List of Russian rulers
Encyclopedia
The vast territory known today as Russia covers an area that has been known historically by various names, including Rus'
, Kievan Rus'
, the Tsardom of Russia
and the Russian Empire
, and the sovereigns of these many nations and throughout their histories have used likewise as wide a range of titles in their positions as chief magistrates of a country. Some of the earliest titles include Kniaz and Velikiy Kniaz, which mean "Prince" and "Great Prince" respectively but are often rendered as "Duke" and "Grand Duke" in Western literature; then the title of Tsar
, meaning "Caesar", which was disputed to be the equal of either a king or emperor; finally culminating in the title of Emperor
. The full title of the Russian Emperors, according to Article 59 of the 1906 Russian Constitution, was given as:
The Patriarchs of Moscow, who are the head of Russian Orthodox Church
, also have acted as the leaders of Russia from time to time, usually in periods of political upheaval as during the Polish occupation and interregnum of 1610–1613.
Novgorod Republic
Grand Prince
Grand Princes of Tver
Grand Princes of Moscow
Rurik Dynasty
Rurik Dynasty
Time of Troubles
(the Boyar Duma), a group of the highest Russian nobles, deposed the tsar Vasily IV on , and recognized the Polish prince Władysław IV Vasa
as the new tsar on . The Poles entered Moscow on :
Later, the members of the council were also:
The Deeds of the Seven Boyars had existed until the Poles were driven from Moscow on .
House of Vasa
The monarchs listed below reigned with absolute power until 1905, and then with executive and administrative powers from 1905–1917.
See List of leaders of Russia for the continuation of leadership.
See Line of succession to the Russian throne
Rus' (region)
Rus' is an ethno-cultural region in Eastern Europe inhabited by Eastern Slavs. Historically, it comprises the northern part of Ukraine, the north-western part of Russia, Belarus and some eastern parts of Poland and Slovakia.The name comes from Old East Slavic , and remains the same in modern...
, Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus was a medieval polity in Eastern Europe, from the late 9th to the mid 13th century, when it disintegrated under the pressure of the Mongol invasion of 1237–1240....
, the Tsardom of Russia
Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia was the name of the centralized Russian state from Ivan IV's assumption of the title of Tsar in 1547 till Peter the Great's foundation of the Russian Empire in 1721.From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew 35,000 km2 a year...
and the Russian Empire
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia and the predecessor of the Soviet Union...
, and the sovereigns of these many nations and throughout their histories have used likewise as wide a range of titles in their positions as chief magistrates of a country. Some of the earliest titles include Kniaz and Velikiy Kniaz, which mean "Prince" and "Great Prince" respectively but are often rendered as "Duke" and "Grand Duke" in Western literature; then the title of Tsar
Tsar
Tsar is a title used to designate certain European Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers. As a system of government in the Tsardom of Russia and Russian Empire, it is known as Tsarist autocracy, or Tsarism...
, meaning "Caesar", which was disputed to be the equal of either a king or emperor; finally culminating in the title of Emperor
Emperor
An emperor is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife or a woman who rules in her own right...
. The full title of the Russian Emperors, according to Article 59 of the 1906 Russian Constitution, was given as:
-
- Emperor and Autocrat of all the RussiasRussia (disambiguation)Russia , a country in northern Eurasia officially known as the Russian Federation, is the modern successor state of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and the Soviet Union....
, of Moscow, KievKievKiev or Kyiv is the capital and the largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population as of the 2001 census was 2,611,300. However, higher numbers have been cited in the press....
, VladimirVladimir-SuzdalThe Vladimir-Suzdal Principality or Vladimir-Suzdal Rus’ was one of the major principalities which succeeded Kievan Rus' in the late 12th century and lasted until the late 14th century. For a long time the Principality was a vassal of the Mongolian Golden Horde...
, Novgorod, Tsar of KazanKazanKazan is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. With a population of 1,143,546 , it is the eighth most populous city in Russia. Kazan lies at the confluence of the Volga and Kazanka Rivers in European Russia. In April 2009, the Russian Patent Office granted Kazan the...
, Tsar of AstrakhanAstrakhanAstrakhan is a major city in southern European Russia and the administrative center of Astrakhan Oblast. The city lies on the left bank of the Volga River, close to where it discharges into the Caspian Sea at an altitude of below the sea level. Population:...
, Tsar of PolandCongress PolandThe Kingdom of Poland , informally known as Congress Poland , created in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna, was a personal union of the Russian parcel of Poland with the Russian Empire...
, Tsar of SiberiaSiberiaSiberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
, Tsar of TauricTauricaTaurica, Tauric Chersonese, and Taurida were names by which the territory of Crimea was known to the Greeks and Romans.- Etymology of the name :...
Chersonesos, Tsar of Georgia, LordLordLord is a title with various meanings. It can denote a prince or a feudal superior . The title today is mostly used in connection with the peerage of the United Kingdom or its predecessor countries, although some users of the title do not themselves hold peerages, and use it 'by courtesy'...
of PskovPskovPskov is an ancient city and the administrative center of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located in the northwest of Russia about east from the Estonian border, on the Velikaya River. Population: -Early history:...
