Joachim Lebreton
Encyclopedia
Joachim Lebreton
Joachim Lebreton (Saint-Méen-le-Grand
, France
, 1760 — Rio de Janeiro
, 1819) was a French professor
, public administrator and legislator
.
at the Collège de Tulle.
He was appointed administrator of Fine Arts of the Ministry of Interior during the French Revolution
, at the time of the French Directory
. Then, he took part in the 18 Brumaire
coup, becoming member of the Revolutionary
in the year VIII of the Revolution, a member of Institut de France
in the year XI, and also a member of Légion d'honneur
from the year XII.
He was removed from office and forced into exile with the European Restoration, coming to get refuge in Brazil
under the protection of the Portuguese royal family, who was residing there since 1808.
Lebreton docked in Rio de Janeiro in 1816 and was assigned to lead the Missão Artística Francesa
(French Artistic Mission). He died a few years after the arrival of the Missão in Brazil, before their projects to implement a systematic art education, which later resulted in Brazilian academic art
, had been fully materialized.
Joachim Lebreton (Saint-Méen-le-Grand
Saint-Méen-le-Grand
Saint-Méen-le-Grand is a commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department in Brittany in north-western France.It is located southwest of Rennes between Montauban-de-Bretagne and Gaël.At the 2006 Tour de France, Saint-Méen-le-Grand hosted the start of Stage 8....
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, 1760 — Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
, 1819) was a French professor
Professor
A professor is a scholarly teacher; the precise meaning of the term varies by country. Literally, professor derives from Latin as a "person who professes" being usually an expert in arts or sciences; a teacher of high rank...
, public administrator and legislator
Legislator
A legislator is a person who writes and passes laws, especially someone who is a member of a legislature. Legislators are usually politicians and are often elected by the people...
.
Biography
Lebreton began his career as professor of RhetoricRhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of discourse, an art that aims to improve the facility of speakers or writers who attempt to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations. As a subject of formal study and a productive civic practice, rhetoric has played a central role in the Western...
at the Collège de Tulle.
He was appointed administrator of Fine Arts of the Ministry of Interior during the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
, at the time of the French Directory
French Directory
The Directory was a body of five Directors that held executive power in France following the Convention and preceding the Consulate...
. Then, he took part in the 18 Brumaire
18 Brumaire
The coup of 18 Brumaire was the coup d'état by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the French Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate...
coup, becoming member of the Revolutionary
Revolutionary
A revolutionary is a person who either actively participates in, or advocates revolution. Also, when used as an adjective, the term revolutionary refers to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor.-Definition:...
in the year VIII of the Revolution, a member of Institut de France
Institut de France
The Institut de France is a French learned society, grouping five académies, the most famous of which is the Académie française.The institute, located in Paris, manages approximately 1,000 foundations, as well as museums and chateaux open for visit. It also awards prizes and subsidies, which...
in the year XI, and also a member of Légion d'honneur
Légion d'honneur
The Legion of Honour, or in full the National Order of the Legion of Honour is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Consulat which succeeded to the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
from the year XII.
He was removed from office and forced into exile with the European Restoration, coming to get refuge in Brazil
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
under the protection of the Portuguese royal family, who was residing there since 1808.
Lebreton docked in Rio de Janeiro in 1816 and was assigned to lead the Missão Artística Francesa
Missão Artística Francesa
The French Artistic Mission in Brazil was composed by a group of French artists and architects that came to Rio de Janeiro, then the capital city of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves in March 1816, under the auspices of the royal court of Portugal, which was exiled in Brazil...
(French Artistic Mission). He died a few years after the arrival of the Missão in Brazil, before their projects to implement a systematic art education, which later resulted in Brazilian academic art
Brazilian academic art
Brazilian Academic art was a major art style in Brazil from the early 19th century to the early 20th century, based on European academic art and produced on official institutions of professional art education....
, had been fully materialized.