List of Dacian words
Encyclopedia
This is a list of Romanian words believed by some scholars to be of Dacian
Dacian language
The extinct Dacian language may have developed from proto-Indo-European in the Carpathian region around 2,500 BC and probably died out by AD 600. In the 1st century AD, it was the predominant language of the ancient regions of Dacia and Moesia and, possibly, of some surrounding regions.It belonged...

 origin and thus belonging to the Eastern Romance substratum
Eastern Romance substratum
The Eastern Romance languages developed from the Proto-Romanian language, which in turn developed from the Vulgar Latin spoken in a region of the Balkans which has not yet been exactly determined, but is generally agreed to have been a region north of the Jireček Line.That there was...

. The list does not include the Dacian plant names, collected by Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides
Pedanius Dioscorides was a Greek physician, pharmacologist and botanist, the author of a 5-volume encyclopedia about herbal medicine and related medicinal substances , that was widely read for more than 1,500 years.-Life:...

 and Pseudo-Apuleius
Pseudo-Apuleius
Pseudo-Apuleius refers to the author of a Herbarium or De herbarum virtutibus, also referred as Herbarium Apuleii Platonici; it is a medical herbal of the 5th century....

.

The Sources column indicates the linguist(s) or the works who suggested including the words in the list:
  • "Hasdeu": Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu
    Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu
    Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu was a Romanian writer and philologist, who pioneered many branches of Romanian philology and history. Hasdeu is considered to have been able to understand 26 languages .-Life:...

    , Etymologicum Magnum Romaniae.
  • "Russu": Ion I. Russu, Limba traco-dacilor, published in 1967 at Editura Ştiințifică. The words that have been identified by I. I. Russu to have cognates in Albanian
    Albanian language
    Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...

     are marked with (Alb.).
  • "Vraciu": Ariton Vraciu, Limba daco-geților, published in 1980 at Editura Facla, Timişoara.
  • "NODEX": Noul dicționar explicativ al limbii române (The New Dictionary of the Romanian Language), Litera Internațional Publishing House, 2002. In this dictionary substratum words are labeled cuvînt autohton (native word).
  • "Olteanu": Sorin Olteanu, "The TDM Palatal".
  • "Ciorănescu": Alexandru Ciorănescu, "Dicționarul etimologic român" published by Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife, 1958–1966


The Notes column contains information found in various dictionaries. "Not in current use" indicates words not found in dictionaries of contemporary Romanian.
Word / Name English Sources Notes
abeș ? Hasdeu, Vraciu Not in current use. Dacian: *abhesya.
Abrud Abrud
Abrud
Abrud is a town in the north-western part of Alba County, Transylvania, Romania, located on the river Abrud. It administers three villages: Abrud-Sat, Gura Cornei and Soharu.-Population:...

 
Hasdeu Place name in Romania.
abur steam, vapour Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Albanian avull (steam). Dacian: *abhula. PIE: *h2ep-h3ṇ-lo-
acăța to hang, to catch Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *accaptiāre (to catch) It is difficult to explain the phonetic (pt>t) that gave this derivation from Latin *accaptiāre. The current Romanian form is agăța,acăța that comes from the same mentioned Latin word. Acăț name of acacia tree used in Ardeal region.
adămană Vraciu Not in current use.
ademeni to tempt, to lure Hasdeu Cf. Hungarian adomány (gift, grant).
adia to breeze gently Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *adiliare. Current form: adia.
aghiuță devil Hasdeu Cf. Greek άγιος ágios (saint).
aidoma alike, identical Hasdeu Alternative etymology: from Slavic vidomŭ (visible).
alac Einkorn wheat
Einkorn wheat
thumbnail|150px|left|Wild einkorn, Karadag, central TurkeyEinkorn wheat can refer either to the wild species of wheat, Triticum boeoticum , or to the domesticated form, Triticum monococcum...

