Johann Baptist Chiari was an Austrian gynecologist and obstetrician who was a native of Salzburg

Salzburg

-Population development:In 1935, the population significantly increased when Salzburg absorbed adjacent municipalities. After World War II, numerous refugees found a new home in the city. New residential space was created for American soldiers of the postwar Occupation, and could be used for...

. In 1841 he received his medical doctorate at Vienna

Vienna

Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...

, where later he practiced obstetrics and gynecology for most of his professional career. He died in 1854 at the age of 37 from cholera

Cholera

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine that is caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. The main symptoms are profuse watery diarrhea and vomiting. Transmission occurs primarily by drinking or eating water or food that has been contaminated by the diarrhea of an infected person or the feces...

. He was the father of pathologist Hans Chiari

Hans Chiari

Hans Chiari was an Austrian pathologist who was a native of Vienna. He was the son of gynecologist Johann Baptist Chiari , and brother to rhinolaryngologist Ottokar Chiari ....

 (1851–1916) and rhinolaryngologist Ottokar Chiari

Ottokar Chiari

Ottokar Chiari was an Austrian laryngologist and professor at the University of Vienna who was a native of Prague....

 (1853–1918).

Another source states that he was Professor of Obstetrics

Obstetrics

Obstetrics is the medical specialty dealing with the care of all women's reproductive tracts and their children during pregnancy , childbirth and the postnatal period...

 in the University of Prague

Charles University in Prague

Charles University in Prague is the oldest and largest university in the Czech Republic. Founded in 1348, it was the first university in Central Europe and is also considered the earliest German university...

 and later for a short time in the Josephinum of Vienna. He was the son-in-law of Johann Klein

Johann Klein

Johann Klein was Professor of Obstetrics at the University of Salzburg and at the University of Vienna. Johann Baptist Chiari was his son-in-law. In Vienna, he was succeeded by professor Carl Braun in 1856....

., to whom he was also an assistant at the first obstetrical clinic in Vienna from 1842 to 1844.

With Karl von Braun-Fernwald (1822–1891) and Joseph Späth

Joseph Späth

Joseph Späth was Professor of Obstetrics in Vienna and from 1873 until 1886 he was director of the Second Obstetrical Clinic at the Vienna General Hospital. Ignaz Semmelweis regarded him as a principal opponent...

 (1823–1896), Chiari was co-publisher of an important handbook on obstetrics

Obstetrics

Obstetrics is the medical specialty dealing with the care of all women's reproductive tracts and their children during pregnancy , childbirth and the postnatal period...

 titled Klinik der Geburtshilfe und Gynäkologie. This textbook was the first to present the theories of Ignaz Philipp Semmelweis (1818–1865) regarding hygiene

Hygiene

Hygiene refers to the set of practices perceived by a community to be associated with the preservation of health and healthy living. While in modern medical sciences there is a set of standards of hygiene recommended for different situations, what is considered hygienic or not can vary between...

 and prevention of the spread of puerperal fever

Puerperal fever

Puerperal fever or childbed fever, is a bacterial infection contracted by women during childbirth or miscarriage. It can develop into puerperal sepsis, which is a serious form of septicaemia. If untreated, it is often fatal....

. With German gynecologist Richard Frommel

Richard Frommel

Richard Julius Ernst Frommel was a German obstetrician and gynecologist who was a native of Augsburg. In 1877 he received his medical doctorate at the University of Würzburg, and for the next ten years practiced medicine in Vienna, Berlin and Munich. At Berlin he was an assistant to gynecologist...

 (1854–1912) the eponymous "Chiari-Frommel Syndrome" is named. This is a postnatal

Postnatal

Postnatal is the period beginning immediately after the birth of a child and extending for about six weeks. Another term would be postpartum period, as it refers to the mother...

 disorder that is also known as postpartum galactorrhea

Galactorrhea

Galactorrhea or galactorrhoea is the spontaneous flow of milk from the breast, unassociated with childbirth or nursing.Contemporary Maternal-Newborn Nursing Care defines galactorrhea as "nipple discharge." -Causes:...

-amenorrhea syndrome.