Kashin class destroyer
Encyclopedia
The Kashin class destroyers were a group of guided missile destroyer
s built for the Soviet Navy
in the 1960s and early 1970s. Their Soviet designation was Project 61. As of 2007, one ship is in service with the Russian Navy, and five modified ships are in service with the Indian Navy
as s.
In the USSR they were officially classified as "guard ships" (storozhevoi korabl - SKR), then "large ASW
ships" (BPK) or "large missile ships" (BRK), but in the rest of world they are commonly regarded as missile destroyers due to their size and armament. They were the first Soviet purpose-built anti-air warfare ships and the first to carry an ASW helicopter.
s and gas turbine
engines. The gas turbines were arranged in two separate spaces and could be removed via the funnels for servicing. These were also the first Soviet ships designed to be closed down for nuclear fallout and had an operations room deep inside the ship rather than a large bridge.
Six ships were modernised in the 1970s as the Project 61M or 61MP (Kashin-Mod), by being fitted with four SS-N-2C Styx anti-ship missiles, new towed-array sonar
, a raised helipad
and four close range AK-630
Gatling guns. The two RBU-1000
ASW rocket launchers were mounted aft, but later removed.
The Smetlivy
was modernised (mk01090) in Mykolaiv
in the early 1990s and fitted with new Kh-35 (SS-N-25 Switchblade, Harpoonski) anti-shipping missiles and MNK-300 sonar. She is the only Kashin currently active in the Russian Navy.
The Rajput class
modification built for Indian Navy has the after gun turret replaced by a hangar for a helicopter, as well as SS-N-2C anti-ship missiles on the sides of the bridge.
, one ship (ORP Warszawa) was later transferred to Poland
, while five similar ships were built to a modified design for the Indian Navy
as the s.
Destroyer
In naval terminology, a destroyer is a fast and maneuverable yet long-endurance warship intended to escort larger vessels in a fleet, convoy or battle group and defend them against smaller, powerful, short-range attackers. Destroyers, originally called torpedo-boat destroyers in 1892, evolved from...
s built for the Soviet Navy
Soviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy would have played an instrumental role in a Warsaw Pact war with NATO, where it would have attempted to prevent naval convoys from bringing reinforcements across the Atlantic Ocean...
in the 1960s and early 1970s. Their Soviet designation was Project 61. As of 2007, one ship is in service with the Russian Navy, and five modified ships are in service with the Indian Navy
Indian Navy
The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the armed forces of India. The President of India serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff , usually a four-star officer in the rank of Admiral, commands the Navy...
as s.
In the USSR they were officially classified as "guard ships" (storozhevoi korabl - SKR), then "large ASW
Anti-submarine warfare
Anti-submarine warfare is a branch of naval warfare that uses surface warships, aircraft, or other submarines to find, track and deter, damage or destroy enemy submarines....
ships" (BPK) or "large missile ships" (BRK), but in the rest of world they are commonly regarded as missile destroyers due to their size and armament. They were the first Soviet purpose-built anti-air warfare ships and the first to carry an ASW helicopter.
Design
The design specification was approved in 1957; the first ship was laid down in 1959 and commissioned in 1962. Much new equipment was developed for these ships, including surface-to-air missiles, radarRadar
Radar is an object-detection system which uses radio waves to determine the range, altitude, direction, or speed of objects. It can be used to detect aircraft, ships, spacecraft, guided missiles, motor vehicles, weather formations, and terrain. The radar dish or antenna transmits pulses of radio...
s and gas turbine
Gas turbine
A gas turbine, also called a combustion turbine, is a type of internal combustion engine. It has an upstream rotating compressor coupled to a downstream turbine, and a combustion chamber in-between....
engines. The gas turbines were arranged in two separate spaces and could be removed via the funnels for servicing. These were also the first Soviet ships designed to be closed down for nuclear fallout and had an operations room deep inside the ship rather than a large bridge.
Six ships were modernised in the 1970s as the Project 61M or 61MP (Kashin-Mod), by being fitted with four SS-N-2C Styx anti-ship missiles, new towed-array sonar
Sonar
Sonar is a technique that uses sound propagation to navigate, communicate with or detect other vessels...