 
(Triticum monococcum)
Hasdeu Cf. Hungarian alakor (possibly from Romanian). Alternative etymology: Latin alica (spelt) Other possible origins: Albanian akuë or Albanian lakër (greenery) of Greek origin.
ală a monster that unleashes storms Hasdeu Alternative form: hală; alternative etymology: Bulgarian, Slavic (h)ala
aldea ? Hasdeu
ameți to make/get dizzy Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *ammatteāre (to bludgeon) or *ammitĕre.
amurg twilight, dusk Russu See murg below.
anina to hang, to hook Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *annināre (to swing) or *allevinare.
aprig fiery, hot-blooded Russu Alternative etymology: Latin aprīcus (warm) or *apricus from aper (wild boar).
argea loom (or particular boards of a loom) Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu
Argeș Argeș  Hasdeu Place name, river name.
arunca to throw, to cast Russu Alternative etymology: Latin eruncare (to weed out).
azugă ? Hasdeu Not in current use (see also Azuga
Azuga
Azuga is a small resort town nestled in the mountains of Prahova county in the Wallachian region of Romania. Azuga is located at the foot of the Bucegi mountains, and contains the longest ski run in Romania, the Sorica - together with other ski slopes...

, a town in the Prahova County
Prahova County
Prahova is a county of Romania, in the historical region Muntenia, with the capital city at Ploieşti.-Demographics:In 2002, it had a population of 829,945 and the population density was 176/km². It is Romania's most populated county, having a population density double than the country's mean...

)
baci (chief) shepherd Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Hungarian bácsi (uncle). Compare Bulgarian бачо (bacho/bacio). Also Cf. Albanian bacë (father). This word can not be explained by the mentioned languages. Since it is found in all Slavic languages surrounding Romania, it could indicate a Romanian origin, since only Romanian was directly linked to all of them
baier, baieră rope, belt; coin necklace; talisman; bail (handle) Russu Alternative etymology: Latin baiulus (a porter).
baligă dung, manure Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian bajgë (same meaning).
baltă pool, puddle Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian baltë (mud, soil) and Serbian blato (mud).
bară marsh Hasdeu Alternative etymology: Serbian bara (?)
Barbă-cot "Cot" (lit: elbow) represented a unit for measuring length, equal to the length of the average fore-arm; "Barbă" = beard. "Barbă-cot" = dwarf-like fairy-tale character sporting a disproportionately long beard Hasdeu
barză stork (Ciconia ciconia) Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu, Olteanu Cf. Albanian barth, feminine bardhë (white).
bască beret Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.)
batal wether (castrated ram
Domestic sheep
Sheep are quadrupedal, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Like all ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name "sheep" applies to many species in the genus Ovis, in everyday usage it almost always refers to Ovis aries...

)
Hasdeu Alternative etymology: Turkish battal (useless) from Arabic batal (to mutilate), which also gave Spanish baldar (cripple). Also Cf. Albanian batal and Bulgarian батал (useless).
bălaur
balaur
dragon, monster Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Albanian bollë (snake) and Serbian blavor (slowworm).
băga to insert, to thrust Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *bīgāre, from bis (twice) + *iuga.
băiat boy Russu
bălan blond (person), white-haired (animal) Hasdeu Ennodius and Procopius
Procopius
Procopius of Caesarea was a prominent Byzantine scholar from Palestine. Accompanying the general Belisarius in the wars of the Emperor Justinian I, he became the principal historian of the 6th century, writing the Wars of Justinian, the Buildings of Justinian and the celebrated Secret History...

 both seem to have absorbed the word balan ‘ a piebald horse’ from north of Danube. Alternative etymology: Gothic bala with borrowed forms in Balkan languages (given by Loewe) and in Romance languages (given by Suchier) Slavic bĕlŭ (white)
beregată throat, larynx Russu Cf. Serbian berikat (?). Alternative etymology: Latin *verucata, from *veruca.
bîr Sheep (Not in current use), Preserved as interjection, a call for the sheep to come Vraciu Albanian berr ‘a sheep’. An archaic word, PIE origin cf. Czech beran ‘ram’, Polish, Ukrainian and Russian baran, dial. Italian bero ‘ram’, dial. French berri ‘ram’, Basque barra, Latin berbex. The Romanian form cannot be borrowed. See also oiţă bîrsană ‘a specific sheep with long and soft fleece’
bîrsă a piece of wood or iron that binds together the coulter, the share
Ploughshare
A ploughshare or plowshare is a component of a plough or plow.Ploughshare or Plowshare may also refer to:* Operation Plowshare, United States project to use nuclear explosives for civilian purposes* vomer, facial bone in the human skull...

 and mouldboard of a plough
Plough
The plough or plow is a tool used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting. It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history, and represents one of the major advances in agriculture...

