Joshua Toulmin
Encyclopedia
Joshua Toulmin of Taunton
, England
was a noted theologian
and a serial Dissenting minister
of Presbyterian
(1761–1764), Baptist
(1765–1803), and then Unitarian
(1804–1815) congregations. Toulmin's sympathy for both the American
(1775–1783) and French
(1787–1799) revolutions led the Englishman to be associated with the United States
and gained the prolific historian
the reputation of a religious radical.
, England on 30 April 1740 to Caleb Toulmin and Mary Skinner, daughter of Thomas Skinner. At age eight, on 11 November 1748, Toulmin was admitted to St. Paul's School in London. As he grew, so did his nonconformist
views. Because Toulmin refused to conform to the Church of England
, he next was educated under David Jennings
at the dissenting academy in Wellclose Square
, of the Coward Trust, located on The Highway
in the East End of London
.
. On graduating from Wellclose Square Dissenting Academy, now Reverend
(Rev.) Toulmin became the Presbyterian
minister of his first congregation at Colyton
, a civil parish
located within east Devon
shire. Although the Colyton congregation was Presbyterian, Toulmin eventually became a convert to the opinions of the Baptists. Now an antipaedobaptist
, Toulmin began to advocate adult baptism and to theologically oppose infant baptism
.
minister and then emigrated to America, where eventually he was forced to resign as President of Transylvania Seminary
in Lexington, Kentucky
"under disapproval of his Socinian (Unitarian) errors."
Joshua Toulmin Smith
was his grandson.
shire, as a Baptist minister. For the next thirty-nine years, Toulmin lived in Taunton and had charge of the Taunton Baptist congregation at Mary Street Unitarian Chapel, where he also taught school and published most of his sixty-plus works through which he expressed his anti-England sympathy with both the American Revolutionary War
(1775–1783) and the French Revolution
(1787–1799).
Because Toulmin favored the United States
and France
, then-enemies of England, he "could seldom pass through the streets without insult, while to keep company with him was deemed contagious and impossible." For example, during the French Revolution, an effigy
of Thomas Paine
was burned before Toulmin's door and his windows were broken.
In 1769, Toulmin received an Artium Magister
(A.M.) degree from the recently founded College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (the former name for Brown University
) in Providence, Rhode Island
.
In 1778, Toulmin wrote to Rev. Robert Robinson of Cambridge
requesting copies of Robinson's lectures on nonconformity to use as a guide for Toulmin's own lectures. In the letter (see above), Toulmin expresses his opinion about baptism.
In 1790, Toulmin carried out a census
of Taunton and "counted nearly five and a half thousand people living within the area ringed by the turnpike gates." He followed up this census with his book, The History of Taunton in the County of Somerset, which was published in 1791 while he held the title schoolmaster
.
In 1794, Toulmin received his Doctor of Divinity
(D.D.) diploma from Harvard University
in the United States and was accorded the title Doctor.
In 1798, Toulmin's daughter Jane drowned. In the face of this hardship and his longtime political persecutions
, he stood strong. For example, during his ministry in Taunton at the Mary Street Unitarian Chapel, poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge
wrote, in a 1798 letter to John Prior Estlin
, "I walked into Taunton (eleven miles) and back again, and performed the divine services for Dr. Toulmin. I suppose you must have heard that his daughter, (Jane, on 15 April 1798) in a melancholy derangement, suffered herself to be swallowed up by the tide on the sea-coast between Sidmouth
and Bere
(sic. Beer). These events cut cruelly into the hearts of old men: but the good Dr. Toulmin bears it like the true practical Christian
, — there is indeed a tear in his eye, but that eye is lifted up to the Heavenly Father."
, England and accepted a position as one of the pastor
s of the Birmingham Unitarian congregation, formerly presided over by the co-discover of oxygen
, Joseph Priestley
. Between 1809 and 1811, Toulmin lived in Birmingham on Paradise Row, and he died there on 23 July 1815, at the age of seventy-five.