, and Grand DukeGrand DukeThe title grand duke is used in Western Europe and particularly in Germanic countries for provincial sovereigns. Grand duke is of a protocolary rank below a king but higher than a sovereign duke. Grand duke is also the usual and established translation of grand prince in languages which do not...
of SmolenskSmolenskSmolensk is a city and the administrative center of Smolensk Oblast, Russia, located on the Dnieper River. Situated west-southwest of Moscow, this walled city was destroyed several times throughout its long history since it was on the invasion routes of both Napoleon and Hitler. Today, Smolensk...
, LithuaniaGrand Duchy of LithuaniaThe Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 12th /13th century until 1569 and then as a constituent part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1791 when Constitution of May 3, 1791 abolished it in favor of unitary state. It was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic...
, VolhyniaVolhyniaVolhynia, Volynia, or Volyn is a historic region in western Ukraine located between the rivers Prypiat and Southern Bug River, to the north of Galicia and Podolia; the region is named for the former city of Volyn or Velyn, said to have been located on the Southern Bug River, whose name may come...
, PodoliaPodoliaThe region of Podolia is an historical region in the west-central and south-west portions of present-day Ukraine, corresponding to Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Vinnytsia Oblast. Northern Transnistria, in Moldova, is also a part of Podolia...
, and FinlandGrand Duchy of FinlandThe Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland. It existed 1809–1917 as part of the Russian Empire and was ruled by the Russian czar as Grand Prince.- History :...
, PrincePrincePrince is a general term for a ruler, monarch or member of a monarch's or former monarch's family, and is a hereditary title in the nobility of some European states. The feminine equivalent is a princess...
of EstoniaEstoniaEstonia , officially the Republic of Estonia , is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia , and to the east by Lake Peipsi and the Russian Federation . Across the Baltic Sea lies...
, LivoniaLivoniaLivonia is a historic region along the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It was once the land of the Finnic Livonians inhabiting the principal ancient Livonian County Metsepole with its center at Turaida...
, CourlandCourlandCourland is one of the historical and cultural regions of Latvia. The regions of Semigallia and Selonia are sometimes considered as part of Courland.- Geography and climate :...
and SemigaliaSemigaliaZemgale, also known under Latinized names Semigalia or Semigallia is a historical region of Latvia, sometimes also including a part of Lithuania. It lies in the middle of the southern part of the Republic of Latvia, and borders historical regions of Selonia, Samogitia, Courland and Livland. The...
, SamogitiaSamogitiaSamogitia is one of the five ethnographic regions of Lithuania. It is located in northwestern Lithuania. Its largest city is Šiauliai/Šiaulē. The region has a long and distinct cultural history, reflected in the existence of the Samogitian dialect...
, Belostok, KareliaKareliaKarelia , the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden...
, TverTverTver is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 403,726 ; 408,903 ;...
, YugraYugraYugra was the name of the lands between the Pechora River and Northern Urals in the Russian annals of the 12th–17th centuries, as well as the name of the Khanty and partly Mansi tribes inhabiting these territories, later known as VogulsThe Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia is also...
, PermPermPerm is a city and the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River, in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains. From 1940 to 1957 it was named Molotov ....
, VyatkaKirov, Kirov OblastKirov , formerly known as Vyatka and Khlynov, is a city in northeastern European Russia, on the Vyatka River, and the administrative center of Kirov Oblast. Population: -History:...
, BulgariaVolga BulgariaVolga Bulgaria, or Volga–Kama Bolghar, is a historic Bulgar state that existed between the seventh and thirteenth centuries around the confluence of the Volga and Kama rivers in what is now Russia.-Origin:...
and other territories; Lord and Grand Duke of Nizhni Novgorod, Sovereign of Chernigov, RyazanRyazanRyazan is a city and the administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Oka River southeast of Moscow. Population: The strategic bomber base Dyagilevo is just west of the city, and the air base of Alexandrovo is to the southeast as is the Ryazan Turlatovo Airport...
, Polotsk, RostovRostovRostov is a town in Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, one of the oldest in the country and a tourist center of the Golden Ring. It is located on the shores of Lake Nero, northeast of Moscow. Population:...
, YaroslavlYaroslavlYaroslavl is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located northeast of Moscow. The historical part of the city, a World Heritage Site, is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl Rivers. It is one of the Golden Ring cities, a group of historic cities...
, Beloozero, Udoria, Obdoria, KondiaKondiaKondia or Konda was the name of a Mansi principality which existed independently until the mid-18th century. The last native Prince to be awarded the title "Prince of Konda" by the Russian Emperor was in 1842...
, VitebskVitebskVitebsk, also known as Viciebsk or Vitsyebsk , is a city in Belarus, near the border with Russia. The capital of the Vitebsk Oblast, in 2004 it had 342,381 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth largest city...
, Mstislavl, and all northern territories; Sovereign of IveriaCaucasian IberiaIberia , also known as Iveria , was a name given by the ancient Greeks and Romans to the ancient Georgian kingdom of Kartli , corresponding roughly to the eastern and southern parts of the present day Georgia...
, KartaliniaKartliKartli is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river Mtkvari , on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in ethnic and political consolidation of the Georgians in the Middle Ages...