 (the plough
Plough
The plough or plow is a tool used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting. It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history, and represents one of the major advances in agriculture...

 beam?)
NODEX Cf. Albanian vërz (plane (tool)
Plane (tool)
A hand plane is a tool for shaping wood. When powered by electricity, the tool may be called a planer. Planes are used to flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart a smooth surface to a rough piece of lumber or timber. Planing is used to produce horizontal, vertical, or inclined flat surfaces on...

?), Slovenian brdce (piece of wood holding a trawl), and Moravian
Czech language
Czech is a West Slavic language with about 12 million native speakers; it is the majority language in the Czech Republic and spoken by Czechs worldwide. The language was known as Bohemian in English until the late 19th century...

 brdce (piece of wood across the main shaft of a carriage).
boare breeze Russu Albanian: borë (snow); Alternative etymology: Latin boreas (the north wind).
bordei (buried or half-buried) hut Hasdeu, Russu
bortă hole, hollow, archway Hasdeu Cf. Ukrainian bort.
brad
(archaic form *bradzŭ)
fir (any tree of genus Abies) Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Olteanu Cf. Albanian bradh or bredh (same meaning).
brîndușă crocus, primula (Crocus heuffelianus and other similar flowers) Russu Cf. Bulgarian brenduška and Serbian brnduša.
brînză cheese Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu It spawned German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....

 :de:Brinsenkäse, Slavic :ru:брынза, and bryndza
Bryndza
Bryndza is a sheep milk cheese made in Central and Eastern Europe. Recipes differ slightly across the countries.-Etymology:Brânză or brînză is the generic word for "cheese" in Romanian, there is no special type of cheese associated with it...

 in Slovak
Slovak language
Slovak , is an Indo-European language that belongs to the West Slavic languages .Slovak is the official language of Slovakia, where it is spoken by 5 million people...

 and Polish
Polish language
Polish is a language of the Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages, used throughout Poland and by Polish minorities in other countries...

 
brîu belt, waist Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian bres or brezi
brusture bur (large-leafed plant, Lappa) Russu (Alb.)
bucura (verb)
bucuros (adj.)
(to be) glad, to enjoy Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian zbukuroj (beautify) bukurosh (handsome).
buiestru pace (a horse gait
Horse gait
Horse gaits are the various ways in which a horse can move, either naturally or as a result of specialized training by humans.-Classification:...

)
Russu
bunget thick and dark forest Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Albanian bunk.
burghiu drilling bit Hasdeu Alternative etymology: Turkish burgu (gimlet, corkscrew), Serbo-Croatian burgija
burlan spout, water pipe Russu Cf. Turkish burgu (pipe, trumpet).
burtă belly, stomach Russu Cf. Albanian barku (same meaning).
burtucă ? Hasdeu Not in current use.
burtuș ? Hasdeu Not in current use.
butuc log, stump Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *bottum (blunt and snout), Cuman
Cuman language
Cuman was a Kipchak Turkic language spoken by the Cumans and Kipchaks; the language was similar to the today's Crimean Tatar language...

 butak (branch), or Turkish buduk (short-legged). Cf. Hungarian butuk.
butură log, stump Russu Probably a similar etymology with butuc.
buză lip Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian buzë (same meaning). Similar in Bulgarian but the meaning is shfited into cheek.
caier tuft of wool, etc. to be spun Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *caiulus.
cață long stick ending with a hook, used by shepherds Russu See acăța above. Cf. Albanian cita (weaving sticks)
căciulă brimless hat Russu (Alb.) Albanian kësul'ë (same meaning). Similar in Bulgarian, meaning hood.
căpușă tick
Tick
Ticks are small arachnids in the order Ixodida, along with mites, constitute the subclass Acarina. Ticks are ectoparasites , living by hematophagy on the blood of mammals, birds, and sometimes reptiles and amphibians...