Toulmin initially was buried in the Old Meeting graveyard in Birmingham. His tombstone was moved to the borough cemetery at Witton
in 1886. At the time of his death, Toulmin had a plan for an annuitant society for the benefit of widows. However, this society plan came to grief because it was based on London death rates, which differed from those of Birmingham.
and spirituality
, history
, parenting
and families, reference
, and nonfiction. He occasionally contributed to the Theological Repository
, The Nonconformists' Memorial, The Monthly Magazine, and other periodical publications.http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC24294348&id=o3HauIguws0C&pg=PA267&lpg=PA267&dq=joshua+toulmin+1740 Many of his personal letters have survived, and may be seen in Dr. William's Library
, 14, Gordon Sq., London WC1H 0AG. In addition, Taunton public library has a copy of his book, "The History of Taunton in the County of Somerset", (published in 1791) and many papers related to him http://www.toulmin.family.btinternet.co.uk/joshua.htm.
Taunton
Taunton is the county town of Somerset, England. The town, including its suburbs, had an estimated population of 61,400 in 2001. It is the largest town in the shire county of Somerset....
, England
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
was a noted theologian
Christian theology
- Divisions of Christian theology :There are many methods of categorizing different approaches to Christian theology. For a historical analysis, see the main article on the History of Christian theology.- Sub-disciplines :...
and a serial Dissenting minister
English Dissenters
English Dissenters were Christians who separated from the Church of England in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.They originally agitated for a wide reaching Protestant Reformation of the Established Church, and triumphed briefly under Oliver Cromwell....
of Presbyterian
Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism refers to a number of Christian churches adhering to the Calvinist theological tradition within Protestantism, which are organized according to a characteristic Presbyterian polity. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures,...
(1761–1764), Baptist
Baptist
Baptists comprise a group of Christian denominations and churches that subscribe to a doctrine that baptism should be performed only for professing believers , and that it must be done by immersion...
(1765–1803), and then Unitarian
Unitarianism
Unitarianism is a Christian theological movement, named for its understanding of God as one person, in direct contrast to Trinitarianism which defines God as three persons coexisting consubstantially as one in being....
(1804–1815) congregations. Toulmin's sympathy for both the American
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
(1775–1783) and French
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
(1787–1799) revolutions led the Englishman to be associated with the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and gained the prolific historian
Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past and is regarded as an authority on it. Historians are concerned with the continuous, methodical narrative and research of past events as relating to the human race; as well as the study of all history in time. If the individual is...
the reputation of a religious radical.
Early life
Toulmin was born in LondonLondon
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
, England on 30 April 1740 to Caleb Toulmin and Mary Skinner, daughter of Thomas Skinner. At age eight, on 11 November 1748, Toulmin was admitted to St. Paul's School in London. As he grew, so did his nonconformist
Nonconformism
Nonconformity is the refusal to "conform" to, or follow, the governance and usages of the Church of England by the Protestant Christians of England and Wales.- Origins and use:...
views. Because Toulmin refused to conform to the Church of England
Church of England
The Church of England is the officially established Christian church in England and the Mother Church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The church considers itself within the tradition of Western Christianity and dates its formal establishment principally to the mission to England by St...
, he next was educated under David Jennings
David Jennings (tutor)
David Jennings was an English Dissenting minister and tutor, known also as the author of Jewish Antiquities.-Life:He was the younger son of the ejected minister John Jennings , whose ministry to the independent congregation at Kibworth was continued by his elder brother John...
at the dissenting academy in Wellclose Square
Wellclose Square
Wellclose Square lies in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, between Cable Street to the north and The Highway to the south.The western edge, now called Ensign Street, was previously called Well Street. The southern edge was called Neptune street. On the north side is Graces Alley, home to...
