Kinsol Trestle
Encyclopedia
Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of conveyance of passengers and goods by way of wheeled vehicles running on rail tracks. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles merely run on a prepared surface, rail vehicles are also directionally guided by the tracks they run on...
trestle
Trestle
A trestle is a rigid frame used as a support, especially referring to a bridge composed of a number of short spans supported by such frames. In the context of trestle bridges, each supporting frame is generally referred to as a bent...
located on Vancouver Island
Vancouver Island
Vancouver Island is a large island in British Columbia, Canada. It is one of several North American locations named after George Vancouver, the British Royal Navy officer who explored the Pacific Northwest coast of North America between 1791 and 1794...
north of Shawnigan Lake
Shawnigan Lake
Shawnigan Lake is a lake on southern Vancouver Island, located to the west of Saanich Inlet and to the south of the Cowichan Valley region. It is the location of the village of Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia...
in the Canadian
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
Province of British Columbia
British Columbia
British Columbia is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu . Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858...
. It provides a spectacular crossing of the Koksilah River.
Completed in 1920, its dimensions measure 44 m (144.4 ft) high and 188 m (616.8 ft) long, making it the largest wooden trestle in the Commonwealth
Commonwealth
Commonwealth is a traditional English term for a political community founded for the common good. Historically, it has sometimes been synonymous with "republic."More recently it has been used for fraternal associations of some sovereign nations...
and one of the highest railway trestles in the world.
It was built as part of a plan to connect Victoria to Nootka Sound, passing through Cowichan Lake and Port Alberni, when forestry had gained some ground on Vancouver Island and a more efficient way to transport the region's huge, old-growth timber was needed. It was not built, as some mistakenly believe, to serve any nearby mines. It was named after the nearby Kinsol Station which, in turn, took its name from a nearby mining venture grandiosely named “King Solomon Mines”, a very small mining venture that produced 18 t (19.8 ST; 17.7 LT) or 18000 kg (39,683 lb) of copper and 6300 g (203 ozt) of silver (from 254 t (280 ST; 250 LT) of ore - hardly enough to fill 3 rail cars
Railroad car
A railroad car or railway vehicle , also known as a bogie in Indian English, is a vehicle on a rail transport system that is used for the carrying of cargo or passengers. Cars can be coupled together into a train and hauled by one or more locomotives...
) over the period 1904-1907 .
The line was started in 1911 by the Canadian Northern Pacific Railway
Canadian Northern Pacific Railway
The Canadian Northern Pacific Railway was an historic Canadian railway with a main line running between the Alberta–British Columbia border and Vancouver, British Columbia. It was a wholly owned subsidiary of the Canadian Northern Railway ....
(CNoPR) and while it was designed by engineers, it was built by local farmers and loggers, with investment funds from the Canadian Western Lumber Company, which was the largest lumber company in the world at that time. The trestle was never completed by the CNoPR, and the line only reached Youbou before construction was terminated. The CNoPR was taken over by Canadian National Railways in 1918, and its line and the trestle were completed in 1920 as part of the "Galloping Goose
Galloping Goose
Galloping Goose is the popular name given to a series of seven railcars, built in the 1930s by the Rio Grande Southern Railroad and operated until the end of service on the line in the early 1950s....
" rail line. The last train to cross the Kinsol was in 1979, and the trestle was abandoned 1 year later.
Preservation Effort
CN's rail service on Vancouver Island was abandoned in the 1980s and the right of way given to the provincial Ministry of TransportationBritish Columbia Ministry of Transportation
The British Columbia Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure is the British Columbia government ministry responsible for transport infrastructure and law in the Canadian province of British Columbia...
. The right-of-way has been incorporated into a recreational trail
Rail trail
A rail trail is the conversion of a disused railway easement into a multi-use path, typically for walking, cycling and sometimes horse riding. The characteristics of former tracks—flat, long, frequently running through historical areas—are appealing for various development. The term sometimes also...
system affiliated with the Trans-Canada Trail network and the Kinsol Trestle is now mainly a tourist destination.
(The following section needs updating since the trestle was retrofitted as a non-motorized traffic bridge and reopened in July 2011.)
Due to the deteriorated structure of the Kinsol Trestle, the bridge was not usable by walkers or bicyclists on the Trans-Canada Trail and was in danger of being torn down because it posed an environmental concern and danger to the public.
This created some disagreement in the community. Some community groups set out to raise money to preserve the trestle for its historical and tourism value, whereas others simply wanted to repair the break in the Trans-Canada Trail as quickly and cheaply as possible (currently there is a 8.5 km (5.3 mi) long detour through difficult terrain to cross the Koksilah River).
The Cowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD) held a special meeting on June 7, 2007 to determine the fate of the Kinsol. During this meeting the CVRD Board received presentations from a local firm that specializes in building conservation: Macdonald & Lawrence Timber Framing Ltd proposed a conservation strategy that would see the bridge fully restored for pedestrian use as part of the Trans-Canada Trail network.