 
Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian këpushë (same meaning).
căpută upper side of a foot; footwear covering it Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian këpucë (shoe) or këputë (sole of a foot); Alternative etymology: Slavic kopyto > Romanian copită (hoof), Slavic kopytĭce, Hungarian kapta (last
Last
A last is a form in the approximate shape of a human foot, used by shoemakers and cordwainers in the manufacture and repair of shoes. Lasts typically come in pairs, and throughout their history have been made from many materials, including hardwoods, cast iron, and, more recently, high density...

)
cătun hamlet Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian katund (village), Serbian katun (summer pasture).
cioară crow Hasdeu, Vraciu Cf. Albanian sorrë (same meaning).
cioban shepherd Hasdeu Cf. Turkish çoban (same meaning).
cioc beak Hasdeu, Vraciu Cf. Albanian çok (hammer, knuckle). Compare with the Bulgarian word човка (chovka/ciovca) with the same meaning (bill, beak).
ciocîrlie skylark Hasdeu Derived from cioc, see above.
ciomag club, cudgel Hasdeu Cf. Turkish çomak (same meaning), Cf. Albanian çomage (big hammer)
cîrlan sheep or goat weanling; colt, foal Russu
cîrlig hook Russu Cf. Bulgarian кърлик kărlik (?).
codru wide old forest Hasdeu, Vraciu Alternative etymology: Latin *quodrum (from quadrum (a square), Cf. Albanian koder (hill)
copac tree Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian kopaçe (big piece of wood).
copil child Russu Cf. Albanian kopil (bastard), Serbian and Bulgarian kopile (bastard).
creț curly; curly haired Russu
cruța to pardon, to spare Russu (Alb.)
cujbă Y-shaped piece of wood used to hold the kettle over the fire Hasdeu
culbec snail Hasdeu Variant: cubelc.
curma to tighten (a rope); to cut, stop Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian kurmue.
curpăn vine, twining stem Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian kurpen (?).
cursă trap, snare Russu (Alb.), Olteanu Cf. Albanian kurth (same meaning).
custură blade, knife edge, knife Russu Possible etymology: Romanian cuţit (knife) + the suffix tură
darari ? Russu Not in current use.
daș ram Russu (Alb.) Albanian: dash (same meaning).
dărîma to demolish, to knock down Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian: dërrmoj (same meaning) Alternative etymology: Latin *deramare.
deh ? Hasdeu Not in current use.
deretica to tidy up Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *deradicare (to root out).
descăța to unhook Russu des-căța
descurca to disentangle Russu Antonym of încurca, see below.
desghina to divide, to separate Russu current: dezbina
dezbăra to break from a bad habit, to rid Russu
dezgauc ? Hasdeu
doină Romanian lyrical folk song Hasdeu, Vraciu Cf. Latvian and Lithuanian daina
Daina (disambiguation)
Daina may refer to:*Daina , Latvian folksong*Daina , Lithuanian folksong*Daina , Lithuanian cultural organization that functioned in...

 (song, traditional form of Baltic music and poetry).
don ? Hasdeu
dop cork, plug Russu Cf. Saxon
Transylvanian Saxons
The Transylvanian Saxons are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania from the 12th century onwards.The colonization of Transylvania by Germans was begun by King Géza II of Hungary . For decades, the main task of the German settlers was to defend the southeastern border of the...

 dop.
droaie crowd, large number (of people or animals) Russu Cf. Albanian droe or droje (shyness from the crowd ).
dulău mastiff Hasdeu, Vraciu Alternative etymology: Polish dolow or dolaw.
fărîmă crumb, fragment Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian thërrime (same meaning).
gard fence Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gardh (same meaning) and old Slavic gradŭ.
gata ready, done Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gati (same meaning).
gălbează fascioliasis
Fascioliasis
Fasciolosis also known as Fascioliasis, Fasciolasis, distomatosis and liver rot, is an important helminth disease caused by two trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. This disease belongs to the plant-borne trematode zoonoses. In Europe, the Americas and Oceania only F...