, of the Coward Trust, located on The Highway
The Highway
The Highway, formerly known as the Ratcliffe Highway, is a mile-long road in the East End of London, with several historic landmarks nearby. The route dates back to Roman times. In the 19th century it had a very notorious reputation for vice and crime and was the site of the infamous Ratcliff...
in the East End of London
East End of London
The East End of London, also known simply as the East End, is the area of London, England, United Kingdom, east of the medieval walled City of London and north of the River Thames. Although not defined by universally accepted formal boundaries, the River Lea can be considered another boundary...
.
The Serial Dissenting Minister
By 1761 at age twenty-one, the Dissenting Academy ordained Toulmin as a Dissenting ministerEnglish Dissenters
English Dissenters were Christians who separated from the Church of England in the 16th, 17th and 18th centuries.They originally agitated for a wide reaching Protestant Reformation of the Established Church, and triumphed briefly under Oliver Cromwell....
. On graduating from Wellclose Square Dissenting Academy, now Reverend
The Reverend
The Reverend is a style most often used as a prefix to the names of Christian clergy and ministers. There are sometimes differences in the way the style is used in different countries and church traditions. The Reverend is correctly called a style but is often and in some dictionaries called a...
(Rev.) Toulmin became the Presbyterian
Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism refers to a number of Christian churches adhering to the Calvinist theological tradition within Protestantism, which are organized according to a characteristic Presbyterian polity. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures,...
minister of his first congregation at Colyton
Colyton, Devon
Colyton is a small town in Devon, England. It is located within the East Devon local authority area. It is 3 miles away from Seaton and 6 miles away from Axminster. Its population in 1991 was 2,783.-History:...
, a civil parish
Civil parish
In England, a civil parish is a territorial designation and, where they are found, the lowest tier of local government below districts and counties...
located within east Devon
Devon
Devon is a large county in southwestern England. The county is sometimes referred to as Devonshire, although the term is rarely used inside the county itself as the county has never been officially "shired", it often indicates a traditional or historical context.The county shares borders with...
shire. Although the Colyton congregation was Presbyterian, Toulmin eventually became a convert to the opinions of the Baptists. Now an antipaedobaptist
Anabaptist
Anabaptists are Protestant Christians of the Radical Reformation of 16th-century Europe, and their direct descendants, particularly the Amish, Brethren, Hutterites, and Mennonites....
, Toulmin began to advocate adult baptism and to theologically oppose infant baptism
Infant baptism
Infant baptism is the practice of baptising infants or young children. In theological discussions, the practice is sometimes referred to as paedobaptism or pedobaptism from the Greek pais meaning "child." The practice is sometimes contrasted with what is called "believer's baptism", or...
.
Marriage and descendants
At the age of twenty-four, Toulmin married Jane Smith. The Toulmins eventually had twelve children, of whom only five survived. Toulmin's theological objections to infant baptism possibly extended to infant registration, as none of his children's births were registered. Their eldest son, Harry Toulmin (1766–1823), went on to became a UnitarianUnitarianism
Unitarianism is a Christian theological movement, named for its understanding of God as one person, in direct contrast to Trinitarianism which defines God as three persons coexisting consubstantially as one in being....
minister and then emigrated to America, where eventually he was forced to resign as President of Transylvania Seminary
Transylvania University
Transylvania University is a private, undergraduate liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States, affiliated with the Christian Church . The school was founded in 1780. It offers 38 majors, and pre-professional degrees in engineering and accounting...
in Lexington, Kentucky
Lexington, Kentucky
Lexington is the second-largest city in Kentucky and the 63rd largest in the US. Known as the "Thoroughbred City" and the "Horse Capital of the World", it is located in the heart of Kentucky's Bluegrass region...
"under disapproval of his Socinian (Unitarian) errors."
Joshua Toulmin Smith
Joshua Toulmin Smith
Joshua Toulmin Smith was a British political theorist, lawyer and local historian of Birmingham.Born in Birmingham as Joshua Smith, he moved to London in 1835 and pursued a career in law, studying at Lincoln's Inn...
was his grandson.