, and the KabardKabardKabarda or Kabard ; are terms referring to a people of the northern Caucasus more commonly known by the plural term Kabardin . Originally they Kabarda or Kabard ; are terms referring to a people of the northern Caucasus more commonly known by the plural term Kabardin (or Kebertei as they term...
inian lands and ArmeniaArmeniaArmenia , officially the Republic of Armenia , is a landlocked mountainous country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia...
n territories – hereditary Lord and Ruler of the CircassiaCircassiaCircassia was an independent mountainous country located in the Caucasus region of Eurasia and was the largest and most important country in the Caucasus. Circassia was located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea...
ns and Mountain Princes and others; Lord of TurkestanTurkestanTurkestan, spelled also as Turkistan, literally means "Land of the Turks".The term Turkestan is of Persian origin and has never been in use to denote a single nation. It was first used by Persian geographers to describe the place of Turkish peoples...
, Heir of NorwayNorwayNorway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...
, Duke of Schleswig-HolsteinSchleswig-HolsteinSchleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig...
, StormarnStormarnStormarn is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Segeberg and Ostholstein, the city of Lübeck, the district of Lauenburg, and the city-state of Hamburg.-History:...
, DithmarschenDithmarschenDithmarschen is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by the districts of Nordfriesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, and Steinburg, by the state of Lower Saxony , and by the North Sea.-Geography:The district is located on the North Sea...
, OldenburgOldenburg (state)Oldenburg — named after its capital, the town of Oldenburg — was a state in the north of present-day Germany. Oldenburg survived from 1180 until 1918 as a county, duchy and grand duchy, and from 1918 until 1946 as a free state. It was located near the mouth of the River Weser...
, and so forth, and so forth, and so forth.
- Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias
The Patriarchs of Moscow, who are the head of Russian Orthodox Church
Russian Orthodox Church
The Russian Orthodox Church or, alternatively, the Moscow Patriarchate The ROC is often said to be the largest of the Eastern Orthodox churches in the world; including all the autocephalous churches under its umbrella, its adherents number over 150 million worldwide—about half of the 300 million...
, also have acted as the leaders of Russia from time to time, usually in periods of political upheaval as during the Polish occupation and interregnum of 1610–1613.
Novgorod Rus
| Monarch | Portrait | Born-Died | Ruled from | Ruled until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rurik Rurik Rurik, or Riurik , was a semilegendary 9th-century Varangian who founded the Rurik dynasty which ruled Kievan Rus and later some of its successor states, most notably the Tsardom of Russia, until 1598.... |
?–879 | 862 | 879 | |
| Oleg of Novgorod Oleg of Novgorod Oleg of Novgorod was a Varangian prince who ruled all or part of the Rus' people during the early 10th century.... |
 |
?–912 | 879 | 882 |
Grand Princes of Kiev (c. 862–1132)
| Monarch | Portrait | Born-Died | Ruled from | Ruled until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Askold and Dir Askold and Dir Askold and Dir are semi-legendary rulers of Kiev who, according to the Primary Chronicle, were two of Rurik's voivodes in 870s... (non-Rurikids) |
no image | ?–882 | 842 or 862 | 882 |
| Oleg of Novgorod Oleg of Novgorod Oleg of Novgorod was a Varangian prince who ruled all or part of the Rus' people during the early 10th century.... |
|
?–912 | 882 | 912 |
| Igor of Kiev |  |
?–945 | 913 | 945 |
| Olga of Kiev Olga of Kiev Saint Olga , or Olga the Beauty, hypothetically Old Norse: Helga In some Scandinavian sources she was called other name. born c. 890 died 11 July 969, Kiev) was a ruler of Kievan Rus' as regent Saint Olga , or Olga the Beauty, hypothetically Old Norse: Helga In some Scandinavian sources she was... (regent Regent A regent, from the Latin regens "one who reigns", is a person selected to act as head of state because the ruler is a minor, not present, or debilitated. Currently there are only two ruling Regencies in the world, sovereign Liechtenstein and the Malaysian constitutive state of Terengganu... ) |
 |
?–969 | 945 | 962 |
| Sviatoslav I Sviatoslav I of Kiev Sviatoslav I Igorevich ; , also spelled Svyatoslav, was a prince of Rus... |
 |
942–972 | 962 | 972 |
| Yaropolk I Yaropolk I of Kiev Yaropolk I Svyatoslavich was a young and rather enigmatic ruler of Kiev between 972 and 980. His royal title is traditionally translated as "Prince".... |
 |
958 (960?)–980 | 972 | 980 |
| Vladimir the Great |  |
958–1015 | 980 | 1015 |
| Sviatopolk the Accursed Sviatopolk I of Kiev Sviatopolk I Vladimirovich was the Kniaz' of Turov and Velikii Kniaz of Kiev whose paternity and guilt in the murder of brothers are disputed.-Early life:Sviatopolk's mother was a Greek nun captured by Sviatoslav I in Bulgaria and married to his lawful heir... |
