Leon Eisenberg - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Leon Eisenberg was a child psychiatrist

Psychiatrist

A psychiatrist is a physician who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. All psychiatrists are trained in diagnostic evaluation and in psychotherapy...

, social psychiatrist

Social psychiatry

Social psychiatry is a branch of psychiatry that focuses on the "interpersonal" and cultural context of mental disorder and mental wellbeing. It involves a sometimes disparate set of theories and approaches, with work stretching from epidemiological survey research on the one hand, to an indistinct...

and medical educator who "transformed child psychiatry by advocating research into developmental problems" (David DeMaso). He was credited with a number of "firsts" in medicine

Medicine

Medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness....

and psychiatry

Psychiatry

Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the study and treatment of mental disorders. These mental disorders include various affective, behavioural, cognitive and perceptual abnormalities...

- in child psychiatry

Leo Kanner

Leo Kanner was a Jewish American psychiatrist and physician known for his work related to autism. Kanner's work formed the foundation of child and adolescent psychiatry in the U.S. and worldwide....

, autism

Autism

Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their...

, and the controversies around autism

Controversies in autism

Controversies in autism encompass the disagreement over the exact nature of autism, its causes and manifestations. Autism is considered to be a neurodevelopmental condition which manifests itself in markedly abnormal social interaction, communication ability, and patterns of interests.The cause of...

, randomized clinical trials (RCTs), social medicine

Social medicine

The field of social medicine seeks to:# understand how social and economic conditions impact health, disease and the practice of medicine and# foster conditions in which this understanding can lead to a healthier society....

, global health

Global health

Global health is the health of populations in a global context and transcends the perspectives and concerns of individual nations. Health problems that transcend national borders or have a global political and economic impact, are often emphasized...

, affirmative action

Affirmative action

Affirmative action refers to policies that take factors including "race, color, religion, gender, sexual orientation or national origin" into consideration in order to benefit an underrepresented group, usually as a means to counter the effects of a history of discrimination.-Origins:The term...

, and evidence-based psychiatry. Having retired in 1967 from Johns Hopkins Hospital

Johns Hopkins Hospital

The Johns Hopkins Hospital is the teaching hospital and biomedical research facility of Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, located in Baltimore, Maryland . It was founded using money from a bequest by philanthropist Johns Hopkins...

Department of Child and adolescent psychiatry

Child and adolescent psychiatry

The branch of psychiatry that specializes in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psychopathological disorders of children, adolescents, and their families, child and adolescent psychiatry encompasses the clinical investigation of phenomenology, biologic factors, psychosocial factors,...

(he was the chairman of the department after Leo Kanner

Leo Kanner

Leo Kanner was a Jewish American psychiatrist and physician known for his work related to autism. Kanner's work formed the foundation of child and adolescent psychiatry in the U.S. and worldwide....

) and from Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....

in 1988, he continued as The Maude and Lillian Presley Professor of Social Medicine and Psychiatry Emeritus (and actively serving - lecturing, researching and writing, and mentoring) in the Department of Global Health and Social Medicine of the Harvard Medical School in the Longwood Medical Area

Longwood Medical and Academic Area

The Longwood Medical and Academic Area is a medical campus in Boston....

of Boston until a few months before his death in 2009. He received both his BA and MD degrees from the University of Pennsylvania

University of Pennsylvania

The University of Pennsylvania is a private, Ivy League university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States,Penn is the fourth-oldest using the founding dates claimed by each institution...

, taught previously at both the University of Pennsylvania

University of Pennsylvania

and Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University

The Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins, is a private research university based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States...

, and was Chief of Psychiatry at both Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore

Baltimore

Baltimore is the largest independent city in the United States and the largest city and cultural center of the US state of Maryland. The city is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is sometimes referred to as Baltimore...

and the Massachusetts General Hospital

Massachusetts General Hospital

Massachusetts General Hospital is a teaching hospital and biomedical research facility in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts...

in Boston

Boston

Boston is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. The city proper had...

during formative periods in psychiatry for each institution.

Medical accomplishments

The reasons Leon Eisenberg is listed as a famous figure in world and American psychiatry are numerous. Leon Eisenberg identified rapid return to school as the key to treatment in the management of the separation anxiety

Separation anxiety disorder

Separation anxiety disorder is a psychological condition in which an individual experiences excessive anxiety regarding separation from home or from people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment...

underlying school phobia

Phobia

A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder, usually defined as a persistent fear of an object or situation in which the sufferer commits to great lengths in avoiding, typically disproportional to the actual danger posed, often being recognized as irrational...

. He completed the first outcome study of autistic children in adolescence and recognized patterns of language use as the best predictor of prognosis. Of the two first studies of the outcome of infantile autism, he reported the American study in the American Journal of Psychiatry
American Journal of Psychiatry
The American Journal of Psychiatry is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering all aspects of psychiatry and the official journal of the American Psychiatric Association. The first volume was issued in 1844, at which time it was known as the American Journal of Insanity...

in 1956, and the UK study was reported in JCPP shortly afterward by Victor Lotter and Sir Michael Rutter

Michael Rutter

For the motorcycle racer, see Michael Rutter Sir Michael L. Rutter is the first consultant of child psychiatry in the United Kingdom. He has been described as the "father of child psychology"...

. That was a time when a narrow rather than a broad definition of autism was in fashion. It is of interest that the poor prognosis was evident both in the narrowly- and broadly-defined cases and that, because many of the cases now called autistic would have been called "mental retardation: moderate to severe", they would have joined other such children with a relatively poor outcome.