From Presbyterian to Baptist minister
In 1765, at the age of twenty-five, Toulmin transferred himself to his second congregation at Taunton, in SomersetSomerset
The ceremonial and non-metropolitan county of Somerset in South West England borders Bristol and Gloucestershire to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east, and Devon to the south-west. It is partly bounded to the north and west by the Bristol Channel and the estuary of the...
shire, as a Baptist minister. For the next thirty-nine years, Toulmin lived in Taunton and had charge of the Taunton Baptist congregation at Mary Street Unitarian Chapel, where he also taught school and published most of his sixty-plus works through which he expressed his anti-England sympathy with both the American Revolutionary War
American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War , the American War of Independence, or simply the Revolutionary War, began as a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North America, and ended in a global war between several European great powers.The war was the result of the...
(1775–1783) and the French Revolution
French Revolution
The French Revolution , sometimes distinguished as the 'Great French Revolution' , was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France and Europe. The absolute monarchy that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years...
(1787–1799).
Because Toulmin favored the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, then-enemies of England, he "could seldom pass through the streets without insult, while to keep company with him was deemed contagious and impossible." For example, during the French Revolution, an effigy
Effigy
An effigy is a representation of a person, especially in the form of sculpture or some other three-dimensional form.The term is usually associated with full-length figures of a deceased person depicted in stone or wood on church monuments. These most often lie supine with hands together in prayer,...
of Thomas Paine
Thomas Paine
Thomas "Tom" Paine was an English author, pamphleteer, radical, inventor, intellectual, revolutionary, and one of the Founding Fathers of the United States...
was burned before Toulmin's door and his windows were broken.
In 1769, Toulmin received an Artium Magister
Master of Arts (postgraduate)
A Master of Arts from the Latin Magister Artium, is a type of Master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. The M.A. is usually contrasted with the M.S. or M.Sc. degrees...
(A.M.) degree from the recently founded College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (the former name for Brown University
Brown University
Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III ,...
) in Providence, Rhode Island
Providence, Rhode Island
Providence is the capital and most populous city of Rhode Island and was one of the first cities established in the United States. Located in Providence County, it is the third largest city in the New England region...
.
 |
 |
 |
 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pg1 Toulmin 1778 Ltr to Robinson | Pg2 Toulmin 1778 Ltr to Robinson | Pg3 Toulmin 1778 Ltr to Robinson | Pg4 Toulmin 1778 Ltr to Robinson |
In 1778, Toulmin wrote to Rev. Robert Robinson of Cambridge
Cambridge
The city of Cambridge is a university town and the administrative centre of the county of Cambridgeshire, England. It lies in East Anglia about north of London. Cambridge is at the heart of the high-technology centre known as Silicon Fen – a play on Silicon Valley and the fens surrounding the...
requesting copies of Robinson's lectures on nonconformity to use as a guide for Toulmin's own lectures. In the letter (see above), Toulmin expresses his opinion about baptism.
In 1790, Toulmin carried out a census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of Taunton and "counted nearly five and a half thousand people living within the area ringed by the turnpike gates." He followed up this census with his book, The History of Taunton in the County of Somerset, which was published in 1791 while he held the title schoolmaster
Schoolmaster
A schoolmaster, or simply master, once referred to a male school teacher. This usage survives in British public schools, but is generally obsolete elsewhere.The teacher in charge of a school is the headmaster...
.
In 1794, Toulmin received his Doctor of Divinity
Doctor of Divinity
Doctor of Divinity is an advanced academic degree in divinity. Historically, it identified one who had been licensed by a university to teach Christian theology or related religious subjects....
(D.D.) diploma from Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...
in the United States and was accorded the title Doctor.
In 1798, Toulmin's daughter Jane drowned. In the face of this hardship and his longtime political persecutions
Persecution
Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or group by another group. The most common forms are religious persecution, ethnic persecution, and political persecution, though there is naturally some overlap between these terms. The inflicting of suffering, harassment, isolation,...