 
Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gëlbazë, këlbazë (phlegm).
genune abyss Hasdeu, Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *gyro.
gheară claw, talon Russu Alternative etymology: 1. Latin *ungularis (claw, talon) → *înghiare → în ghiare (in [its] claws); 2. Romanian unghioară (small fingernail) → înghiară. Cf. Albanian dorë (arm, clutches, fist, flipper, hand, handful, mitt, palm, quality), darë (nippers, pincers, pinchers), çjerr (clapperclaw, lacerate, scratch, tear up), grric or gervish (scratch)
ghes a poke, a goad Russu
ghimpe thorn Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gjëmp, gjemb (same meaning).
ghiob cheese barrel Hasdeu Cf. Hungarian döböny (?).
ghionoaie woodpecker Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gjon (night bird).
ghiont a nudge, a poke Russu
ghiuj old, decrepit man Hasdeu, Vraciu Cf. Albanian gjysh (grandfather).
gîde executioner Hasdeu
gîdel ? Hasdeu
gordin Romanian kind of grapes used in winemaking Hasdeu
gorun Sessile oak
Sessile Oak
Quercus petraea , the Sessile Oak, also known as the Durmast Oak, is a species of oak native to most of Europe, and into Anatolia.-Description:...

 (Quercus petraea)
Russu Alternative etymology: Bulgarian горун gorun (same meaning).
grapă harrow
Harrow (tool)
In agriculture, a harrow is an implement for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the soil. In this way it is distinct in its effect from the plough, which is used for deeper tillage. Harrowing is often carried out on fields to follow the rough finish left by ploughing operations...

 
Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian grep, gërepë (fishing rod, [its] hook).
gresie sandstone, whetstone Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gëresë (?).
groapă hole, pit Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gropë (same meaning).
grui hilltop, hillock Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *grunnium
grumaz neck Russu (Alb.), NODEX Cf. Albanian gurmaz or gërmaz (throat).
grunz a lump of stiff but brittle substance, such as a block of salt Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian grundë (?).
gudura to fawn Russu Cf. Albanian gudulis (to tickle); cf. Romanian gâdila (to tickle), cf. Bulgarian гъделичкам (gădelichkam), гъдел ме е (gădel me e) (to tickle)
gușă a bird's crop
Crop (anatomy)
A crop is a thin-walled expanded portion of the alimentary tract used for the storage of food prior to digestion that is found in many animals, including gastropods, earthworms, leeches, insects, birds, and even some dinosaurs.- Bees :Cropping is used by bees to temporarily store nectar of flowers...

; double chin, goiter
Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian gushë (same meaning, plus Adam's apple), Serbian guša (throat), Bulgarian. Alternative etymology: Latin *geusiae.
hojma repeatedly, continuously Hasdeu, Vraciu Alternative etymology: Ukrainian hožma.
iazmă ugly and evil apparition, ghost Hasdeu
iele mythological characters (white-clad beautiful girls, bewitching men with their song and dance) Hasdeu Euphemism of Romanian word dînsele 'goast', 'soul of the dead' (Latin lemures) See also Cf. Serbian vile (nymphs), Slavic mythology. Alternative etymology: from Romanian ele (feminine form of they).
încurca to entangle, to mix up Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *incolicare (from colus = distaff).
înghina to assemble, to put together Russu Cf. Romanian îmbina.
îngurzi to wrinkle the edge of a fabric or the sole of a shoe with a thread Russu
înseila to stitch, to sew temporarily Russu Currently preferred form: însăila; alternative etymology: Turkish say (saw or a delicate kind of serge, or woolen cloth). Cf. Serbian šiti (to sew)
întrema to recover after illness or fatigue Russu
jilț, jielț tall-backed (arm)chair Hasdeu, Vraciu Etymology given for current form jeţ: German Sitz.
leagăn cradle, swing Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *liginare from ligare (to tie/bind).
lepăda to drop; to take off (clothes) Russu Alternative etymology: Latin lapidare (to throw stones). Cf. Serbian pada, opada (to drop, to fall).
lespede stone slab Russu
leșina to faint Russu From Serbian lešina (carcass)
mal shore Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Albanian mal (mountain).
I-
I "mare" II greath II DEX II (Alb.) "madhe"
maldac a small load (of wood, hay, etc.) Hasdeu Alternative etymology: Greek mandakis.
mazăre pea
Pea
A pea is most commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas. Peapods are botanically a fruit, since they contain seeds developed from the ovary of a flower. However, peas are considered to be a vegetable in cooking...