He was Principal Investigator (PI) on the first grant from the Psychopharmacology Branch of NIMH for RCTs in child psychopharmacology. From a concern for evidence-based care, well before the phrase was coined, he introduced randomized controlled trial

Randomized controlled trial

A randomized controlled trial is a type of scientific experiment - a form of clinical trial - most commonly used in testing the safety and efficacy or effectiveness of healthcare services or health technologies A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a type of scientific experiment - a form of...

s (RCTs) in psychopharmacology

Psychopharmacology

Psychopharmacology is the scientific study of the actions of drugs and their effects on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior...

and showed that "tranquilizing" drugs were inferior to placebo in the treatment of anxiety disorders, whereas stimulant drugs were effective in controlling hyperactivity. He completed the first RCTs of psychiatric consultation to social agencies and of the utility of brief psychotherapy in anxiety disorders. He published a forceful critique of Konrad Lorenz

Konrad Lorenz

Konrad Zacharias Lorenz was an Austrian zoologist, ethologist, and ornithologist. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch...

's instinct theory. He established the usefulness of distinguishing "disease

Disease

A disease is an abnormal condition affecting the body of an organism. It is often construed to be a medical condition associated with specific symptoms and signs. It may be caused by external factors, such as infectious disease, or it may be caused by internal dysfunctions, such as autoimmune...

" from "illness

Illness

Illness is a state of poor health. Illness is sometimes considered another word for disease. Others maintain that fine distinctions exist...

". He has highlighted the environmental context as a determinant of the phenotype

Phenotype

A phenotype is an organism's observable characteristics or traits: such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior...

emerging from a given genotype

Genotype

The genotype is the genetic makeup of a cell, an organism, or an individual usually with reference to a specific character under consideration...

, and from the late 1990s through 2006, he had been involved with developing conferences and resources for medical educators in various specialties that would help them incorporate, into courses with their current and future students, the tidal wave of new information in genomics

Genomics

Genomics is a discipline in genetics concerning the study of the genomes of organisms. The field includes intensive efforts to determine the entire DNA sequence of organisms and fine-scale genetic mapping efforts. The field also includes studies of intragenomic phenomena such as heterosis,...

yet to puzzle future clinicians. This interest may have been encouraged by his stepson, Dr. Alan Guttmacher, Acting Head of the National Human Genome Research Institute. For many decades, Leon Eisenberg had criticized psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis has expanded, been criticized and developed in different directions, mostly by some of Freud's former students, such as Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav...

from a number of platforms.

The scientific contributions of Dr. Eisenberg include:

the first longitudinal follow-up of Leo Kanner
Leo Kanner
Leo Kanner was a Jewish American psychiatrist and physician known for his work related to autism. Kanner's work formed the foundation of child and adolescent psychiatry in the U.S. and worldwide....

's original cases of autism
Autism
Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. These signs all begin before a child is three years old. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their...
a study that identified the roots of social phobia in parental anxiety
the first clinical trial of the effectiveness of psychiatric consultation in a social agency
the first randomized controlled trial
Randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial is a type of scientific experiment - a form of clinical trial - most commonly used in testing the safety and efficacy or effectiveness of healthcare services or health technologies A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a type of scientific experiment - a form of...

in childhood psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology is the scientific study of the actions of drugs and their effects on mood, sensation, thinking, and behavior...
the first randomized controlled trial of stimulant drugs in adolescents
the first randomized clinical trial of brief psychotherapy
a forceful critique of Lorenz’s theory of instincts and imprinting
Imprinting (psychology)
Imprinting is the term used in psychology and ethology to describe any kind of phase-sensitive learning that is rapid and apparently independent of the consequences of behavior...
an early statement of the distinction between “disease” (what doctors deal with) and “illness” (what patients suffer)
a widely-cited critique of the oscillation of psychiatry between brain-centered and mind-centered approaches arguing for the integration of the two
a synthesis of the evidence on the importance of training primary care physicians to recognize and treat depression
papers that highlight the molding of the brain structure by social experience
publications putting inheritance in an environmental context as a determinant of risk and resilience.

Specific publications referring to the above achievements are contained in his bibliography

Leon Eisenberg is proudest of the Diversity Lifetime Achievement Award he received in 2001 for his role in inaugurating affirmative action at HMS in 1968 and sustaining it as Chairman of the Admissions Committee from 1969 to 1974. He regards that as his most important contribution to Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....

.

With his wife, Dr. Carola B. Eisenberg

Carola B. Eisenberg

Carola Blitzman Eisenberg, MD, now retired but actively involved in human rights work through Physicians for Human Rights , Institute for Healthcare Improvement , and elsewhere, is the former Dean of Students of MIT , then Dean of Student Affairs at Harvard Medical School...

, former Dean of Students, first at MIT, then at Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....

, he has been active with Physicians for Human Rights, which as an organization received a Nobel Peace Prize in 1997 for its International Campaign to Ban Landmines

International Campaign to Ban Landmines

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines is a coalition of non-governmental organizations working for a world free of anti-personnel landmines and cluster munitions, where mine and cluster munitions survivors see their rights respected and can lead fulfilling lives.The coalition was formed in...

.

In mid-2009 (June 22, 2009), a Leon Eisenberg Chair in Child Psychiatry was named at Children's Hospital Boston. The first chairholder of the Leon Eisenberg Professorship in Child Psychiatry is David R. DeMaso, MD, HMS Professor of Psychiatry and Psychiatrist-in-Chief at Children's Hospital Boston.

His brief (~30 pages) autographical memoir (a walk through the history of psychiatry, yet to be published posthumously by Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - in mid- or late-2010) "Were we asleep at the switch?" [See below] was written from his home, but how can such a transformative life be encapsulated in a BRIEF memoir?

Humor

Among his friends and professional colleagues, Leon Eisenberg was known for his humor and friendly wit which he shared in lectures, publications, and even as Recording Secretary for the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (sometimes in the forum of haiku).

Collecting his humor is difficult (often it was in personal e-mails), but many agree that a few typical scenarios recurred:

Several persons of different social backgrounds involved in a difficult, odd, or even humorous situation, usually with a Jewish psychiatrist or a rabbi [often exploring social nuances and varying perceptions].
A very wise person involved with something very unusual [e.g. Chinese mathematician sipping tea (about moral outrage)].
A well-known historical event [e.g. The last survivor of the Johnstown Flood (about humility before esteemed colleagues)].
Poetry (often haiku)

Close friends (and fans) described his stories as customized for each occasion (so they never tired of hearing the same stories repeated because, with customization, they never were the same story or joke).

