Johann Nepomuk von Triva
Encyclopedia
Johann Nepomuk Joseph Florian, Graf von Triva (September 20, 1755 – April 8, 1827) was a Bavarian
General der Artillerie. He was the first War Minister of the Bavarian kingdom
.
, joined after the death of his parents the cadets corps of the Bavarian army
on September 1, 1766. On September 26, 1772, he was transferred to the genie
troops in the rank of a Fähnrich
, became Leutnant in 1777, Hauptmann
in 1780, Major
in 1785, Oberstleutnant
in 1791 and Oberst
in 1796. In 1779 he married Floriana von Velhorn, a daughter of the Privy Councillor in Amberg
Johann Wolfgang Alois von Velhorn (1734-1789) and his wife Sybilla née von Loefen zu Diepoltsdorf. Floriana died in 1791. In 1797 he married his second wife, a valet of deceased Countess Elizabeth Augusta, traced as a née Van der Stock. In 1799 he became commander of the Fortress and Regiment Command in Mannheim
, and in 1800 commander of Wrede
's brigade. In the same year he was advanced to Major General
and became Generalquartiermeister (after 1805 Chef des Generalstabes) of the army in 1802. In the rank of Lieutenant General
, he additionally was head of the privy war bureau (Geheimes Kriegsbüro) from 1804 to 1808. On March 27, 1808 he became minister of war. The name of this position was Minister-Staatssekretär im Kriegswesen (literally: minister state secretary of warfare) until 1814, afterwards Dirigierender Minister des Kriegswesens (literally: directing minister of warfare) until 1817, and at last Staatsminister der Armee (literally: state minister of the army). Until 1817, King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria by himself held the command of the army. In 1817 he got the honorary membership of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. During the period as war minister, he was advanced to General der Artillerie by Maximilian I. On September 30, 1822, he was retired. Meanwhile the post of Chef des Generalstabes was transferred to Von Raglovich
in 1820.
Graf von Triva died in his hometown and is buried in the Old Southern Cemetery
. He was also a member of Adam Weishaupt
's Order of Illuminati.
The Trivastraße in the quarter Neuhausen
of Munich and the Turm Triva (Triva Tower) of the Fortness of Ingolstadt
were named in honor of him.
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
General der Artillerie. He was the first War Minister of the Bavarian kingdom
Kingdom of Bavaria
The Kingdom of Bavaria was a German state that existed from 1806 to 1918. The Bavarian Elector Maximilian IV Joseph of the House of Wittelsbach became the first King of Bavaria in 1806 as Maximilian I Joseph. The monarchy would remain held by the Wittelsbachs until the kingdom's dissolution in 1918...
.
Biography
Von Triva, born in MunichMunich
Munich The city's motto is "" . Before 2006, it was "Weltstadt mit Herz" . Its native name, , is derived from the Old High German Munichen, meaning "by the monks' place". The city's name derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who founded the city; hence the monk depicted on the city's coat...
, joined after the death of his parents the cadets corps of the Bavarian army
Bavarian army
The Bavarian Army was the army of the Electorate and then Kingdom of Bavaria. It existed from 1682 as the standing army of Bavaria until the merger of the military sovereignty of Bavaria into that of the German State in 1919...
on September 1, 1766. On September 26, 1772, he was transferred to the genie
Military engineer
In military science, engineering refers to the practice of designing, building, maintaining and dismantling military works, including offensive, defensive and logistical structures, to shape the physical operating environment in war...
troops in the rank of a Fähnrich
Fähnrich
Fähnrich is a German and Austrian military rank in armed forces which translates as "Ensign" in English. The rank also exists in a few other European military organizations, often with historical ties to the German system. Examples are Sweden, Norway and Finland . The French Army has a similar...
, became Leutnant in 1777, Hauptmann
Hauptmann
Hauptmann is a German word usually translated as captain when it is used as an officer's rank in the German, Austrian and Swiss armies. While "haupt" in contemporary German means "main", it also has the dated meaning of "head", i.e...
in 1780, Major
Major
Major is a rank of commissioned officer, with corresponding ranks existing in almost every military in the world.When used unhyphenated, in conjunction with no other indicator of rank, the term refers to the rank just senior to that of an Army captain and just below the rank of lieutenant colonel. ...
in 1785, Oberstleutnant
Oberstleutnant
Oberstleutnant is a German Army and Air Force rank equal to Lieutenant Colonel, above Major, and below Oberst.There are two paygrade associated to the rank of Oberstleutnant...
in 1791 and Oberst
Oberst
Oberst is a military rank in several German-speaking and Scandinavian countries, equivalent to Colonel. It is currently used by both the ground and air forces of Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark and Norway. The Swedish rank överste is a direct translation, as are the Finnish rank eversti...
in 1796. In 1779 he married Floriana von Velhorn, a daughter of the Privy Councillor in Amberg
Amberg
Amberg is a town in Bavaria, Germany. It is located in the Upper Palatinate, roughly halfway between Regensburg and Bayreuth. Population: 44,756 .- History :...
