagarin, Gallyaaral (Gallaorol), Pakhtakor, and Mardjanbulak. Jizzakh Province was formerly a part of Sirdaryo Province
Sirdaryo Province
Sirdarya Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan, located in the center of the country on the left bank of Syr Darya River. It borders with , Tajikstan, Toshkent Province and Jizzakh Province. It covers an area of 5,100 km², and is mostly desert, with the Starving Steppe taking up a significant...
but was given separate status in 1973.
The climate is a typically continental climate
Continental climate
Continental climate is a climate characterized by important annual variation in temperature due to the lack of significant bodies of water nearby...
, with mild winters and hot, dry summers.
The economy of Jizzakh Province is primarily based on agriculture. Cotton
Cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective capsule, around the seeds of cotton plants of the genus Gossypium. The fiber is almost pure cellulose. The botanical purpose of cotton fiber is to aid in seed dispersal....
and wheat
Wheat
Wheat is a cereal grain, originally from the Levant region of the Near East, but now cultivated worldwide. In 2007 world production of wheat was 607 million tons, making it the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice...
are the main crops, and extensive irrigation
Irrigation
Irrigation may be defined as the science of artificial application of water to the land or soil. It is used to assist in the growing of agricultural crops, maintenance of landscapes, and revegetation of disturbed soils in dry areas and during periods of inadequate rainfall...
is used. Natural resources
Natural Resources
Natural Resources is a soul album released by Motown girl group Martha Reeves and the Vandellas in 1970 on the Gordy label. The album is significant for the Vietnam War ballad "I Should Be Proud" and the slow jam, "Love Guess Who"...
include lead
Lead
Lead is a main-group element in the carbon group with the symbol Pb and atomic number 82. Lead is a soft, malleable poor metal. It is also counted as one of the heavy metals. Metallic lead has a bluish-white color after being freshly cut, but it soon tarnishes to a dull grayish color when exposed...
, zinc
Zinc
Zinc , or spelter , is a metallic chemical element; it has the symbol Zn and atomic number 30. It is the first element in group 12 of the periodic table. Zinc is, in some respects, chemically similar to magnesium, because its ion is of similar size and its only common oxidation state is +2...
, iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
, and limestone
Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Many limestones are composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral or foraminifera....
.
The province has a well-developed transportation infrastructure, with over 2500 km of surfaced roads.
The beautiful Zaamin National Park
Zaamin National Park
Zaamin National Park is the oldest nature preserve in Uzbekistan, created in 1926 as Guralash Nature Preserve on the northern slopes of the western part of Turkestan Range, in the valleys of the rivers Kulsoy, Guralash, Baikungur, and Aldashmansoy. Total area 156 square kilometres...
, formerly Guralash Preserve, on the western slopes of the Turkestan Range
Turkestan Range
One of the westernmost extensions of the massive Tian Shan system, the Turkestan Range stretches for a total length of 340 km from the Alay Mountains on the border of Kyrgyzstan with Tajikistan to the Samarkand oasis in Uzbekistan...
and known for its unique fauna and flora, is also within the province.
Wildlife is extremely rich here; in spring and in summer alpine meadows are gay with multitude of colors, bright-red tulips and snow-white acacias. In autumn the hills they are magnificently decorated with the golden domes of the hazelnut
Hazelnut
A hazelnut is the nut of the hazel and is also known as a cob nut or filbert nut according to species. A cob is roughly spherical to oval, about 15–25 mm long and 10–15 mm in diameter, with an outer fibrous husk surrounding a smooth shell. A filbert is more elongated, being about twice...
trees, columns of birch
Birch
Birch is a tree or shrub of the genus Betula , in the family Betulaceae, closely related to the beech/oak family, Fagaceae. The Betula genus contains 30–60 known taxa...
-trees, towering plane trees, and green thickets. High in the mountains, in the upper part of the Garalashsay gorge, is a nesting-place of black stork
Black Stork
The Black Stork Ciconia nigra is a large wading bird in the stork family Ciconiidae. It is a widespread, but rare, species that breeds in the warmer parts of Europe, predominantly in central and eastern regions. This is a shy and wary species, unlike the closely related White Stork. It is seen in...
s. These rare birds are the pride and joy of Uzbekistan. They are written down in the "Redbooks" in many countries as an endangered species. Early in the spring when the Amasay Depression is flooded, flocks of duck
Duck
Duck is the common name for a large number of species in the Anatidae family of birds, which also includes swans and geese. The ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the Anatidae family; they do not represent a monophyletic group but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered...
s, wild geese
Goose
The word goose is the English name for a group of waterfowl, belonging to the family Anatidae. This family also includes swans, most of which are larger than true geese, and ducks, which are smaller....
, pelican
Pelican
A pelican, derived from the Greek word πελεκυς pelekys is a large water bird with a large throat pouch, belonging to the bird family Pelecanidae....
s and grey heron
Grey Heron
The Grey Heron , is a wading bird of the heron family Ardeidae, native throughout temperate Europe and Asia and also parts of Africa. It is resident in the milder south and west, but many birds retreat in winter from the ice in colder regions...
s come here. This territory serves as a nesting place for rose-coloured starlings, shrike
Shrike
Shrikes are passerine birds of the family Laniidae. The family is composed of thirty-one species in three genera. The family name, and that of the largest genus, Lanius, is derived from the Latin word for "butcher", and some shrikes were also known as "butcher birds" because of their feeding habits...
s, and sandpipers.
Districts
| Key | District name | District capital |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arnasay | Goliblar |
| 2 | Bakhmal | Usmat |
| 3 | Gallaorol | Gallorol |
| 4 | Jizzakh | Uchtepa |
| 5 | Dustlik | Dustlik |
| 6 | Zaamin | Zaamin |
| 7 | Zarbdar | Zarbdar |
| 8 | Zafarobod | Zafarobod |
| 9 | Mirzachul | Gagarin |
| 10 | Pakhtakor | Pakhtakor |
| 11 | Forish | Yangikishlok |
| 12 | Yangiabad | Balandchakir |
Gallaorol District (also spelled Gallyaaral) is the largest district in Jizzakh Province with 1,959 km2 and 130,000 people. This district borders with Jizzakh, Bakhmal, and Forish districts of Jizzakh Province and with Buklungur, Jomboy, and Kushrabot districts of Samarqand Province
Samarqand Province
Samarqand Province is a viloyat of Uzbekistan located in the center of the country in the basin of Zarafshan River. It borders with Tajikstan, Navoiy Province, Jizzakh Province and Qashqadaryo Province. It covers an area of 16,400 km²...
to the west. The district was called Yangikurgon until September 1926. Its current name Gallaorol derives from “Galla” – wheat and “Orol” – island. A leading politician of Uzbek SSR
Uzbek SSR
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic , also known as the Uzbek SSR for short, was one of the republics of the Soviet Union since its creation in 1924...
on a visit to this district said that wheat fields looked like islands, after which the name was officially changed. The district is one of the important industrial centers in Uzbekistan.
The town of Gallaorol (Gallyaaral) is the district capital. Founded in 1898-1899 as a railway depot on the Silk Road
Silk Road
The Silk Road or Silk Route refers to a historical network of interlinking trade routes across the Afro-Eurasian landmass that connected East, South, and Western Asia with the Mediterranean and European world, as well as parts of North and East Africa...
, Gallaorol became a town in March 1972 and today it spans an area of 34.3 km2 with a population of 28,519.