Death

Leon Eisenberg died of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a form of cancer that develops in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system. Most prostate cancers are slow growing; however, there are cases of aggressive prostate cancers. The cancer cells may metastasize from the prostate to other parts of the body, particularly...

at his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts

Cambridge, Massachusetts

Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...

on September 15, 2009.

Memorial Services were held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in September 2009, and in Boston, Massachusetts, at the Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....

, on March 12, 2010.

Timeline - chronology of Leon Eisenberg's life and achievements

This needs some 'period' work to show the shifting themes of his professional and social interests and the periods of his various contributions.

1922 - Born in Philadelphia, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants
1934-1939 Attended Olney High School, Philadelphia PA.
1938-1939 - Editor of Olney High School newspaper
1939 - Graduation from Olney High School, Philadelphia PA; won a Mayor’s Scholarship to College (based on the College Entrance Board Examinations).
1942 - Leo Kanner identified 11 boys with unusual constellation of traits—extreme social isolation, an inability to look people in the eye, a preoccupation with objects and ritual, and hand-flicking and other repetitive movements.
1944 - AB - College of University of Pennsylvania (nearly straight As)
1944 - Applied to medical schools with nearly straight A’s in college; turned down by all those schools; University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine accepts him after intervention by Pennsylvania legislator on behalf of outstanding student Leon Eisenberg.
1946 - Graduated valedictorian of his medical school class but denied (along with the seven other Jews who applied) an internship at the University of Pennsylvania hospital; went to Mt. Sinai Hospital in New York City instead
1946 - MD - University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
1946 1947 - Rotating Intern, Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York City (discovered psychiatry)
1947-1948 - Instructor in Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
1948-1950 - Instructor in Basic Science Program, Walter Reed Hospital
1948-1950 - Captain, Medical Corps, U.S. Army
1950 1952 - Psychiatric Resident, Sheppard Pratt Hospital, Towson, MD.
1952 1954 - Fellow in Child Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD - works with the great psychiatrist, Leo Kanner
Leo Kanner
Leo Kanner was a Jewish American psychiatrist and physician known for his work related to autism. Kanner's work formed the foundation of child and adolescent psychiatry in the U.S. and worldwide....

. Eisenberg would join him in his exploration of the newly identified psychiatric disorder, autism, paying special attention to the social, and especially, the family setting of the children in which it appeared. Becomes Kanner's protégé: his doubts about psychoanalysis were encouraged by Leo Kanner
1953-1955 - Instructor in Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins University
The Johns Hopkins University, commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins, is a private research university based in Baltimore, Maryland, United States...
1955 (Dec) - Certified in Psychiatry, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology
1958-1961 - Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University (Became Chief of Child Psychiatry 2 years before actual promotion to full Professor)
1959 - Became Chief of Child Psychiatry at Johns Hopkins upon the retirement of Leo Kanner (became Full Professor 2 years later, in 1961)
1959-1967 - Chief of Child Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins Hospital
1960 (May) - Certified in Child Psychiatry, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology
1961-1967 - Professor of Child Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University
1962 - Eisenberg launched the first randomized clinical trial of a psychiatric medicine (childhood clinical psychopharmacology)
1967 - AM (Hon) Harvard University
1967-1974 - Chief, Psychiatric Services, Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital
Massachusetts General Hospital is a teaching hospital and biomedical research facility in the West End neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts...
1967 - only months after arriving to chair the Psychiatry Department at Massachusetts General Hospital, Eisenberg was asked to join a small committee, including HMS Professors Jon Beckwith, Ed Kravitz, and David Potter, that was pushing to increase the number of African-American students at the Medical School.
1967-1993 - Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
1969 - first HMS entering class to include black students, who had been recruited through the efforts of Eisenberg and his colleagues
1973 - DSc (Hon) University of Manchester, England
1973-1980 - Chairman, Executive Committee, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
1974-1977 - Member, Board of Consultation, Massachusetts General Hospital
1974-1980 - Maude and Lillian Presley Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
1974-1992 - Senior Associate in Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Medical Center
1977-2009 - Honorary Psychiatrist, Massachusetts General Hospital
1980-1991 - Chairman, Department of Social Medicine and Health Policy, Harvard Medical School (invited by then HMS Dean Daniel Tosteson)
1980-1993 - Maude and Lillian Presley Professor of Social Medicine
1987 - Named Senior Fellow of the Harvard Program in Ethics and the Professions, later to become the Edmond J. Safra Foundation Center for Ethics at Harvard University
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation chartered in the country...

, for which a partial history is outlined on their website.
1991 - DSc (Hon) - University of Massachusetts
1992-2009 - Honorary Senior Staff Psychiatrist, Children's Hospital, Boston
1993 - Retirement from Harvard Medical School (then mandatory); becomes Professor Emeritus; continues to serve actively
1993-2009 - Maude and Lillian Presley Professor of Social Medicine and Professor of Psychiatry, Emeritus, Harvard Medical School
2009 - Leon Eisenberg Chair of Child Psychiatry named at Children's Hospital Boston.
2009 - Death at home (September 15)

Memberships, offices, and committee assignments in professional societies

American Association for the Advancement of Science
American Association for the Advancement of Science
The American Association for the Advancement of Science is an international non-profit organization with the stated goals of promoting cooperation among scientists, defending scientific freedom, encouraging scientific responsibility, and supporting scientific education and science outreach for the...

(1947–2009)
American Federation for Clinical Research (1949–1966)
Baltimore City Medical Society (1950–1967)
American Psychiatric Association
American Psychiatric Association
The American Psychiatric Association is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the most influential worldwide. Its some 38,000 members are mainly American but some are international...