Johann Wolfgang Alois von Velhorn (1734-1789) and his wife Sybilla née von Loefen zu Diepoltsdorf. Floriana died in 1791. In 1797 he married his second wife, a valet of deceased Countess Elizabeth Augusta, traced as a née Van der Stock. In 1799 he became commander of the Fortress and Regiment Command in Mannheim
Mannheim
Mannheim is a city in southwestern Germany. With about 315,000 inhabitants, Mannheim is the second-largest city in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, following the capital city of Stuttgart....
, and in 1800 commander of Wrede
Karl Philipp von Wrede
Karl Philipp Josef Wrede, Freiherr von Wrede, 1st Fürst von Wrede , Bavarian field-marshal, was born at Heidelberg, the youngest of three children of Ferdinand Josef Wrede , created in 1791 1st Freiherr von Wrede, and wife, married on 21 March 1746, Anna Katharina Jünger , by whom he had two more...
's brigade. In the same year he was advanced to Major General
Major General
Major general or major-general is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. A major general is a high-ranking officer, normally subordinate to the rank of lieutenant general and senior to the ranks of brigadier and brigadier general...
and became Generalquartiermeister (after 1805 Chef des Generalstabes) of the army in 1802. In the rank of Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General
Lieutenant General is a military rank used in many countries. The rank traces its origins to the Middle Ages where the title of Lieutenant General was held by the second in command on the battlefield, who was normally subordinate to a Captain General....
, he additionally was head of the privy war bureau (Geheimes Kriegsbüro) from 1804 to 1808. On March 27, 1808 he became minister of war. The name of this position was Minister-Staatssekretär im Kriegswesen (literally: minister state secretary of warfare) until 1814, afterwards Dirigierender Minister des Kriegswesens (literally: directing minister of warfare) until 1817, and at last Staatsminister der Armee (literally: state minister of the army). Until 1817, King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria by himself held the command of the army. In 1817 he got the honorary membership of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. During the period as war minister, he was advanced to General der Artillerie by Maximilian I. On September 30, 1822, he was retired. Meanwhile the post of Chef des Generalstabes was transferred to Von Raglovich
Clemens von Raglovich
Clemens or Klemens Wenzel Freiherr von Raglovich von und zum Rosenhof was a Bavarian General der Infanterie.- Biography :...
in 1820.
Graf von Triva died in his hometown and is buried in the Old Southern Cemetery
Alter Südfriedhof
The Alter Südfriedhof is a cemetery in Munich, Germany. It was founded by Duke Albrecht V as a plague cemetery in 1563 about half a kilometer south of the Sendlinger Gate between Thalkirchner and Pestalozzistraße.-History:...
. He was also a member of Adam Weishaupt
Adam Weishaupt
Johann Adam Weishaupt was a German philosopher and founder of the Order of Illuminati, a secret society with origins in Bavaria.-Early life:...
's Order of Illuminati.
The Trivastraße in the quarter Neuhausen
Neuhausen
Neuhausen may refer to:*Neuhausen am Rheinfall, a town in the canton of Schaffhausen, Switzerland*Neuhausen auf den Fildern, a municipality in Baden-Württemberg, Germany*Neuhausen , a municipality in Baden-Württemberg, Germany...
of Munich and the Turm Triva (Triva Tower) of the Fortness of Ingolstadt
Ingolstadt
Ingolstadt is a city in the Free State of Bavaria, in the Federal Republic of Germany. It is located along the banks of the Danube River, in the center of Bavaria. As at 31 March 2011, Ingolstadt had 125.407 residents...
were named in honor of him.
Awards
- Kurpfalz-bayerisches Militär-Ehrenzeichen, 1795 (predecessor of the Military Order of Max JosephMilitary Order of Max JosephThe Military Order of Max Joseph was the highest purely military order of the Kingdom of Bavaria. It was founded on 1 January 1806 by Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria, the first king of Bavaria...
) - Grand Officier of the Légion d'honneurLégion d'honneurThe Legion of Honour, or in full the National Order of the Legion of Honour is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Consulat which succeeded to the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
, 1806 - Grand CrossGrand CrossThe phrase Grand Cross is used to denote the highest grade in many orders of knighthood. Sometimes the holders of the highest grade are referred to "knights grand cross" or just "grand crosses"; in other cases the actual insignia itself is called "the grand cross".Alternatively, in some other...
of the Military Order of Max Joseph, March 1, 1806 (1st Großkanzler (grand chancellor) of the order) - Knight's CrossKnight's CrossKnight's Cross refers to a distinguishing grade or level of various orders that denotes bravery and leadership on the battlefield....
of the Order of Saint Hubertus, October 20, 1820