, a raised helipad
Helipad
Helipad is a common abbreviation for helicopter landing pad, a landing area for helicopters. While helicopters are able to operate on a variety of relatively flat surfaces, a fabricated helipad provides a clearly marked hard surface away from obstacles where a helicopter can safely...
and four close range AK-630
AK-630
The AK-630 is a Soviet fully automatic naval close-in weapon system based on a six-barreled 30 mm Gatling gun. It is mounted in an enclosed automatic turret and directed by radar and television detection and tracking. The system's primary purpose is defense against anti-ship missiles and other...
Gatling guns. The two RBU-1000
RBU-1000
The RBU-1000 Smerch-3 is a 300 mm caliber Russian anti-submarine and anti-torpedo rocket launcher. It entered service around 1962-1963. It is similar in operation to the Hedgehog system used during the Second World War. The RBU-1000 is remotely aimed by the Burya fire control system...
ASW rocket launchers were mounted aft, but later removed.
The Smetlivy
Russian destroyer Smetlivy
Smetlivy is a Kashin-class guided missile destroyer of the Russian Navy.Ordered by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s, Smetlivy was laid down in July 1966 and commissioned into the Soviet Black Sea Fleet in 1969. In 1990 the ship was laid up for repairs and modification. She became part of the...
was modernised (mk01090) in Mykolaiv
Mykolaiv
Mykolaiv , also known as Nikolayev , is a city in southern Ukraine, administrative center of the Mykolaiv Oblast. Mykolaiv is the main ship building center of the Black Sea, and, arguably, the whole Eastern Europe.-Name of city:...
in the early 1990s and fitted with new Kh-35 (SS-N-25 Switchblade, Harpoonski) anti-shipping missiles and MNK-300 sonar. She is the only Kashin currently active in the Russian Navy.
The Rajput class
Rajput class destroyer
The Rajput class guided-missile destroyers built for the Indian Navy are modified versions of Soviet Kashin class destroyers. They are also known as Kashin-II class. The ships were built in the former Soviet Union after considerable Indian design modifications to the Kashin design...
modification built for Indian Navy has the after gun turret replaced by a hangar for a helicopter, as well as SS-N-2C anti-ship missiles on the sides of the bridge.
Ships
In all, twenty ships were built for the Soviet NavySoviet Navy
The Soviet Navy was the naval arm of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet, the Soviet Navy would have played an instrumental role in a Warsaw Pact war with NATO, where it would have attempted to prevent naval convoys from bringing reinforcements across the Atlantic Ocean...
, one ship (ORP Warszawa) was later transferred to Poland
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
, while five similar ships were built to a modified design for the Indian Navy
Indian Navy
The Indian Navy is the naval branch of the armed forces of India. The President of India serves as the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy. The Chief of Naval Staff , usually a four-star officer in the rank of Admiral, commands the Navy...
as the s.
Original design
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Komsomolets Ukrainy (Комсомолец Украины - Komsomol Komsomol The Communist Union of Youth , usually known as Komsomol , was the youth division of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. The Komsomol in its earliest form was established in urban centers in 1918. During the early years, it was a Russian organization, known as the Russian Communist Union of... ets of Ukraine Ukraine Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia... ) |
Nikolayev | 1960-Dec-31 | 1962-Dec-31 | Decommissioned in 1991, scrapped in 1995 |
| Soobrazitelny (Сообразительный - "Shrewd") | Nikolayev | 1961-Sep-25 | 1963-Dec-26 | Decommissioned in 1992, scrapped in 1994 |
| Provorny (Проворный - "Agile") | Nikolayev | 1962-Mar-23 | 1964-Oct-25 | Decommissioned in 1990, scrapped in 1993 (in 1974-1977 converted to experimental Project 61E, with Volna launchers removed and single SA-N-7 Uragan SAM launcher fitted. |
| Obraztsovy (Образцовый - "Exemplary") | Zhdanov | 1964-Feb-23 | 1965-Sep-29 | Decommissioned in 1993, scrapped in 1995 |