(1952–2009); Chair, Child Psychiatry Section '63-'65 Trustee, '73-'76
Sigma Xi
Sigma Xi
Sigma Xi: The Scientific Research Society is a non-profit honor society which was founded in 1886 at Cornell University by a junior faculty member and a handful of graduate students. Members elect others on the basis of their research achievements or potential...

(1952–2009)
Maryland Psychiatric Society (1952–1967); President, '59-'60
American Association of University Professors
American Association of University Professors
The American Association of University Professors is an organization of professors and other academics in the United States. AAUP membership is about 47,000, with over 500 local campus chapters and 39 state organizations...

(1954); President, John Hopkins Chapter '60-'61
Federation of American Scientists (1955–1970)
Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Diseases (1955–2009)
Society for Research in Child Development
Society for Research in Child Development
The Society for Research in Child Development is a professional society for the field of developmental psychology, focusing specifically on child development. It is a multidisciplinary, not-for-profit, professional association with a membership of approximately 5,500 researchers, practitioners,...

(SRCD) (1956–2009)
American Public Health Association
American Public Health Association
The American Public Health Association is Washington, D.C.-based professional organization for public health professionals in the United States. Founded in 1872 by Dr. Stephen Smith, APHA has more than 30,000 members worldwide...

(1956–1972)
American Orthopsychiatric Association (1957–2009)
Council Member, Federation of American Scientists
Federation of American Scientists
The Federation of American Scientists is a nonpartisan, 501 organization intent on using science and scientific analysis to attempt make the world more secure. FAS was founded in 1945 by scientists who worked on the Manhattan Project to develop the first atomic bombs...

(1957–1968)
American Academy of Pediatrics
American Academy of Pediatrics
The American Academy of Pediatrics is the major professional association of pediatricians in the United States. The AAP was founded in 1930 by 35 pediatricians to address pediatric healthcare standards. It currently has 60,000 members in primary care and sub-specialist areas...

(1958–2009)
American Psychopathological Association
American Psychopathological Association
The American Psychopathological Association is an organization, "devoted to the scientific investigation of disordered human behavior, and its biological and psychosocial substrates."The association was founded in 1910...

(1958–2009)
Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry
Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry
The Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry is an American professional organization of psychiatrists dedicated to shaping psychiatric thinking, public programs and clinical practice in mental health. Its 29 committees meet semi-annually and choose their own topics for exploration...

(GAP) (1959–1962)
American Academy of Child Psychiatry
Child and adolescent psychiatry
The branch of psychiatry that specializes in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of psychopathological disorders of children, adolescents, and their families, child and adolescent psychiatry encompasses the clinical investigation of phenomenology, biologic factors, psychosocial factors,...

(1961–1971)
Psychiatric Research Society (1963–2009)
American Pediatric Society
American Pediatric Society
The American Pediatric Society / Society for Pediatric Research are joint professional and advocacy organizations for pediatricians in the United States and Canada....

(1966–2009)
Massachusetts Medical Society
Massachusetts Medical Society
The Massachusetts Medical Society is the oldest continuously-operating state medical society in the United States. Incorporated on November 1, 1781, by an act of the Massachusetts General Court, the MMS is a non-profit organization that consists of approximately 22,000 physicians, medical students...

(1967–2009)
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is an independent policy research center that conducts multidisciplinary studies of complex and emerging problems. The Academy’s elected members are leaders in the academic disciplines, the arts, business, and public affairs.James Bowdoin, John Adams, and...

(1968–2009); Chair, Section II-5 Nominating Committee, 1993–95; Communications Secretary 1995-2002
Institute of Medicine
Institute of Medicine
The Institute of Medicine is a not-for-profit, non-governmental American organization founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences...

of the National Academy of Sciences
United States National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences is a corporation in the United States whose members serve pro bono as "advisers to the nation on science, engineering, and medicine." As a national academy, new members of the organization are elected annually by current members, based on their distinguished and...

(1973—2009); Council, Institute of Medicine
Institute of Medicine
The Institute of Medicine is a not-for-profit, non-governmental American organization founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences...

, '75-'77; Advisory Committee, Strategies for the Prevention of Disease and the Promotion of Health, '77; Membership Committee, '78-'82; Program Committee, '79-'81; Speaker, 1980 Annual Meeting; Research Panel, '86-'89; Steering Committee, National Strategy for Aids, '86-'89; Board on Health Sciences Policy, '88-'91; Chair, Committee on Unintended Pregnancy and the Well-Being of Children and Families, ‘93-‘95; Chair, Committee on Building Bridges in the Brain, Behavioral and Clinical Sciences 1999-2000; Chair, Interdisciplinary/Bridging Work In Health Disparities—Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the United States' largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to health and health care; it is based in Princeton, New Jersey. The foundation's mission is to improve the health and health care of all Americans...

Health and Society Scholars, October 13, 2008, at IOM Annual Meeting in Boston, MA.
Member, Advisory Committee to the Director, National Institutes of Health
National Institutes of Health
The National Institutes of Health are an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services and are the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and health-related research. Its science and engineering counterpart is the National Science Foundation...

(1977–1980)
Advisory Board, General Academic Pediatrics Development Program, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation is the United States' largest philanthropy devoted exclusively to health and health care; it is based in Princeton, New Jersey. The foundation's mission is to improve the health and health care of all Americans...

(1981–1987)
Member, Rosalynn Carter
Rosalynn Carter
Eleanor Rosalynn Carter is the wife of the former President of the United States Jimmy Carter and in that capacity served as the First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981. As First Lady and after, she has been a leading advocate for numerous causes, perhaps most prominently for mental...

Mental Health Task Force, Carter Presidential Center
Carter Center
The Carter Center is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization founded in 1982 by former U.S. President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn Carter. In partnership with Emory University, The Carter Center works to advance human rights and alleviate human suffering...

of Emory University
Emory University
Emory University is a private research university in metropolitan Atlanta, located in the Druid Hills section of unincorporated DeKalb County, Georgia, United States. The university was founded as Emory College in 1836 in Oxford, Georgia by a small group of Methodists and was named in honor of...