 (Pisum sativum)
Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu, Olteanu Cf. Albanian modhë and modhullë.
măceș sweetbrier
Sweetbrier
Rosa rubiginosa is a species of rose native to Europe and western Asia....

 (Rosa eglanteria)
Russu
mădări to pamper, to spoil (a child) Russu
măgură hill, knoll Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian magulë (same meaning).
mălai millet flour Hasdeu After millet was largely replaced by corn, the word changed its meaning into corn flour.
mămăligă cornmeal mush (mămăligă
Mamaliga
Mămăligă is a porridge made out of yellow maize flour, traditional in Romania and Moldova. It is similar to the Italian polenta.In Transylvania and in Carpathia mămăligă is also called puliszka...

)
Hasdeu Albanian mëmeligë (same meaning)
mărcat ? Russu Not in current use.
mătură broom Russu (Alb.) Alternative etymology: Latin matta 'mat' that gave in Italian dialects the followings: "mattore" 'besom' in Lucania, "mattele" 'bundle' in Abruzzo. See also Catalan and Spanish "mata" Serbian metla (broom)
Mehadia Mehadia
Mehadia
Mehadia is a small market town and commune in Caraş-Severin County, Romania. It lies on the European route E70, in the Cerna River valley. The town is located on the site of the ancient Roman colony Ad Mediam and was noted for its Hercules baths. It had a population of 2,492 in 1900, and of 4,474...

 
Hasdeu
melc snail Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu
mieru bluish Russu
mire bridegroom Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu Cf. Albanian mirë (good).
mistreț wild boar Russu Albanian: mistrec (mischievous person). Alternative etymology: Latin *mixticius.
mișca to move, to stir Russu
mînz foal, colt Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian mëz (same meaning). It is agreed that the Thracian inscription ΜΕΖΗΝΑΙ (mezēnai, in Greek alphabet) on the Duvanli gold ring means horseman. The PIE root *mend(i)- is thought to mean horse.
morman pile, heap Russu
mosoc large shepherd dog Hasdeu
moș old man Russu (Alb.) Probably a backformation from moașă (midwife); cf. Albanian moshë (age).
moț tuft, crest Hasdeu
mugure bud Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian mugull (gemma
Gemma (botany)
A gemma is a single cell, or a mass of cells, or a modified bud of tissue, that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual. This type of asexual reproduction is referred to as fragmentation. It is a means of asexual propagation in plants...

).
munună hilltop Russu
murg dark brown (animal, horse) Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian murg (monk?).
mușat handsome Russu
năpîrcă limbless lizard (Anguis fragilis
Anguis fragilis
Anguis fragilis, or slow worm, slow-worm or slowworm, is a limbless reptile native to Eurasia. It is also sometimes referred to as the blindworm or blind worm, though the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds considers this to be incorrect.Slow worms are semi-fossorial lizards spending much...

); viper
Viperidae
The Viperidae are a family of venomous snakes found all over the world, except in Antarctica, Australia, Ireland, Madagascar, Hawaii, various other isolated islands, and above the Arctic Circle. All have relatively long, hinged fangs that permit deep penetration and injection of venom. Four...