| Odarenny (Одаренный - "Gifted") | Zhdanov | 1964-Sep-11 | 1965-Dec-30 | Deployed in search for KAL 007 shot down in 1983. Decommissioned in 1990, scrapped in 1991 |
| Otvazhny (Отважный - "Courageous") | Nikolayev | 1964-Oct-17 | 1965-Dec-31 | Sunk after a fire on 1974-Aug-30 caused by a misfiring missile, with 24 fatalities |
| Steregushchy (Стерегущий - "Watchful") | Zhdanov | 1966-Feb-20 | 1966-Dec-21 | Decommissioned in 1993, scrapped in 1994 |
| Krasny Kavkaz (Красный Кавказ - "Red Caucasus") | Nikolayev | 1966-Feb-09 | 1967-Feb-25 | Decommissioned in 1998, scrapped in 2000 |
| Reshitelny (Решительный - "Decisive") | Nikolayev | 1966-Jun-30 | 1967-Dec-30 | Decommissioned in 1989, scrapped in 1999 |
| Strogiy (Строгий - "Severe") | Nikolayev | 1967-Apr-29 | 1968-Dec-24 | Decommissioned in 1993, the hull was sold to India, but on the way the ship sunk near Singapore in 1995 |
| Smetlivy Russian destroyer Smetlivy Smetlivy is a Kashin-class guided missile destroyer of the Russian Navy.Ordered by the Soviet Union in the early 1960s, Smetlivy was laid down in July 1966 and commissioned into the Soviet Black Sea Fleet in 1969. In 1990 the ship was laid up for repairs and modification. She became part of the... (Сметливый - "Resourceful") |
Nikolayev | 1967-Aug-26 | 1969-Sep-05 | Modernized in the mid 1990s and in service with the Black Sea Fleet Black Sea Fleet The Black Sea Fleet is a large operational-strategic sub-unit of the Russian Navy, operating in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea since the late 18th century. It is based in various harbors of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov.... (2010) |
| Krasny Krym (Красный Крым - "Red Crimea") | Nikolayev | 1969-Feb-28 | 1970-Oct-15 | Decommissioned in 1993, scrapped in 1996 |
| Sposobny (Способный - "Capable") | Nikolayev | 1970-Apr-11 | 1971-Sep-25 | Decommissioned in 1993, scrapped in 1995 |
| Skory (Скорый - "Fast") | Nikolayev | 1971-Feb-26 | 1972-Sep-29 | Decommissioned in 1997, scrapped in 1998 |
Modified ships
| Ship | Builder | Launched | Commissioned | Fate |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ognevoy (Огневой - "Fiery") | Zhdanov | 1963-May-31 | 1964-Dec-31 | Decommissioned in 1989, scrapped in 1990 (Project 61MP) |
| Slavny (Славный - "Glorious") | Zhdanov | 1965-Apr-24 | 1966-Sep-30 | Decommissioned in 1991, scrapped in 1995 (Project 61MP) |
| Stroyny (Стройный - "Fine-postured") | Nikolayev | 1965-Jul-28 | 1966-Dec-15 | Decommissioned in 1990, scrapped in 1994 (Project 61MP) |
| Smyshleny (Смышленый - "Quick-thinking") | Nikolayev | 1966-Oct-22 | 1968-Sep-27 | Decommissioned in 1993, scrapped in 1994 (Project 61MP) |
| Smely (Смелый - "Valiant") | Nikolayev | 1968-Feb-06 | 1969-Dec-27 | Decommissioned January 9, 1988, lease Lease A lease is a contractual arrangement calling for the lessee to pay the lessor for use of an asset. A rental agreement is a lease in which the asset is tangible property... d to Poland as the ORP Warszawa (Project 61MP) in 1988, bought by Poland in 1992 or 1993. Decommissioned in 2003 |
| Sderzhanny (Сдержанный - "Restrained") | Nikolayev | 1972-Feb-25 | 1973-Dec-30 | Decommissioned in 2001, scrapped in 2002 (Project 61M) |
Polish ship
- ORP Warszawa - ("WarsawWarsawWarsaw is the capital and largest city of Poland. It is located on the Vistula River, roughly from the Baltic Sea and from the Carpathian Mountains. Its population in 2010 was estimated at 1,716,855 residents with a greater metropolitan area of 2,631,902 residents, making Warsaw the 10th most...
") - ex-Smely commissioned 9 January 1988, decommissioned 5 December 2003 to the reserve and scrapped in 2005.
Indian ships
- Rajput-class destroyers (Project 61ME), all were built by 61 Kommunara yard, Nikolayev
- (1980)
- (1982)
- (1983)
- (1986)
- (1988)
External links
- http://ship.bsu.by/main.asp?id=100756 - article in RussianRussian languageRussian is a Slavic language used primarily in Russia, Belarus, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. It is an unofficial but widely spoken language in Ukraine, Moldova, Latvia, Turkmenistan and Estonia and, to a lesser extent, the other countries that were once constituent republics...
- http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/row/rus/61.htm - article in English from the Federation of American Scientists All Russian Kashin Class Destroyers - Complete Ship List