On September 20, 2007, the CVRD voted to move ahead with a feasibility study concerning the feasibility of the Kinsol Trestle. Three firms had responded to the CVRD request for proposals for restoration and the Vancouver firm Commonwealth Historic Resource Management Limited won the contract. Commonwealth has joined forces with Macdonald and Lawrence, the local timber construction firm that proposed a conservation strategy in June, 2007. M&L is local in the sense it is established in Cobble Hill (a community close to Shawnigan Lake and the Kinsol), but is world renowned and has built many unique structures in Great Britain, received a commendation from Queen Elizabeth for its work in restoring Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle
Windsor Castle is a medieval castle and royal residence in Windsor in the English county of Berkshire, notable for its long association with the British royal family and its architecture. The original castle was built after the Norman invasion by William the Conqueror. Since the time of Henry I it...
following the disastrous fire, and is working to restore the British explorer Shackleton's shack in the Antarctic and other unique projects. In November, 2007 Gordon Macdonald and his team completed a major inspection of the trestle, drilling hundreds of test holes. The final report shows that 80% of the major timbers are still sound and that it is entirely feasible to restore this magnificent structure. M&L's report comprised the major portion of Commonwealth's report presented to the CVRD on January 23, 2008. The Board members voted overwhelmingly to have Commonwealth proceed with Phase 2 of the study to provide a detailed plan of restoration, including a full evaluation of costs. This report was delivered in November 2008.
It was calculated that the rehabilitation of the trestle would cost $5.7 million. This rehabilitation option met many of the CVRD's objectives for increasing recreation, tourism and economic opportunities. The rehabilitation work will replace unsound timbers, reinforce structural piers and build a new 614-foot walkway atop the structure for hikers, runners, cyclists and equestrians, as well as ensure that the historic characteristics of this wonderful structure are preserved for the community and tourists.
The cost to rehabilitate the Trestle is a large sum, but there would be benefits brought on by the rehabilitation of the Kinsol Trestle. The Kinsol Trestle is one of the few accessible and visible reminders of the early mining and logging industries that are so much a part of the Cowichan Valley heritage, and increased tourism and recreation would create long-term economic and recreational benefits in the community. The rehabilitation would also generate over 22 years of employment for the local population with direct and indirect work on the Trestle,engineering and project management.
The provincial government recognized the rehabilitation of the Trestle as a valuable commitment for the community, and committed $4.1 million to the rehabilitation project. Another $2 million is needed to reach the total cost of $5.7 million.
The official reopening of the trestle was July 28, 2011.
The Kinsol Trestle Capital Campaign
With the recognition that the Kinsol Trestle would be preserved and rehabilitated, an official community based campaign was created in order to promote the Trestle and to raise the remaining $2 million necessary to complete the Kinsol Trestle.An official fundraising campaign was launched in June 2009 in order to raise the remainder of the funds needed to rehabilitate the Trestle. The official Save the Historic Kinsol Trestle Campaign came through with the support of the Cowichan Foundation and the Cowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD). The campaign was launched on June 10, 2009, and donations have steadily been coming in from across the country since the official kickoff. While the support from the community has been significant, much more is still needed.
Construction on the Trestle is scheduled to begin in the spring of 2010, with the trestle and trail opening planned for early summer, 2011.
The Trestle reopened to the public after major renovation on July 28, 2011. It is now forms a part of the Trans Canada Trail.
Opposition to Rehabilitation
Some wondered whether the huge costs of restoring the trestle to its original form was justified. They questioned the heritage value of the structure, considering it is less than 90 years old and operated for less than 60. While no longer an issue here, since the restoration is nearing completion, the argument may be worth considering on other projects, especially in a world of diminishing resources.The amount of heavy timbers required to support a fully loaded logging train, with its grade and curve design limitations, may not be justified for a recreational trail crossing designed for bicycles and pedestrians. The huge trees felled for the original have long disappeared from the area, and replacements would likely have to be obtained from the few remaining old growth stands on the Island. The creosote
Creosote
Creosote is the portion of chemical products obtained by the distillation of a tar that remains heavier than water, notably useful for its anti-septic and preservative properties...
that was used to preserve the original timbers is no longer allowed in environmentally sensitive areas, and alternatives pose their own problems. Ongoing maintenance costs would be considerable.
Alternatives that could have been considered include a modern, light-weight suspension bridge. Such a structure (metal or concrete) would be designed to be safer and require significantly less maintenance, while providing similar scenic views. See, for example, the Humber Bay Arch Bridge
Humber Bay Arch Bridge
The Humber Bay Arch Bridge is a pedestrian and bicycle through arch bridge south of Lake Shore Boulevard West in Toronto, Canada...
or a bridge near Itako
Itako, Ibaraki
is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Itako was formerly a town in Namegata District and became a city after merging with the neighboring town of Ushibori on April 1, 2001....
, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
.
On August 25, 2010, B.C.'s Auditor General
Auditor General of British Columbia
The Auditor General of British Columbia is an independent Officer of the Legislature of British Columbia, responsible for conducting audits of the government reporting entity which consists of ministries, Crown corporations, and other government organizations such as universities, colleges, school...
reported that the government monies handed out under their LocalMotion campaign were not controlled and are un-auditable. Though the grants were supposedly limited to one million dollars, no justification was given as to why projects like the Kinsol, which received $1.6 million, were approved.
See also
- Galloping Goose Regional Trail
- Shawnigan LakeShawnigan LakeShawnigan Lake is a lake on southern Vancouver Island, located to the west of Saanich Inlet and to the south of the Cowichan Valley region. It is the location of the village of Shawnigan Lake, British Columbia...
- Shawnigan Lake, British ColumbiaShawnigan Lake, British ColumbiaShawnigan Lake is a village on British Columbia's Vancouver Island. The name Shawnigan is an adaptation of the Hunquminum name for the Shawnigan Lake, the lake the village is situated at, Shaanii'us...
, the village