(1990–2002)
Communications Secretary, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is an independent policy research center that conducts multidisciplinary studies of complex and emerging problems. The Academy’s elected members are leaders in the academic disciplines, the arts, business, and public affairs.James Bowdoin, John Adams, and...

(1995–2002)
Member, Committee for DSM V and ICD XII, American Psychiatric Association (2006–2009)
Member, Organizing Committee for Women and Medicine Conference, Bahamas, November 29 - December 3, 2006, Josiah Macy Foundation
Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation
The Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation is a philanthropic foundation founded in 1930 by Kate Macy Ladd in honor of her father Josiah W. Macy, Jr. The Foundation became internationally known for the support of the Macy conferences starting late 1940s : a series of interdisciplinary meetings of scientists...

(2006)

Editorial boards

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry (1960–1983)
Journal of Psychiatric Research (1962–1993)
Child Development (1962–2009)
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry (1963–1973)
Communications in Behavioral Biology (1967–1972)
Comprehensive Psychiatry (1971)
Social Psychiatry (1971–1982)
Psychosomatic Medicine (1972–1976)
Journal of Pediatrics (1974–1980)
Culture, Medicine, and Psychiatry (1977)
Psychological Medicine (1977–1990)
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research (1981–2000)
The Future of Children (1991–2009) [or was it 2004?]
American Journal of Psychiatry (2005–2009)

Academic committees

Leon Eisenberg served on seemingly countless academic and other committees at Johns Hopkins, Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Children's Hospital Boston. He was typically among the first thought and invited to such committees because of his breadth.

Attempts to identify a full set of such committees are proceeding.

Themes of most recent writing

Leon Eisenberg is credited by numerous colleagues with "simple and direct" prose (Arthur Kleinman

Arthur Kleinman

Arthur Kleinman is a prominent American psychiatrist and is the Esther and Sidney Rabb Professor of medical anthropology and cross-cultural psychiatry at Harvard University, USA. He is well known for his work on mental illness in Chinese culture, was the chair of the Harvard Department of...

, Norma Ware, etc.). He will be remembered most for his writings in these areas, though his encyclopedic comprehension reached much more broadly:

Evidence-based medicine
- Capacity of academics to accept ideas that are absurd and later rejected
Why and how did psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis
Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis has expanded, been criticized and developed in different directions, mostly by some of Freud's former students, such as Alfred Adler and Carl Gustav...

come to be so dominant for so long (the triumph of psychopharmacology over psychotherapy and changes in the way care was financed) has been explored repeatedly, but outlined here in two papers for different Josiah Macy Conferences:
- "Modern Psychiatry: Challenges in Educating Health Professionals to Meet New Needs"
- "The Challenge of Neuroscience: Behavioral Science, Neurology, and Psychiatry"
Diagnostic classifications (see below) - a theme continued from the very beginning of his career
Human rights of patients
Overdiagnosis of ADHD
Conflict of Interest
Conflict of interest
A conflict of interest occurs when an individual or organization is involved in multiple interests, one of which could possibly corrupt the motivation for an act in the other....

(COI) in the Practice of Psychiatry and Medicine
- Issues in rewriting the entire psychiatric taxonomy at one time (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
  The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders is published by the American Psychiatric Association and provides a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders...
  
  = DSM): COI, empirical evidence to support DSM changes, timing of revisions
- Complicity of the medical and psychiatric professionals in torture.
- Criticizing the replacement of patient interests with the profit motive in healthcare.
- The relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical education through sponsorship and educational programs.

Later autobiographical reflections: "Were We Asleep at the Switch?"

Leon Eisenberg had written from his home a 38-page ‘mini-autobiography’ which he named
"Were We Asleep at the Switch?" Eisenberg argued that, while medical scientists were worrying about the tedious science at the base of medical practice and healthcare decisions for the general public, money was making de facto decisions for the populace about how things were going to be done. In this view, the overwhelming impact of economic considerations over emerging bodies of expert knowledge may have rendered and might continue to render futile the professional contributions of many brilliant, timely, and concerned working scientists.

Earliest papers

Bazett HC, Love L, Newton L, Eisenberg L, Day R, Forster R. (1948) Temperature changes in blood flowing in arteries and veins in man. J Appl Physiol. pp. 1:3-19.
Eisenberg L. (1953) Treatment of the emotionally disturbed pre-adolescent child. Proc Child Research Clinic Woods Schools. 35:30-41.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency. American Journal of Psychiatry 1955: 111:520-523.
Eisenberg, L. (1956), The autistic child in adolescence. American Journal of Psychiatry 112, pp. 607–612. Reprinted in: Alexander et al., eds. Psychopathology
Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness, mental distress, and abnormal/maladaptive behavior. The term is most commonly used within psychiatry where pathology refers to disease processes...

Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1956; 112:531-534.
Kanner, L. & Eisenberg, L. (1956), Early Infantile Autism 1943-1955, American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 26, pp. 55–65. Reprinted in: Alexander et al., eds. Op. cit. Reprinted in Psychiat. Res. Repts. 1957 (April), American Psychiatric Assn., pp. 55–65.
Eisenberg L. The parent-child relationship and the physician. AMA J Dis of Children. 1956; 91:153-157.
Eisenberg L. Dynamic considerations underlying the management of the brain-damaged child. GP. 1956; 14:101-106.
Glaser K and Eisenberg L. Maternal deprivation. Pediatrics 1956; 18:626-642.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry: mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1957; 113:617.
Eisenberg L. Psychiatric implications of brain damage in children. Psychiatric Quarterly. 1957; 31:72-92.
Eisenberg L. Progress in neuropsychiatry. J Ped. 1957; 51:334-349.
Eisenberg L. The course of childhood schizophrenia. Arch Neurol Psychiat. 1957; 78:69-83.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Childhood problems in relation to the family. Pediatrics 1957; 20:155-164.
Eisenberg L. The fathers of autistic children. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1957; 27:715-724.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1958; 114:609-615.
Eisenberg L. School phobia: a study in the communication of anxiety. Am J Psychiat. 1958; 114:712-718. Reprinted in: Trapp EP and Himmelstein P, eds. Readings on the exceptional child. New York: Appleton, 1962. Reprinted in: Bobbs-Merrill Reprint Series in the Social Sciences, 1966, p. 433. Reprinted in: Davids A, ed. Issues in abnormal child psychology. California: Brooks/Cole, 1973.
Eisenberg L. Discussion: roundtable symposium on desegregation (segregation-integration). Am J Orthopsychiat. 1958; 28:33-35.
Eisenberg L. An evaluation of psychiatric consultation service for a public agency. Am J Public Health. 1958; 48(6):742-749.
Eisenberg L. Emotional determinants of mental deficiency. Arch Neurol Psychiat. 1958; 80:114-121.
Eisenberg L. Diagnosis, genesis, and clinical management of school phobia. Ped Clin North America. 1958 (August); 645-666.
Eisenberg L, Marlowe B and Hastings M. Diagnostic services for maladjusted foster children: An orientation toward an acute need. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1958; 28(4):750-763.
Kanner L and Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry and mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1959; 115:608-611.
Eisenberg L, Ascher E and Kanner L. A clinical study of Gilles de la Tourette's disease (maladie des tics) in children. Am J Psychiat. 1959; 115:715-523.
Eisenberg L. Office evaluation of specific reading disability in children. Pediatrics. 1959 (May); 23(5):997-1003.
Rodriguez A, Rodriguez M and Eisenberg L. The outcome of school phobia: a follow up study. Am J Psychiat. 1959 (December); 116:540-544.
Eisenberg L. The pediatric management of school phobia. J Pediatrics. 1959 (December); 55(6):758-766.
Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1960; 116:604.
Eisenberg L. Conceptual problems in relating brain and behavior. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1960; 30:37-48.
Cytryn L, Gilbert A, and Eisenberg L. The effectiveness of tranquilizing drugs plus supportive psychotherapy in treating behavior disorders of children. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1960; 30:113-129.
Eisenberg L. The challenge of change. Child Welfare. 1960 (April); 39:11-18.
Lesser LI, Ashenden BJ, Debuskey M, and Eisenberg L. A clinical study of anorexia nervosa in children. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1960; 30:572-580.
Eisenberg L and Gruenberg EM. The current status of secondary prevention in child psychiatry. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1961; 31:355-367.
Eisenberg L, Gilbert A, Cytryn L, and Molling PA. The effectiveness of psychotherapy alone and in conjunction with perphenazine and placebo in the treatment of neurotic and hyperkinetic children. Am J Psychiat. 1961; 117:1088-1093.
Bahn AK, Chandler CA, and Eisenberg L. Diagnostic and demographic characteristics of patients seen in outpatient psychiatric clinics for an entire state (Maryland): implications for the psychiatrist and the mental health program planner. Am J Psychiat. 1961 (March); 117:769-777.
Eisenberg L. The strategic deployment of the child psychiatrist in preventive psychiatry. J Child Psychol Psychiat. 1961; 2:229-241. Reprinted in: Proc III World Congress on Psychiatry. Montreal, 1961, pp. 280–284.
Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency 1960. Am J Psychiat. 1961 (January); 117:601-604.
Eisenberg L, Landowne EJ, Wilner DM and Imber SD. The use of teacher ratings in a mental health study: a method for measuring the effectiveness of a therapeutic nursery program. Am J Pub Hlth. 1962 (January); 52:18-28.
Eisenberg L. The sins of the fathers: urban decay and social pathology. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1962 (January); 32:5-17. Presented as lecture at 55th Annual Meeting of The Massachusetts Association for Mental Health, June 4, 1968.
Bahn A, Chandler C and Eisenberg L. Diagnostic characteristics related to services in psychiatric clinics for children. Milbank Mem Fund Quart. 1962 (July); 40:289-318.
Molling P, Lockner A, Sauls R and Eisenberg L. Committed delinquent boys: The impact of perphenazine and placebo. Arch Gen Psychiat. 1962 (July); 1:70-76.
Eisenberg L. Preventive psychiatry. Ann Rev Med. 1962; 13:343-360.
Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry; mental deficiency. Am J Psychiat. 1962; 118:600-605.
Eisenberg L. Possibilities for a preventive psychiatry. Pediatrics. 1962; 30:815-828.
Eisenberg L. If not now, when? Am J Orthopsychiat. 1962; 32:781-793. Reprinted in: Canada's Mental Health Suppl #36, April 1963. Reprinted in: World Mental Health. 1963; 5:48-64. Reprinted in: David HP, ed. International Trends in Mental Health. New York: McGraw Hill, 1965. Reprinted in: Child and Family. 1965(1); 4:84-91.
Eisenberg L, Lachman R, Molling P, Lockner A, Mizelle J and Conners K. A psychopharmacologic study in a training school for delinquent boys. Am J Orthopsychiat. 1963 (April); 33:431-447.
Oleinick M, Bahn A, Eisenberg L, and Lilienfeld A. Early socialization experiences and intrafamilial environment. Archives of General Psychiatry 1966 (October); 15:344-353.