 |
980–1019 | 1015 | 1019 |
| Yaroslav the Wise |  |
978–1054 | 1019 | 1054 |
| Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav Yaroslavich , Kniaz' , Veliki Kniaz of Kiev , King of Rus'... |
no image | 1024–1078 | 1054 | 1068 |
| Vseslav of Polotsk Vseslav of Polotsk Vseslav of Polotsk , also known as Vseslav the Sorcerer or Vseslav the Seer, was the most famous ruler of Polotsk and was briefly Grand Prince of Kiev in 1068–1069. Together with Rostislav Vladimirovich and voivode Vyshata made up a coalition against the Yaroslaviches triumvirate... |
 |
1039–1101 | 1068 | 1069 |
| Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav Yaroslavich , Kniaz' , Veliki Kniaz of Kiev , King of Rus'... (second time) |
no image | 1024–1078 | 1069 | 1073 |
| Sviatoslav II of Kiev Sviatoslav II of Kiev Sviatoslav Iaroslavich was the Prince of Chernihiv from 1054 to 1073 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 1073 until his death... |
1027–1076 | 1073 | 1076 | |
| Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav I of Kiev Iziaslav Yaroslavich , Kniaz' , Veliki Kniaz of Kiev , King of Rus'... (third time) |
no image | 1024–1078 | 1076 | 1078 |
| Vsevolod I of Kiev Vsevolod I of Kiev Vsevolod I Yaroslavich , ruled as Grand Prince of Kiev from 1078 until his death.-Early life:... |
no image | 1030–1093 | 1078 | 1093 |
| Sviatopolk II of Kiev Sviatopolk II of Kiev Sviatopolk II Iziaslavich was supreme ruler of the Kievan Rus for 20 years, from 1093 to 1113. He was not a popular prince, and his reign was marked by incessant rivalry with his cousin Vladimir Monomakh... |
no image | 1050–1113 | 1093 | 1113 |
| Vladimir II Monomakh Vladimir II Monomakh Vladimir II Monomakh |Basileios]]) was a Velikiy Kniaz of Kievan Rus'.- Family :He was the son of Vsevolod I and Anastasia of Byzantium Vladimir II Monomakh |Basileios]]) (1053 – May 19, 1125) was a Velikiy Kniaz (Grand Prince) of Kievan Rus'.- Family :He was the son of Vsevolod I (married in... |
 |
1053–1125 | 1113 | 1125 |
| Mstislav the Great Mstislav I of Kiev Mstislav I Vladimirovich the Great was the Grand Prince of Kiev , the eldest son of Vladimir II Monomakh by Gytha of Wessex... |
1076–1132 | 1125 | 1132 |
Novgorod RepublicNovgorod RepublicThe Novgorod Republic was a large medieval Russian state which stretched from the Baltic Sea to the Ural Mountains between the 12th and 15th centuries, centred on the city of Novgorod...
(1136–1478)
- Sviatoslav OlgovichSviatoslav OlgovichSviatoslav Olgovich , Prince of Novgorod Novhorod-Siversky , Bilhorod Kyivsky and Chernihiv...
, 1136–1138 - Sviatopolk Mstislavich (2nd time), 1138
- Rostislav Yurevich, 1138–1140
- Sviatoslav Olgovich (2nd time), 1140–1141
- Sviatoslav Vsevolodich, 1141
- Rostislav Yurevich (2nd time), 1141–1142
- Sviatopolk Mstislavich, 1142–1148
- Yaroslav II of KievYaroslav II of KievYaroslav II Iziaslavich , Prince of Turov , Novgorod , Lutsk and Grand Prince of Kiev . He was the son of Iziaslav II of Kiev and the brother of Mstislav II of Kiev....
, 1148–1154 - Rostislav Mstislavich, 1154
- David Rostislavich of Smolensk, 1154–1155
- Mstislav Yurevich, 1155–1158
- Sviatoslav Rostislavich of Smolensk, 1158–1160
- Mstislav the EyelessMstislav the EyelessMstislav Rostislavich Bezokii was Prince of Rostov and Prince of Novgorod the Great...
, 1160–1161 - Sviatoslav Rostislavich (2nd time), 1161–1168
- Roman the GreatRoman the GreatRoman Mstislavich , also Roman Mstyslavych or Roman the Great, was a Rus’ prince, Grand Prince of Kiev ....
, 1168–1170 - Rurik RostislavichRurik RostislavichRuryk Rostislavich , Prince of Novgorod , Belgorod Kievsky, presently Bilohorodka , Grand Prince of Kiev , Prince of Chernigov...
, 1170–1171 - Yuri Andreevich, 1171–1175
- Sviatoslav Mstislavich, 1175–1176
- Mstislav the Eyeless (2nd time), 1177
- Yaroslav Mstislavich, 1177
- Mstislav the Eyeless (3rd time), 1177–1178
- Yaropolk RostislavichYaropolk RostislavichYaropolk Rostislavich was a Russian grand prince between 1174 and 1175. He was nephew of Andrei I Bogolyubsky....
, 1178 - Roman Rostislavich, 1178–1179
- Mstislav RostislavichMstislav RostislavichMstislav Rostislavich , known as "The Brave" , was Prince of Smolensk and Prince of Novgorod. He should not be confused with another prince of the same name, Mstislav Rostislavich Bezokii , who was Prince of Rostov and also Prince of Novgorod and who died in...
("the Bold"), 1179–1180 - Vladimir Sviatoslavich, 1180–1181
- Yaroslav VladimirovichYaroslav VladimirovichYaroslav Vladimirovich may refer to:* Yaroslav I the Wise, Grand Prince of Kievan Rus, son of Vladimir I of Kiev* Yaroslav Osmomysl, Prince of Halych, son of Volodymyrko of Halych...
, 1182–1184 - Mstislav-Boris Davidovich, 1184–1187
- Yaroslav Vladimirovich (2nd time), 1187–1196
- Yaropolk Yaroslavich, 1197
- Yaroslav Vladimirovich (3rd time), 1197–1199
- Sviatoslav Vsevolodich, 1200–1205
- Konstantin Vsevolodich, 1205–1207
- Sviatoslav Vsevolodich (2nd time), 1207–1210
- Mstislav Mstislavich, 1210–1215
- Yaroslav II of VladimirYaroslav II of VladimirYaroslav II , Christian name Theodor was the Grand Prince of Vladimir who helped to restore his country and capital after the Mongol invasion of Russia.-Prince of Pereyaslav:...