 
Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian nepërkë, nëpërkë (viper).
năsărîmbă prank, mischief Hasdeu
nițel a little Russu
noian multitude, heap Russu
ortoman rich (of a shepherd); handsome (of an outlaw); quick (of a horse) Hasdeu
păstaie pod, capsule, hull Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian pistaë, bishtajë (beans).
păstra to keep Russu Alternative etymology: Bulgarian pastrja (?).Yet, Bulgarian "pastrja" seems to come from Romanian
pînză cloth, linen, fabric Russu
pîrîu brook, creek Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian përrua (creek, stream); also might be related to Romanian rîu (river, stream) from Latin rivus (stream).
prunc small child Russu Alternative etymology: Latin *puerunculus (small child).
pururea always, ever Russu (Alb.) Alternative etymology: Latin purus (pure, also absolute).
rață duck Hasdeu, Vraciu Cf. Albanian rosë (same meaning) and Serbian raca (?).
ravac any of several kinds of wine or must
Must
Must is freshly pressed fruit juice that contains the skins, seeds, and stems of the fruit. The solid portion of the must is called pomace; it typically makes up 7%–23% of the total weight of the must. Making must is the first step in winemaking...

 
Hasdeu Alternative etymology: Turkish ravak (?).
răbda to bide, bear, endure Russu
reazem support, backing, prop Russu
ridica to raise, lift Russu Alternative etymology: Latin eradicare (to uproot).
rîmfă ? Hasdeu Not in current use.
rînză gizzard; any of several stomach diseases Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu Cf. Albanian rrëndës (rennet).
sarbăd
(today searbăd)
insipid Russu (Alb.), Olteanu Cf. Albanian tharbët (acrid). Alternative etymology: Latin exalbidus (white).
Sarmisegetuza Sarmizegetusa
Sarmizegetusa
Sarmizegetusa Regia was the capital and the most important military, religious and political center of Dacians...

 
Hasdeu
scăpăra to strike a flintstone (to start a fire) Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian sqepar (small axe for cutting meat)
scrum ashes Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian shkrum, shkrumb (same meaning). Bulgarian скрум.
scula to get up, to wake Russu (Alb.) Albanian shkul (uproot) Alternative etymology: *excubulare (to get up, wake).
scurma to scrape or dig (with snout, claws, beak, tools) Russu Alternative etymology: *excorrimare (?).
sîmbure pit (fruit kernel) Russu (Alb.), NODEX, Olteanu Cf. Albanian sumbull or thumbull (?).
sîmvea (?) Hasdeu
spînz hellebore
Hellebore
Commonly known as hellebores, members of the genus Helleborus comprise approximately 20 species of herbaceous perennial flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, within which it gave its name to the tribe of Helleboreae...