, he stood strong. For example, during his ministry in Taunton at the Mary Street Unitarian Chapel, poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Samuel Taylor Coleridge was an English poet, Romantic, literary critic and philosopher who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England and a member of the Lake Poets. He is probably best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla...
wrote, in a 1798 letter to John Prior Estlin
John Prior Estlin
John Prior Estlin was an English Unitarian minister, noted as a teacher and for his connections in literary circles.-Life:He was born at Hinckley, Leicestershire, 9 April 1747, was the son of Thomas Estlin, hosier, by his wife, née Prior. His education was undertaken by his mother's brother, the...
, "I walked into Taunton (eleven miles) and back again, and performed the divine services for Dr. Toulmin. I suppose you must have heard that his daughter, (Jane, on 15 April 1798) in a melancholy derangement, suffered herself to be swallowed up by the tide on the sea-coast between Sidmouth
Sidmouth
Sidmouth is a small town on the English Channel coast in Devon, South West England. The town lies at the mouth of the River Sid in the East Devon district, south east of Exeter. It has a population of about 15,000, of whom 40% are over 65....
and Bere
Beer, Devon
The village of Beer is in south-east Devon, England, on Lyme Bay.- Location :The village of Beer is situated on the 95-mile long Jurassic Coast, England's first natural World Heritage Site and its picturesque cliffs, including Beer Head, form part of the South West Coast Path.Beer lies about two...
(sic. Beer). These events cut cruelly into the hearts of old men: but the good Dr. Toulmin bears it like the true practical Christian
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
, — there is indeed a tear in his eye, but that eye is lifted up to the Heavenly Father."
From Baptist to Unitarian minister
Somewhere along the way, Toulmin's beliefs changed again from Baptist to Unitarian. In January 1804, at age sixty-four, Toulmin moved to BirminghamBirmingham
Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands of England. It is the most populous British city outside the capital London, with a population of 1,036,900 , and lies at the heart of the West Midlands conurbation, the second most populous urban area in the United Kingdom with a...
, England and accepted a position as one of the pastor
Pastor
The word pastor usually refers to an ordained leader of a Christian congregation. When used as an ecclesiastical styling or title, this role may be abbreviated to "Pr." or often "Ps"....
s of the Birmingham Unitarian congregation, formerly presided over by the co-discover of oxygen
Oxygen
Oxygen is the element with atomic number 8 and represented by the symbol O. Its name derives from the Greek roots ὀξύς and -γενής , because at the time of naming, it was mistakenly thought that all acids required oxygen in their composition...
, Joseph Priestley
Joseph Priestley
Joseph Priestley, FRS was an 18th-century English theologian, Dissenting clergyman, natural philosopher, chemist, educator, and political theorist who published over 150 works...
. Between 1809 and 1811, Toulmin lived in Birmingham on Paradise Row, and he died there on 23 July 1815, at the age of seventy-five.
Toulmin initially was buried in the Old Meeting graveyard in Birmingham. His tombstone was moved to the borough cemetery at Witton
Witton Cemetery
Witton Cemetery , which opened in Witton in 1863 as Birmingham City Cemetery, is the largest cemetery in Birmingham, England.Covering an area of , it once had three chapels, however, two of these were demolished in 1980. The cemetery would perform up to 20 burials a day, however, it now carries out...
in 1886. At the time of his death, Toulmin had a plan for an annuitant society for the benefit of widows. However, this society plan came to grief because it was based on London death rates, which differed from those of Birmingham.
Works
Dr. Toulmin was a prolific writer, and is known to have written over sixty publications in the areas of (i) religionReligion
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values. Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life or to...
and spirituality
Spirituality
Spirituality can refer to an ultimate or an alleged immaterial reality; an inner path enabling a person to discover the essence of his/her being; or the “deepest values and meanings by which people live.” Spiritual practices, including meditation, prayer and contemplation, are intended to develop...