, 1215–1216 - Mstislav Mstislavich (2nd time), 1216–1218
- Sviatoslav Mstislavich, 1218–1219
- Vsevolod MstislavichVsevolod MstislavichVsevolod Mstislavich may refer to:* Vsevolod Mstislavich of Volhynia, Rurikid, knyaz of Belz , knyaz of Volodymyr-Volynsky *Vsevolod Mstislavich of Novgorod and Pskov Rurikid, knyaz of Novgorod , of Vyshgorod , of Pskov...
, 1219–1221 - Vsevolod Yurevich (Dmitry), 1221
- Yaroslav II of Vladimir (2nd time), 1221–1223
- Vsevolod Yurevich (2nd time), 1223–1224
- Michael of ChernigovMichael of ChernigovSaint Michael of Chernigov or Mikhail Vsevolodovich was a Rus' prince...
, 1225 - Yaroslav II of Vladimir (3rd time), 1224–1228
- Fedor Yaroslavich, 1228–1229
- Alexander NevskyAlexander NevskyAlexander Nevsky was the Prince of Novgorod and Grand Prince of Vladimir during some of the most trying times in the city's history. Commonly regarded as the key figure of medieval Rus, Alexander was the grandson of Vsevolod the Big Nest and rose to legendary status on account of his military...
, 1228–1229 - Michael of Chernigov (2nd time), 1229
- Rostislav Mikhailovich, 1229–1230
- Yaroslav II of Vladimir (4th time), 1230–1236
- Alexander Nevsky (2nd time), 1236–1240
- Andrey II of Vladimir, 1240–1241
- Alexander Nevsky (3rd time), 1241–1252
- Vasily Aleksandrovich, 1252–1255
- Yaroslav of Tver, 1255
- Vasily Aleksandrovich (2nd time), 1255–1258
- Alexander Nevsky (4th time), 1258–1260
- Dmitry of PereslavlDmitry of PereslavlDmitry Alexandrovich was Grand Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal from 1276 until 1281 and then from 1283 until 1293.Dmitry was the second son of Alexander Nevsky. When his elder brother Vasily died young, Dmitry remained the chief heir to his illustrious father. As early as 1259, he was left by Alexander...
, 1260–1263 - Vasily of KostromaVasily of KostromaVasily Yaroslavich was a Grand Duke of Vladimir. The youngest son of Yaroslav II, he was given Kostroma by his uncle Svyatoslav III in 1246. As the eldest surviving grandson of Vsevolod III, he succeeded to Vladimir in 1272 and to Novgorod the following year. He was one of the first princes who...
, 1264–1272 - Dmitry of Pereslavl (2nd time), 1272–1273
- Vasily of Kostroma (2nd time), 1273–1276
- Dmitry of Pereslavl (3rd time), 1276–1281
- Andrey of GorodetsAndrey of GorodetsAndrey III Alexandrovich was a Russian prince, son of Alexander Nevsky, who received from his father the town of Gorodets on the Volga. In 1276, he added Kostroma to his possessions and joined the struggle for Grand Duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal.In 1281 Andrey, joining the Mongol army, expelled his...
, 1281–1285 - Dmitry of Pereslavl (4th time), 1285–1292
- Andrey of Gorodets (2nd time), 1292–1304
- Mikhail of Tver, 1308–1314
- Afanasiy Danilovich, 1314–1315
- Mikhail of Tver (2nd time), 1315–1316
- Afanasiy Danilovich (2nd time), 1318–1322
- Yury of MoscowYury of MoscowYuriy Danilovich, also known as Georgiy Danilovich was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir ....
, 1322–1325 - Alexander of Tver, 1325–1327
- Ivan I of Moscow (Kalita, "the Money-bag"), 1328–1337
- Simeon of Moscow, 1346–1353
- Ivan II of Moscow, 1355–1359
- Dmitry of SuzdalDmitry of SuzdalDmitri Konstantinovich of Suzdal was a powerful Prince of Suzdal and Nizhny Novgorod who dominated Russian politics during the minority of his son-in-law, Dmitri Donskoi...
, 1359–1363 - Dmitry Donskoy, 1363–1389
- LengvenisLengvenisLengvenis was one of the sons of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, and the ruler of Great Novgorod Republic . He was known for his skills as a military leader....
of Lithuania, 1389–1392, 1406–1411 - Vasily I of Moscow, 1408–1425
- Vasily II of Moscow, 1425–1462
- Jonas Vladimiraitis of Lithuania, Duke of Bely (1444–1446)
- Ivan III of Moscow ("the Great"), 1462–1478
Grand PrinceGrand PrinceThe title grand prince or great prince ranked in honour below emperor and tsar and above a sovereign prince .Grand duke is the usual and established, though not literal, translation of these terms in English and Romance languages, which do not normally use separate words for a "prince" who reigns...
s of Vladimir-SuzdalVladimir-SuzdalThe Vladimir-Suzdal Principality or Vladimir-Suzdal Rus’ was one of the major principalities which succeeded Kievan Rus' in the late 12th century and lasted until the late 14th century. For a long time the Principality was a vassal of the Mongolian Golden Horde...
