Lagenandra
Encyclopedia
Lagenandra is a genus
of flowering plants in the Araceae
family
. It consists of 16 species of plants that are endemic to Bangladesh
, Sri Lanka
, and India
. The genus
is similar to Cryptocoryne
, but can be distinguished from it by its involute vernation. Cryptocoryne
on the other hand exhibit convolute vernation.
s, rarely rheophyte
s, with thick creeping rhizome
; leaf blade simple, ovate to almost linear, fine venation transverse-reticulate; spathe tube with connate margins; spadix
entirely enclosed in spathe tube; flowers unisexual, perigone absent. Differs from Cryptocoryne in having female flowers spirally arranged (pseudo-whorl in Lagenandra nairii, whorled in Lagenandra gomezii) and free; spathe tube "kettle" with connate margins (containing spadix) occupying entire spathe tube; spathe blade usually opening only slightly by a straight or twisted slit; berries free, opening from base; leaf ptyxis involute.
and de Graaf.
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
of flowering plants in the Araceae
Araceae
Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe or leaf-like bract. Also known as the Arum family, members are often colloquially...
family
Family (biology)
In biological classification, family is* a taxonomic rank. Other well-known ranks are life, domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, genus, and species, with family fitting between order and genus. As for the other well-known ranks, there is the option of an immediately lower rank, indicated by the...
. It consists of 16 species of plants that are endemic to Bangladesh
Bangladesh
Bangladesh , officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south...
, Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka is a country off the southern coast of the Indian subcontinent. Known until 1972 as Ceylon , Sri Lanka is an island surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait, and lies in the vicinity of India and the...
, and India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...
. The genus
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
is similar to Cryptocoryne
Cryptocoryne
Cryptocoryne is a genus of about 50-60 species of aquatic monocot plants from the family Araceae . The genus is naturally distributed in tropical regions of Asia and New Guinea....
, but can be distinguished from it by its involute vernation. Cryptocoryne
Cryptocoryne
Cryptocoryne is a genus of about 50-60 species of aquatic monocot plants from the family Araceae . The genus is naturally distributed in tropical regions of Asia and New Guinea....
on the other hand exhibit convolute vernation.
Description
HelophyteHelophyte
A helophyte or limnodophyte is the phytosociologic definition of a biennial or herbaceous plant of which only the buds survive a harsh period, such as winter, e.g. sweet flag or bulrush ....
s, rarely rheophyte
Rheophyte
A rheophyte is an aquatic plant that lives in fast moving water currents in an environment where few other organisms can survive. Rheophytes tend to be found in currents that move at rates of 1 to 2 meters per second and that are up to 3 to 6 feet deep. The amount of force such fast moving currents...
s, with thick creeping rhizome
Rhizome
In botany and dendrology, a rhizome is a characteristically horizontal stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes...
; leaf blade simple, ovate to almost linear, fine venation transverse-reticulate; spathe tube with connate margins; spadix
Spadix
In botany, a spadix is a type of spike inflorescence having small flowers borne on a fleshy stem. Spadix are typical of the Family Araceae known as arums or aroids...
entirely enclosed in spathe tube; flowers unisexual, perigone absent. Differs from Cryptocoryne in having female flowers spirally arranged (pseudo-whorl in Lagenandra nairii, whorled in Lagenandra gomezii) and free; spathe tube "kettle" with connate margins (containing spadix) occupying entire spathe tube; spathe blade usually opening only slightly by a straight or twisted slit; berries free, opening from base; leaf ptyxis involute.
Species
A key to the species described up till 1986 was provided by CrusioWim Crusio
Wim E. Crusio is a Dutch behavioral neurogeneticist and a directeur de recherche with the French National Centre for Scientific Research in Talence, France.- Education and career :...
and de Graaf.
- Lagenandra bogneri de Wit
- Lagenandra dewitiiLagenandra dewitiiLagenandra dewitii is a plant species belonging to the Aroid genus Lagenandra. It was first described in 1986 from living plants and dried herbarium material and named in honour of the Dutch botanist Hendrik de Wit....
Crusio and de Graaf - Lagenandra erosa de Wit
- Lagenandra gomezii (Schott) Bogner and Jacobsen
- Lagenandra insignis Trimen
- Lagenandra jacobseni de Wit
- Lagenandra keralensis Sivadasan and Jaleel
- Lagenandra koenigii (Schott) Thwaites
- Lagenandra lancifolia (Schott) Thwaites
- Lagenandra meeboldii (Engler) C.E.C. Fischer
- Lagenandra nairii Ramamurthy and Rajan
- Lagenandra ovata (L.) Thwaites
- Lagenandra praetermissa de Wit and Nicolson
- Lagenandra thwaitesii Engler
- Lagenandra toxicaria Dalzell
- Lagenandra undulata Sastry