 
Russu (Alb.) Alternative etymology: 1) Cf. Armenian osindr (absinth) < ancient ospindr, derived from a root spind ‘glow, burn’ 2) Slavic spreji (?).
stăpîn master, owner Hasdeu, Vraciu Alternative etymology: Slavic stopanŭ (same meaning) It seems that the Slavic word had been borrowed either from Albanian or from Romanian
strănut, strenut, stărnut with a white spot on nose (about animals) Russu
stejar oak Hasdeu, Vraciu Alternative etymology: Old Slavonic stežerŭ "stick" cf. Bulgarian stožar 'stick, wood', Sb., Cr. stežer "trunk" (> steajer) stožer "spindle tree" Bulgarian стежер (stejer) (?).
steregie icicle-shaped soot concretion in chimneys Russu
sterp sterile, infertile Russu (Alb.) Albanian: shterp (same meaning).
stînă sheep fold Hasdeu, Vraciu, NODEX
străghiată storm Russu Cf. Albanian shtrëngatë (same meaning).
strepede larva living in foodstuff (Piophila casei) Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian shtrep (cheese-worm).
strugure grape Russu, NODEX
strungă place for milking sheep; narrow passage, canyon Russu (Alb.), NODEX Cf. Albanian shtrungë (sheep-pen; passage).
sugruma to strangle, to burke Russu From sub (under) and grumaz (throat, see above).
sugușa to strangle, to burke Russu From sub (under) and guşă (goiter, see above).
șale hips Russu (Alb.) Cf Albanian shale (thigh), Alternative etymology: Latin sella (seat).
șiră spine Hasdeu, Russu
șopîrlă lizard Hasdeu, Russu (Alb.), Vraciu
șoric pig skin Russu
șut hornless Russu (Alb.) Albanian: shyt (same meaning)
tare hard Russu
traistă bag Hasdeu Albanian trastë, trajstë (same meaning), cf. Romanian synonym straiţă and Albanian strajcë
tulei (young) whiskers Hasdeu
țap he-goat Russu (Alb.) Albanian: cjap (ibex, billy-goat)
țarc pen, fold (fenced enclosure for animals) Russu (Alb.), Olteanu Cf. Albanian cark or thark (enclosure for animals).
țarină country Russu
țăruș pole, pale, picket Russu
țîmburuș
(today țumburuș)
a small, usually round, protrusion on a surface, nub Olteanu Cf. Albanian thumbullë (pin; small nail) and cf. Romanian sâmbure.
țundră . Hasdeu
țurcă traditional Romanian game Hasdeu
(a se/ a) uita respectively: to look, to forget Russu Altern. etym. Latin *oblitare (to forget).
undrea sewing needle Russu current form: andrea
urca climb Russu
urcior eyesore Russu Altern. etym. hordeolus (eyesore).
urdă cottage cheese Hasdeu, Russu, Vraciu
urdina . Russu Altern. etym. Latin ordinare (to set in order).
urdoare Gelatinous ocular secretion Russu Altern. etym. Latin *horridor (rough, horrible).
vatră hearth, home, fireplace Hasdeu, Russu (Alb). Albanian vatre (fireplace) (Vraciu), Serbian vatra (fire)
vătăma to hurt, to injure Russu Altern. etym. Latin victimare (to sacrifice).
vătui one year old kid (goat & doe); hare Russu (Alb.) Latin vitellus (a little calf).
viezure
(archaic form viedzure)
badger Russu (Alb.), Olteanu Cf. Albanian vjedhullë (the thief, from the verb vjeth, to steal).
viscol blizzard Russu
zară buttermilk Russu Albanian dhallë (same meaning), cf. Romanian zăr, zer below
zăr
(today zer)
whey Russu, Olteanu Cf. Albanian dhallë (sour milk, diluted yogurt).
zburda jump around, prance, frolic Russu
zestre wedding gift, or wealth Russu. Altern. etym. 1) Latin dextrae 2) Bulgarian зестра (zestra) that comes from Romanian
zgardă collar Russu (Alb.) Cf. Albanian shkardhë (leash)
zgîria scratch Russu (Alb.?) Altern. etym. Latin *scaberare < scaber (itchy)
zgîrma scratch (searching for something) Russu cf. Romanian scurma above
zîmbru, zâmbru a coniferous tree, Pinus cembra Hasdeu, Vraciu (zimbru is a different word, meaning bufalo, i.e., Bison bonasus)
zîrnă, zârnă black nightshade (Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum is a species in the Solanum genus, native to Eurasia and introduced in the Americas, Australasia and South Africa.-Description:Black...

)
Hasdeu Altern. etym. Old Slavic zrŭnograin'

See also

  • List of Dacian plant names
  • List of Dacian names
  • Dacian language
    Dacian language
    The extinct Dacian language may have developed from proto-Indo-European in the Carpathian region around 2,500 BC and probably died out by AD 600. In the 1st century AD, it was the predominant language of the ancient regions of Dacia and Moesia and, possibly, of some surrounding regions.It belonged...

  • Thracian language
    Thracian language
    The Thracian language was the Indo-European language spoken in ancient times in Southeastern Europe by the Thracians, the northern neighbors of the Ancient Greeks. The Thracian language exhibits satemization: it either belonged to the Satem group of Indo-European languages or it was strongly...

  • Thraco-Illyrian
    Thraco-Illyrian
    Thraco-Illyrian refers to a hypothesis that the Thraco-Dacian and Illyrian languages comprise a distinct branch of Indo-European. Thraco-Illyrian is also used as a term merely implying a Thracian-Illyrian interference, mixture or sprachbund, or as a shorthand way of saying that it is not...

  • Origin of the Albanians
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