(1168–1389)
- Andrei BogolyubskyAndrei BogolyubskyPrince Andrei I of Vladimir, commonly known as Andrey Bogolyubsky was a prince of Vladimir-Suzdal . He was the son of Yuri Dolgoruki, who proclaimed Andrei a prince in Vyshhorod . His mother was a Kipchak princess, khan Aepa's daughter.- Life :He left Vyshhorod in 1155 and moved to Vladimir...
(1168–1174), first Grand Prince of Vladimir, son of Yuri DolgorukiYuri DolgorukiPrince Yuri I Dolgorukiy , also known as George I of Rus, was the founder of Moscow and a key figure in the transition of political power from Kiev to Vladimir-Suzdal following the death of his elder brother Mstislav the Great... - Mikhail of VladimirMikhail of VladimirMikhalko Yuryevich , Prince of Torchesk , Vladimir and Suzdal and Grand Prince of Kiev ....
(1174–1176), son of Yuri DolgorukiYuri DolgorukiPrince Yuri I Dolgorukiy , also known as George I of Rus, was the founder of Moscow and a key figure in the transition of political power from Kiev to Vladimir-Suzdal following the death of his elder brother Mstislav the Great... - Vsevolod the Big Nest (1176–1212), eleventh son of Yuri Dolgoruky
- Yuri II of Vladimir (1212–1216), third son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- Konstantin of RostovKonstantin of RostovKonstantin Vsevolodovich was the eldest son of Vsevolod the Big Nest and Maria Shvarnovna.In 1206 and 1207, he was the prince of Novgorod. In 1207, his father sent him to rule the towns of Rostov and Yaroslavl...
(1216–1218), the eldest son of Vsevolod the Big Nest - Yuri II of Vladimir (1218–1238), restored
- Yaroslav II of VladimirYaroslav II of VladimirYaroslav II , Christian name Theodor was the Grand Prince of Vladimir who helped to restore his country and capital after the Mongol invasion of Russia.-Prince of Pereyaslav:...
(1239–1246), fourth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest - Sviatoslav III of Vladimir (1246–1248), sixth son of Vsevolod the Big Nest
- Mikhail KhorobritMikhail KhorobritMikhail Iaroslavich Khorobrit was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir in 1248. He was a younger brother of Aleksandr Nevsky and he and his son, Boris, are sometimes said to have been princes of Moscow before Daniil Aleksandrovich, although this is not always accepted...
(1248), fourth son of Yaroslav II - Andrey II of Vladimir (1248–1252), third son of Yaroslav II
- Alexander NevskyAlexander NevskyAlexander Nevsky was the Prince of Novgorod and Grand Prince of Vladimir during some of the most trying times in the city's history. Commonly regarded as the key figure of medieval Rus, Alexander was the grandson of Vsevolod the Big Nest and rose to legendary status on account of his military...
(1252–1263), second son of Yaroslav II - Yaroslav of Tver (1264–1271), sixth son of Yaroslav II
- Vasily of KostromaVasily of KostromaVasily Yaroslavich was a Grand Duke of Vladimir. The youngest son of Yaroslav II, he was given Kostroma by his uncle Svyatoslav III in 1246. As the eldest surviving grandson of Vsevolod III, he succeeded to Vladimir in 1272 and to Novgorod the following year. He was one of the first princes who...
(1272–1277), the youngest son of Yaroslav II - Dmitry of PereslavlDmitry of PereslavlDmitry Alexandrovich was Grand Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal from 1276 until 1281 and then from 1283 until 1293.Dmitry was the second son of Alexander Nevsky. When his elder brother Vasily died young, Dmitry remained the chief heir to his illustrious father. As early as 1259, he was left by Alexander...
(1277–1294), second son of Alexander Nevsky - Andrey of GorodetsAndrey of GorodetsAndrey III Alexandrovich was a Russian prince, son of Alexander Nevsky, who received from his father the town of Gorodets on the Volga. In 1276, he added Kostroma to his possessions and joined the struggle for Grand Duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal.In 1281 Andrey, joining the Mongol army, expelled his...
(1294–1304), son of Alexander Nevsky - Michael of TverMikhail YaroslavichMikhail Yaroslavich , also known as Michael of Tver or Michael the Saint, was a Prince of Tver who ruled as Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1304 until 1314 and again from 1315-1318...
(1304–1318), second son of Yaroslav of Tver - Yuri of Moscow (1318–1322), the eldest son of Daniel of MoscowDaniel of MoscowDaniil Aleksandrovich was the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky and forefather of all the Grand Princes of Moscow....
- Dmitry of Tver (Dmitry the Terrible Eyes) (1322–1326)
- Alexander of Tver (1326–1327)
- Ivan I of MoscowIvan I of RussiaIvan I Danilovich Kalita was Prince of Moscow from 1325 and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1328.-Biography:Ivan was the son of Prince of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich....
(Ivan the Moneybag) (1328–1341) - Simeon of MoscowSimeon of RussiaSimeon Ivanovich Gordyi was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir. Simeon continued his father's policies of supporting the Golden Horde and acting as its leading enforcer in Russia. Simeon's rule was marked by regular military and political standoffs against Novgorod Republic and...