Select publications

Eisenberg, L. "Can Human Emotions Be Changed?" Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, January 1966, p. 29.
Eisenberg L. Clinical considerations in the psychiatric evaluation of intelligence. In: Zubin J and Jervis GA, Eds. Psychopathology of mental development. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1967:502 513.
Eisenberg L. Social class and individual development. In: Robert W. Gibson, Ed. Crosscurrents in Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis. Philadelphia and Toronto: J.B. Lippincott, 1967. London: Pitman Medical. 1968. [Cited (1981) in Sir Michael Rutter's Maternal Deprivation Reassessed, Penguin Modern Psychology.]
Eisenberg L. The social development of human intelligence. Harvard Medical Alumni Bulletin 1968; 43:2-7; reprinted (1969) in H. Freemen, Ed. Progress in Mental Health. Churchill.
Eisenberg L, Berlin, CI, Dill A and Frank S. Class and race effects on the intelligibility of monosyllables. Child Development 1968 (December);39(4):1077-1089.
Eisenberg L. Au-dela de l'heridite: le test de l'evolution. La Psychiatrie de l'Enfant. 1968; 11:572-588.
Eisenberg L. The interaction of biological and experiential factors in schizophrenia. Journal of Psychiatric Research 1968 (November, Supplement #1);6:403-409.
Eisenberg L. Child psychiatry: the past quarter century. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 1969(April); 39(3):389-401. Reprinted in: Davids A, Ed. Issues in abnormal child psychology. California: Brooks/Cole, 1973.
Koupernik C and Eisenberg L. Réflexions sur l'autisme infantile (1943–1969) [Reflections on infantile autism (1943–1969)]. Confrontations Psychiatriques (Psychiatric Confrontations). 1969; 2(3):31-55.
Conners CK, Rothschild G, Eisenberg L, Schwartz LS and Robinson E. Dextroamphetamine sulfate in children with learning disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 1969 (August);21:182-190.
Rutter M, Lebovici S, Eisenberg L, Sneznevskij A V, Sadoun R, Brooke E and Lin T Y. A triaxial classification of mental disorders in childhood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1969 (December);10:41-61. [Cited (1981) in Sir Michael Rutter's Maternal Deprivation Reassessed, Penguin Modern Psychology.]
Eisenberg, L. "The Human Nature of Human Nature" Science, vol.176, 1972, p. 126.
Eisenberg L. "Psychiatric intervention" Scientific American 229; 116 127. Reprinted in: Humber JM and Almeder RF (Eds.) Biomedical Ethics and the Law. New York: Plenum, 1976. Reprinted in: Humber JM and Almeder RF (Eds.) Biomedical Ethics and the Law. 2nd Edition. New York: Plenum, 1979, pp. 109 120.
Eisenberg L. The perils of prevention: a cautionary note. New England Journal of Medicine 1977 (December 1);297:1230 1232.
Eisenberg L. Introduction. In: Marmor J.
Judd Marmor
Judd Marmor was an American psychiatrist known for his role in removing homosexuality from the American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.-Life and career:...

Psychiatry in transition. New York: Bruner/Mazel, 1974:v viii.
Eisenberg L. Foreword. In: Thomas A and Chess S. The dynamics of psychological development. New York: Bruner/Mazel, 1980:ix xvii.
Eisenberg, L. "Mindlessness and brainlessness in psychiatry" The Eli Lilly Lecture, Winter Quarterly Meeting. Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, 21 January 1986. British Journal of Psychiatry 1986;148:497-508.
Eisenberg, L. "Rudolf Virchow
Rudolf Virchow
Rudolph Carl Virchow was a German doctor, anthropologist, pathologist, prehistorian, biologist and politician, known for his advancement of public health...

: the physician as politician" Medicine and War 1986;2(4):243-250.
Eisenberg, L. “From circumstance to mechanism in pediatrics during the Hopkins century. Pediatrics. 1990; 85:42-49.
Eisenberg, L. “Subject and object in the grammar of medicine" Penn Medicine 1992(Fall);6:18-28.
Eisenberg L. "The Social Construction of the Human Brain", American Journal of Psychiatry 152: 1563-1575, 1995. Translated into Italian as: ‘’La Costruzione Sociale Del Cervello Umano’’ Sapere 62(5):46-58, 1996.
Eisenberg L. "Nature, niche and nurture: the role of social experience in transforming genotype into phenotype." Academic Psychiatry. 1998; 22:213-222. Reprinted in Epidemiologia E Psichiatria Sociale 1999; 8:190-7. Translated as: Naturaleza, Entorno Y Crianza. El Papel de la Experiencia Social en la Transformacion del Genotipo en Fenotipo. Psychiatria Publica 1999; 11:139-46 .
Eisenberg L. "Would cloned human beings be like sheep?" New England Journal of Medicine. 1999; 340: 471-475. Reprinted in Klotzko AJ (Ed) (2001) The Cloning Source Book. N.Y., Oxford University Press pp. 70–79.
Eisenberg, L. “Does social medicine still matter in an era of molecular medicine?" Journal of Urban Health 1999; 76: 164-175.
Eisenberg, L. “Whatever Happened to the Faculty on the Way to the Agora?" Archives of Internal Medicine 1999;125:251-6.
Eisenberg, L. "Is Psychiatry More Mindful or Brainier than it was a Decade Ago?" British Journal of Psychiatry
British Journal of Psychiatry
The British Journal of Psychiatry is a peer-reviewed medical journal published monthly by the Royal College of Psychiatrists containing original research, systematic reviews, commentaries on contentious articles, short reports, a comprehensive book review section, and a correspondence column...

. 2000;176.1-5.
Eisenberg, L. "Good Technical Outcome, Poor Service Experience: A Verdict on Contemporary Medical Care?" Journal of the American Medical Association 2001;285:2639-2641; in reply. Journal of the American Medical Association 2001;286:1315.
Eisenberg, L. "From Molecules to Mind" Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2002;7:3.
Eisenberg, L. “Social Psychiatry and the Human Genome: Contextualizing Heritability" British Journal of Psychiatry 2004;184:101-103.
Eisenberg L. "Letter to the Editor: Which Image for Lorenz?" American Journal of Psychiatry 2004;161:1760.
Eisenberg L. "When “ADHD” was “the Brain-Damaged Child”", Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology 2007;17(3):279-283.

Many of Leon Eisenberg's books and papers have been translated into both European and non-European languages and have been widely-cited.