, history
History
History is the discovery, collection, organization, and presentation of information about past events. History can also mean the period of time after writing was invented. Scholars who write about history are called historians...
, parenting
Parenting
Parenting is the process of promoting and supporting the physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development of a child from infancy to adulthood...
and families, reference
Reference
Reference is derived from Middle English referren, from Middle French rèférer, from Latin referre, "to carry back", formed from the prefix re- and ferre, "to bear"...
, and nonfiction. He occasionally contributed to the Theological Repository
Theological Repository
The Theological Repository was a periodical founded and edited from 1769 to 1771 by the eighteenth-century British polymath Joseph Priestley...
, The Nonconformists' Memorial, The Monthly Magazine, and other periodical publications.http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC24294348&id=o3HauIguws0C&pg=PA267&lpg=PA267&dq=joshua+toulmin+1740 Many of his personal letters have survived, and may be seen in Dr. William's Library
Dr Williams's Library
Dr Williams's Library is a small research library located in Gordon Square in Bloomsbury, London.-History:It was founded using the estate of Dr Daniel Williams as a theological library, intended for the use of ministers of religion, students and others studying theology, religion and...
, 14, Gordon Sq., London WC1H 0AG. In addition, Taunton public library has a copy of his book, "The History of Taunton in the County of Somerset", (published in 1791) and many papers related to him http://www.toulmin.family.btinternet.co.uk/joshua.htm.
Published books
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1777). Memoirs of the Life, Character, Sentiments and Writings of Faustus Socinus. Hardcover. Publisher: J. Brown, Portable Printing-Press. ASIN B000FVZYBE.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1800). The name "Lord of Hosts" explained and improved: In a sermon preached in the chapels of Princes Street, Westminster, on 16 February, and Essex Street, Strand, on 23 February 1800. 22 pages. Publisher: Printed by Stower & Hare. Language: English. ASIN B0008BGAFK.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1801). The practical efficacy of the Unitarian doctrine: Considered in a series of letters to the Rev. Andrew Fuller : occasioned by his publication entitled …of an essay on the grounds of love to Christ. 177 pages. Publisher: Sold by J. Johnson; 2d ed., enl edition. Language: English. ASIN B00087DT8K.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1802). The prospect of future, universal peace: Considered in a sermon preached in the Baptist Chapel in Taunton, in the county of Somerset : on the 1st of June, …day of national thanksgiving for the peace. 26 pages. Publisher: Printed by C. Stower. Language: English. ASIN B0008BGADC.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1804). A biographical tribute to the memory of the Rev. Joseph PriestleyJoseph PriestleyJoseph Priestley, FRS was an 18th-century English theologian, Dissenting clergyman, natural philosopher, chemist, educator, and political theorist who published over 150 works...