(Simeon the Proud) (1 hour) - Ivan II of MoscowIvan II of RussiaIvan II Ivanovich the Fair was the Grand Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir in 1353. Until that date, he had ruled the towns of Ruza and Zvenigorod...
(Ivan the Fair) (1353–1359) - Dmitry of SuzdalDmitry of SuzdalDmitri Konstantinovich of Suzdal was a powerful Prince of Suzdal and Nizhny Novgorod who dominated Russian politics during the minority of his son-in-law, Dmitri Donskoi...
(1359–1362) - Dmitry Donskoy (1363–1389)
Grand Princes of TverTverTver is a city and the administrative center of Tver Oblast, Russia. Population: 403,726 ; 408,903 ;...
(1246–1485)
- Yaroslav of Tver, 1246–1271
- Sviatoslav of Tver, 1271–1285
- Michael the Saint, 1285–1318
- Dmitry the Terrible Eyes, 1318–1326
- Alexander I of Tver, 1326–1328
- Konstantin of Tver, 1328–1338
- Alexander I of Tver, (2nd time) 1338–1339
- Konstantin of Tver, (2nd time) 1339–1346
- Vsevolod of Tver, 1346–1349
- Vasily of Kashin, 1349–1368
- Mikhail II of TverMikhail II of TverMikhail Alexandrovich was Grand Prince of Tver and briefly held the title of Grand Prince of Vladimir. He was one of only two Tver princes after 1317 to hold the grand princely title, which was almost the exclusive purview of the Muscovite princes.Mikhail Alexandrovich was the third son of...
, 1368–1399 - Ivan of Tver, 1399–1425
- Alexander II of Tver, 1425
- Yury of Tver, 1425
- Boris the GreatBoris of TverBoris of Tver or Boris the Great was a prince of Tver.Boris, the son of Alexander II of Tver, was Grand Prince of Tver from April 22 1426 to his death...
, 1425–1461 - Mikhail III the ExileMikhail III of TverMikhail III of Tver or Michael the Exile was the last prince of Tver.Mikhail was the son of Boris of Tver and Anastasia of Suzdal . He was Grand Prince of Tver from February 10 1461 to 1485...
, 1461–1485
Grand Princes of MoscowMoscowMoscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
(1283–1547)
- Honour monopolized by rulers of Moscow principalityGrand Duchy of MoscowThe Grand Duchy of Moscow or Grand Principality of Moscow, also known in English simply as Muscovy , was a late medieval Rus' principality centered on Moscow, and the predecessor state of the early modern Tsardom of Russia....
, but see also Grand Prince (of Lithuania)
Rurik DynastyRurik DynastyThe Rurik dynasty or Rurikids was a dynasty founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who established himself in Novgorod around the year 862 AD...
| Monarch | Portrait | Birth | Marriage(s) | Became prince | Died (ceased to be prince) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daniel Daniel of Moscow Daniil Aleksandrovich was the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky and forefather of all the Grand Princes of Moscow.... |
1261 son of Alexander Nevsky Alexander Nevsky Alexander Nevsky was the Prince of Novgorod and Grand Prince of Vladimir during some of the most trying times in the city's history. Commonly regarded as the key figure of medieval Rus, Alexander was the grandson of Vsevolod the Big Nest and rose to legendary status on account of his military... |
Maria 6 children |
1283 | 4 March 1303 | |
| Yuriy Yury of Moscow Yuriy Danilovich, also known as Georgiy Danilovich was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir .... |
 |
1281 son of Prince Daniel and Maria |
Konchaka (sister of Uzbeg Khan Uzbeg Khan Sultan Mohammed Öz-Beg, better known as Uzbeg or Ozbeg , was the longest-reigning khan of the Golden Horde, under whose rule the state reached its zenith... ) no children |
4 March 1303 | 21 November 1325 |
| Ivan I Kalita (the Moneybag) |  |
1288 son of Prince Daniel and Maria |
Helena 9 children |
21 November 1325 | 31 March 1340 |
| Simeon the Proud | 7 November 1316 son of Prince Ivan I and Helena |
Anastasia of Lithuania no children Euphraxia of Smolensk no children Maria of Tver 4 sons (died young) |
31 March 1340 | 27 April 1353 | |
| Ivan II | 30 March 1326 son of Prince Ivan I and Helena |
Fedosia Dmitrievna of Bryansk no children Alexandra Ivanovna Velyaminova 4 children |
27 April 1353 | 13 November 1359 | |
| Dmitry I of the Don |  |
12 October 1350 son of Prince Ivan II and Alexandra Ivanovna |
Eudoxia Dmitrievna of Nizhny Novgorod Eudoxia of Moscow Eudoxia Dmitriyevna —monastic name, Euphrosyne— was a Grand Duchess of Muscovy and wife of Dmitry Donskoy.-Family:Eudoxia Dmitriyevna was a daughter of Dmitry Konstantinovich, Grand Prince of Nizhny Novgorod and Vasilisa of Rostov.... 12 children |
13 November 1359 | 19 May 1389 |
| Vasiliy I | 30 December 1371 son of Prince Dmitry I and Eudoxia Dmitrievna |
Sophia of Lithuania Sophia of Lithuania Sophia was the only daughter of Vytautas the Great of Lithuania and his first wife Anna. On January 21, 1391, while her father was engaged in the Lithuanian Civil War, she married Vasili I of Russia. She was the longest serving consort of Russia.After his death in 1425 she became regent for their... 9 children |
19 May 1389 | 27 February 1425 | |
| Vasiliy II Tyomniy (the Blind) |  |
10 March 1415 son of Prince Vasiliy I and Sophia of Lithuania |
Maria Yaroslavna of Borovsk 3 children |
