Leliceni
Encyclopedia
Leliceni is a commune in Harghita County
, Romania
. It lies in the Székely Land
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
.
. After the Treaty of Trianon
of 1920, they became part of Romania
and fell within Ciuc County
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the commune became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Hungarian Autonomous Province
, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Hungarian Autonomous Province. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.
The most important component village of the commune is Misentea . It was first recorded as Omnes Sancti in 1332. The village, composed of scattered houses at that time, had already existed in the era of the Árpád dynasty
. It was burned down by Ottoman troops in 1661 when half of the village people perished. In 1719, it was hit by a plague. Interestingly, biblical names are given for the parts of the village, which is explained by the fact that a 19th century local priest is said to have replaced the Szekely placenames given under the ancient decimal tribal system by bibilical names. Its school was already in operation as early as in 1590. In 1910, it had 1190 Hungarian inhabitants. Today, the wood industry provides the main economic activity.
Péter Pál Domokos discovered here the local songbook compiled by János Bochkor between 1716 and 1739.
commune, the 4 villages broke off in 2004 with a population of 1,721. The commune has an absolute Székely
Hungarian majority. (For ethnic composition check demographics for Sâncrăieni
.
Harghita County
Harghita is a county in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea-Ciuc.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 326,222 and a population density of 52/km².*Hungarians- 85%...
, Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
. It lies in the Székely Land
Székely Land
The Székely Land or Szekler Land refers to the territories inhabited mainly by the Székely, a Hungarian-speaking ethnic group from eastern Transylvania...
, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania
Transylvania
Transylvania is a historical region in the central part of Romania. Bounded on the east and south by the Carpathian mountain range, historical Transylvania extended in the west to the Apuseni Mountains; however, the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper, but also the historical...
.
Component villages
The commune is composed of four villages:| In Romanian Romanian language Romanian Romanian Romanian (or Daco-Romanian; obsolete spellings Rumanian, Roumanian; self-designation: română, limba română ("the Romanian language") or românește (lit. "in Romanian") is a Romance language spoken by around 24 to 28 million people, primarily in Romania and Moldova... |
In Hungarian Hungarian language Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe.... |
Population |
|---|---|---|
| Fitod | Fitód | 443 |
| Hosasău | Hosszúaszó | 1 |
| Leliceni | Csíkszentlélek | 283 |
| Misentea | Csíkmindszent | 1032 |
History
The main village was first mentioned in 1251 by its Hungarian name as castrum Zenth Lelewk. In 1602, it was recorded as Szentlélek and in 1913 as Csikszentlélek. Its original Romanian names was Cic-Sânlelec which was later Romanianized to the current official name. The villages forming the commune belonged to Csíkszék district until the administrative reform of Transylvania in 1876, when they fell within the Csík County in the Kingdom of HungaryKingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
. After the Treaty of Trianon
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon was the peace agreement signed in 1920, at the end of World War I, between the Allies of World War I and Hungary . The treaty greatly redefined and reduced Hungary's borders. From its borders before World War I, it lost 72% of its territory, which was reduced from to...
of 1920, they became part of Romania
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...
and fell within Ciuc County
Ciuc County
Ciuc County was a county in the Kingdom of Romania. Its capital was Miercurea Ciuc. Its name was derived from the former county of the Kingdom of Hungary, Csík.-Geography:...
during the interwar period. In 1940, the second Vienna Award granted the Northern Transylvania to Hungary and the villages were held by Hungary until 1944. After Soviet occupation, the Romanian administration returned and the commune became officially part of Romania in 1947. Between 1952 and 1960, the commune fell within the Hungarian Autonomous Province
Hungarian Autonomous Province
The Magyar Autonomous Region and Mureş-Magyar Autonomous Region were autonomous regions in the People's Republic of Romania .-History:In 1950, Romania adopted a Soviet-style administrative and territorial division of the country into...
, between 1960 and 1968 the Mureş-Hungarian Autonomous Province. In 1968, the province was abolished, and since then, the commune has been part of Harghita County.
The most important component village of the commune is Misentea . It was first recorded as Omnes Sancti in 1332. The village, composed of scattered houses at that time, had already existed in the era of the Árpád dynasty
Árpád dynasty
The Árpáds or Arpads was the ruling dynasty of the federation of the Hungarian tribes and of the Kingdom of Hungary . The dynasty was named after Grand Prince Árpád who was the head of the tribal federation when the Magyars occupied the Carpathian Basin, circa 895...
. It was burned down by Ottoman troops in 1661 when half of the village people perished. In 1719, it was hit by a plague. Interestingly, biblical names are given for the parts of the village, which is explained by the fact that a 19th century local priest is said to have replaced the Szekely placenames given under the ancient decimal tribal system by bibilical names. Its school was already in operation as early as in 1590. In 1910, it had 1190 Hungarian inhabitants. Today, the wood industry provides the main economic activity.
Péter Pál Domokos discovered here the local songbook compiled by János Bochkor between 1716 and 1739.
Demographics
Formerly part of SâncrăieniSâncraieni
Sâncrăieni is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The former Romanian name was Ciuc-Sâncraiu.- Geography :...
commune, the 4 villages broke off in 2004 with a population of 1,721. The commune has an absolute Székely
Székely
The Székelys or Székely , sometimes also referred to as Szeklers , are a subgroup of the Hungarian people living mostly in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania, Romania...
Hungarian majority. (For ethnic composition check demographics for Sâncrăieni
Sâncraieni
Sâncrăieni is a commune in Harghita County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The former Romanian name was Ciuc-Sâncraiu.- Geography :...
.
Landmarks
- Built in the 14th century and expanded in the 15th century, its church received its present form in 1806. Its winged altar was made by the order of the Czakó-family in 1510 by the as proven by the inscription it bears: „Insignia Filiorum Czakó 1510. Insignia Regis Ungarie”. It is now in the Hungarian National MuseumHungarian National Museum- History:The Hungarian National Museum is said to have been founded in 1802 when Count Ferenc Széchényi set up the National Széchényi Library. This would then be followed a year later by the donating of a mineral collection by Széchényi’s wife. This led to the creation of the Hungarian National...
in Budapest. The church bell is from 1511. In front of the church, an old linden tree stands under which the Székelys used to discuss their business according to ancient pagan customs, - At the side of the main road stands the so-called "Bloody Face" or "Red Picture", a 5.5-meter-high cone-shaped monument erected in memory of the 1694 Tatar invasion when the Székelys defeated the intruders,
- On the Paphalála (Priest’s Death) hill, there used to be a Chapel. The hill gained its name from the decapitation of dean János Gyergyai by order of royal judge Kelemen Mikes that took place here in 1697. The dean was shortened for having entered into a marriage.
Notable people
- Péter Ágoston, jesuit monk and famous preacher, was born here in 1617
- Vazul Bándi, historian of the Csíksomlyó Grammar School, was born here in 1847