, L.L.D.F.R.S: In an address to the congregation of Protestant Dissenters at the New Meeting… 22 April 1804, on occasion of his death. 40 pages. Publisher: Printed by James Belcher. Language: English. ASIN B0008ANSUQ - Toulmin, Joshua. (1804). The aim of the apostle Paul's ministry: Considered in a sermon preached at the New Meeting in Birmingham, 8 January 1804, on entering upon the office of one of the pastors in that congregation. 30 pages. Publisher: J. Belcher. Language: English. ASIN B0008B9034
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1807). The meaning which the word mystery bears in the New Testament: Considered and applied, in a sermon, preached to an assembly of ministers, on the Thursday morning's lecture, at Exeter, 4 May 1791. 23 pages. Publisher: J. Belcher & Son; 3rd ed edition. Language: English. ASIN B0008B900M
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1808). A memoir of Job, an African high priest. 196 pages. Language: English. ASIN B0008B0LY6.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1811). Four discourses on the nature, design, uses and history of the ordinance of baptism: With a preface containing some strictures on Dr. Priestley's "Letter… Frend's "Letters to the Bishop of Lincoln". 93 pages. Publisher: C. Stower. Language: English. ASIN B0008BAHN6.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1813). The reciprocal duties of ministers and people, illustrated and enforced: A sermon delivered at Dudley in Worcestershire on Whit-Tuesday, 8 June 1813, …and members of neighbouring congregations. 22 pages. Publisher: Printed and published by Orton and Hawkes Smith, also sold by J. Belcher and Son and Sherwood, Neely and Jones. Language: English. ASIN B0008BBAPK.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1814). A free and serious address to the Christian laity, especially such as embracing Unitarian sentiments conform to Trinitarian worship: To which if prefixed… or the Church of England and of dissenters. 111 pages. Publisher: Printed and sold by J. Belcher; 2nd ed edition (1814). Language: English. ASIN B0008C4ALU.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1814). An historical view of the state of the Protestant dissenters in England,: And of the progress of free enquiry and religious liberty, from the revolution to the accession of Queen Anne. 592 pages. Publisher: Printed by R. Cruttwell and sold by Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Browne, London (1814). Language: English. ASIN B0006AR1G0.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1814). Family devotion assisted: Containing forms of morning and evening prayers for a fortnight. 132 pages. Publisher: O. and H. Smith. Language: English. ASIN B0008BACKY.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1814). The Unitarian doctrine stated and the objections to it obviated, on the ground of Christ's declaration: A sermon preached before the Devon and Cornwall… of virtue by the distribution of books. 35 pages. Publisher: Printed and sold by O. and H. Smith, and by J. Belcher and Son (1814). Language: English. ASIN B0008B40JI.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1817). A review of the preaching of the Apostles; or, The practical efficacy of the Unitarian doctrine. 59 pages. Publisher: Printed for the Editor by T. Walker (1817). Language: English. ASIN B00089CUFG.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1818). Posthumous discourses of the very venerable Joshua Toulmin, D.D. 457 pages. Publisher: W. Hawkes Smith (1818). Language: English. ASIN B0008BADPI.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1822). The history of Taunton, in the county of Somerset. 608 pages. Publisher: Printed for J. Poole; New ed. greatly enlarged edition. Language: English. ASIN B00087CES6.
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1874). The history of Taunton in the county of Somersetshire. 408 pages. Publisher: C.G. Webb. Language: English. ASIN B00087GIFG.
- Toulmin, Joshua. A new edition of Neal's History of the Puritans, with notes and additions.
- Toulmin, Joshua. Dissertations on the Internal Evidences of Christianity.
- Toulmin, Joshua. Memories of the Rev. Samuel Bourne (Toulmin's colleague at Birmingham).
- Toulmin, Joshua. Review of the Life, Character, and Writings of John BiddleJohn Biddle (Unitarian)John Biddle or Bidle was an influential English nontrinitarian, and Unitarian. He is often called "the Father of English Unitarianism".- Life :...
, [M.A.]. - Toulmin, Joshua. Sermons addressed to Youth, with a Translation of Isocrates's Oration to Demonicus.
- Toulmin, Joshua. Sermons on Devotional Subjects.
Published letters
- Toulmin, Joshua. (1778). Letter to Rev. Robert Robinson dated 30 October 1778. Pg., Pg., Pg., Pg.. />
- Toulmin, Joshua. Address to Young Men.
- Toulmin, Joshua. Letters to Dr. John Sturges on the Church Establishment.
- Toulmin, Joshua. Two Letters on the Address of the Dissenting Ministers on Subscription.
External links
- Rose, Hugh J.Hugh James RoseHugh James Rose was an English churchman and theologian who served as the second Principal of King's College London....
, (1857). A New General Biographical Dictionary, vol. I. London: B. Fellowes, 1857. Obtained Oct. 21, 2006. - Calvert-Toulmin, Bruce, (2006). Toulmin Family Home Page. Joshua Toulmin (*1331) 1740–1815. Obtained Oct. 21, 2006.
- Toulmin Family Home Page