Papers written from consulting

Kleinman A

Arthur Kleinman

, Eisenberg L, Desjarlais R (Eds) (1995), World Mental Health: Priorities and Problems in Low-Income Countries. New York: Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press is the largest university press in the world. It is a department of the University of Oxford and is governed by a group of 15 academics appointed by the Vice-Chancellor known as the Delegates of the Press. They are headed by the Secretary to the Delegates, who serves as...

Translated into Spanish as: Salud Mental en el Mundo by I. Levav and R. Gonzalez and published by Organizacion Pan Americana del Salud, Washington, 1997.
Translated into Italian as: La Salute Mentale nel Mondo: Problemi e priorità nelle popolazioni a basso reddito by C. Belotti, G. de Girolamo, A. Fioritti, and V. Melaga and published by Il Mulino/Alfa tape, Bologna, Italy, 1998.
Translated into Ukrainian 2001.

Awards

Sc. D. (Hon), University of Manchester in the UK (1973)
Sc. D. (Hon), University of Massachusetts in the U.S (1991)
Theobald Smith Award, Albany Medical College (1979)
Aldrich Richmond Award, American Academy of Pediatrics
American Academy of Pediatrics
The American Academy of Pediatrics is the major professional association of pediatricians in the United States. The AAP was founded in 1930 by 35 pediatricians to address pediatric healthcare standards. It currently has 60,000 members in primary care and sub-specialist areas...

(1980)
Dale Richmond Awards, American Academy of Pediatrics (1989)
Samuel T. Orton
Samuel Orton
Samuel Torrey Orton was an American physician who pioneered the study of learning disabilities. He is best known for his work examining the causes and treatment of reading disability, or dyslexia....

Award, Orton Society (1980)
Special Presidential Commendation, American Psychiatric Association
American Psychiatric Association
The American Psychiatric Association is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the most influential worldwide. Its some 38,000 members are mainly American but some are international...

(1992)
Agnes Purcell McGavin Award for Prevention, American Psychiatric Association
American Psychiatric Association
The American Psychiatric Association is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the most influential worldwide. Its some 38,000 members are mainly American but some are international...

(1994)
Distinguished Alumnus Award, University of Pennsylvania (1992)
Camille Cosby Award, Judge Baker Children's Center (1994)
Thomas W. Salmon Medal, New York Academy of Medicine (1995)
Blanche F. Ittleson Memorial Award, American Orthopsychiatric Association (1996)
Mumford Award, Columbia University School of Public Health (1996)
Rhoda and Bernard Sarnat Prize for Outstanding Contributions to Mental Health, Institute of Medicine
Institute of Medicine
The Institute of Medicine is a not-for-profit, non-governmental American organization founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences...

(1996)
Award for Distinguished Contribution to Public Policy, SRCD (Society for Research in Child Development
Society for Research in Child Development
The Society for Research in Child Development is a professional society for the field of developmental psychology, focusing specifically on child development. It is a multidisciplinary, not-for-profit, professional association with a membership of approximately 5,500 researchers, practitioners,...

) (2003)
Distinguished Service Award, American Psychiatric Association
Walsh McDermott Medal, Institute of Medicine
Institute of Medicine
The Institute of Medicine is a not-for-profit, non-governmental American organization founded in 1970, under the congressional charter of the National Academy of Sciences...

and the National Academies
Benjamin Rush Medal and Lecture, American Psychiatric Institute (2006)
Epidemiology Award, Harvard School of Public Health
Harvard School of Public Health
The Harvard School of Public Health is one of the professional graduate schools of Harvard University, located in the Longwood Area of the Boston, Massachusetts neighborhood of Mission Hill, which is next to Harvard Medical School. HSPH is considered a significant school focusing on health in the...

(2007)
Harold Amos Diversity Award, Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School
Harvard Medical School is the graduate medical school of Harvard University. It is located in the Longwood Medical Area of the Mission Hill neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts....

(2008)
Juan José López Ibor Award, Juan José López Ibor Foundation, World Psychiatric Association
World Psychiatric Association
The World Psychiatric Association is an international umbrella organisation of psychiatric societies.-Objectives and goals:Originally created to produce world psychiatric congresses, it has evolved to hold regional meetings, to promote professional education and to set ethical, scientific and...

(WPA), granted at the World Congress of Psychiatry in Prague, The Czech Republic (2008)
Honorary Fellow, Greek Society of Neurology and Psychiatry
Honorary Fellow, Ecuadorian Academy of Neuroscience
Honorary Fellow, Royal College of Psychiatrists (UK)

Awards Named for Leon Eisenberg

Leon Eisenberg Chair in Child Psychiatry, Children's Hospital Boston (named June 22, 2009); noted in 6/25/2009 Harvard Gazette story
Leon Eisenberg Award, conferred annually (in the Spring) by the Program in Mental Health and Developmental Disabilities (MH/DD), Children's Hospital Boston
Children's Hospital Boston
Children's Hospital Boston is a 396-licensed bed children's hospital in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area of Boston, Massachusetts.At 300 Longwood Avenue, Children's is adjacent both to its teaching affiliate, Harvard Medical School, and to Dana-Farber Cancer Institute...

, beginning April 28, 2010
The Leon Eisenberg Scholarship (given to one deserving medical student at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine , located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S., is the academic medical teaching and research arm of Johns Hopkins University. Hopkins has consistently been the nation's number one medical school in the amount of competitive research grants awarded by the National...

)
The Leon and Carola Eisenberg Award from Physicians for Human Rights
Physicians for Human Rights
Physicians for Human Rights was founded in 1986 by a small group of doctors who believed the unique scientific expertise and authority of health professionals could bring human rights violations to light and provide justice for victims...

External links

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

Medical accomplishments

Humor

Death

Timeline - chronology of Leon Eisenberg's life and achievements

Memberships, offices, and committee assignments in professional societies

Editorial boards

Academic committees

Themes of most recent writing

Later autobiographical reflections: "Were We Asleep at the Switch?"

Earliest papers

Select publications

Papers written from consulting

Awards

Awards Named for Leon Eisenberg

See also

External links