27 February 1425 | 27 March 1462 |
| Ivan III Ivan III of Russia Ivan III Vasilyevich , also known as Ivan the Great, was a Grand Prince of Moscow and "Grand Prince of all Rus"... the Great |
 |
22 January 1440 son of Prince Vasiliy II and Maria Yaroslavna |
Maria Borisovna of Tver Maria of Tver Maria Borisovna of Tver was the first wife of Grand Prince Ivan III and daughter of Boris Alexandrovich of Tver.... one son Ivan the Young Ivan Ivanovich was the eldest son and heir of Ivan III from his first marriage to Maria of Tver.Ivan's father empowered him to deal with most administrative and military affairs of the state in order to make ordinary... Sophia Palaiologina 8 children |
5 April 1462 | 6 November 1505 |
| Vasiliy III Vasili III of Russia Vasili III Ivanovich was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533. He was the son of Ivan III Vasiliyevich and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil... |
25 March 1479 son of Prince Ivan III and Sophie Palaiologina |
Solomonia Yuryevna Saburova Solomonia Saburova Saint Solomonia Yuryevna Saburova was the first wife of Grand Prince Vasili III of Muscovy. She was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church as Saint Sofia of Suzdal.... no children Elana Vasilyevna Glinskaya Elena Glinskaya Elena Vasilyevna Glinskaya April 1538, Moscow) was the second wife of Grand Prince Vasili III and regent of Russia for 5 years .- Background :... 2 sons |
6 November 1505 | 13 December 1533 | |
| Ivan IV Ivan IV of Russia Ivan IV Vasilyevich , known in English as Ivan the Terrible , was Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 until his death. His long reign saw the conquest of the Khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan, and Siberia, transforming Russia into a multiethnic and multiconfessional state spanning almost one billion acres,... the Terrible |
25 August 1530 son of Prince Vasili III and Elena Glinskaya |
unmarried as Prince | 13 December 1533 | 28 March 1584 (title of Grand Prince replaced by Tsar on 26 January 1547) |
Rurik DynastyRurik DynastyThe Rurik dynasty or Rurikids was a dynasty founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who established himself in Novgorod around the year 862 AD...
| Monarch | Portrait | Born | Marriage(s) | Became tsar | Died (ceased to be tsar) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ivan IV Ivan IV of Russia Ivan IV Vasilyevich , known in English as Ivan the Terrible , was Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 until his death. His long reign saw the conquest of the Khanates of Kazan, Astrakhan, and Siberia, transforming Russia into a multiethnic and multiconfessional state spanning almost one billion acres,... the Terrible |
25 August 1530 son of Prince Vasili III and Elena Glinskaya |
Anastasia Romanovna Zakharyina-Yurieva Anastasia Romanovna Anastasia Romanovna Zakharyina-Yurieva was the first wife of the Russian Tsar Ivan the Terrible and the first Russian tsarina... 6 children Maria Temryukovna one son (died young) Marfa Vasilevna Sobakina Anna Alexeievna Koltovskaya Anna Vasilchikova Vasilisa Melentyeva Maria Dolgorukaya Maria Feodorovna Nagaya Maria Nagaya Maria Feodorovna Nagaya was a Russian tsarina and eighth wife of Ivan the Terrible.Maria married Ivan IV in 1581 and a year later gave birth to their son Dmitry. After the Tsar's death in 1584, Nagaya, her son and her brothers were sent into exile to Uglich by Boris Godunov, where she lived... one son |
26 January 1547 | 28 March 1584 | |
| Feodor I Feodor I of Russia Fyodor I Ivanovich 1598) was the last Rurikid Tsar of Russia , son of Ivan IV and Anastasia Romanovna. In English he is sometimes called Feodor the Bellringer in consequence of his strong faith and inclination to travel the land and ring the bells at churches. However, in Russian the name... |
31 May 1557 | Irina Feodorovna Godunova Irina Godunova Irina Feodorovna Godunova later Alexandra was the wife of Tsar Feodor I Ivanovich and the sister of Tsar Boris Godunov Irina Feodorovna Godunova later Alexandra (1557–1603) was the wife of Tsar Feodor I Ivanovich (r. 1584–1598) and the sister of Tsar Boris Godunov Irina Feodorovna Godunova... one daughter Tsarevna Feodosia Fedorovna Feodosia was the only daughter of Feodor I of Russia and Tsarina Irina Godunova.Theodosia was born May 29, 1592. This is written about in the "New Chronicle":... (died young) |
28 March 1584 | 17 January 1598 |
Time of TroublesTime of TroublesThe Time of Troubles was a period of Russian history comprising the years of interregnum between the death of the last Russian Tsar of the Rurik Dynasty, Feodor Ivanovich, in 1598, and the establishment of the Romanov Dynasty in 1613. In 1601-1603, Russia suffered a famine that killed one-third...
(1598–1613)
- Dates are listed in the Old StyleOld Style and New Style datesOld Style and New Style are used in English language historical studies either to indicate that the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January even though documents written at the time use a different start of year ; or to indicate that a date conforms to the Julian...
, which continued to be used in Russia.Monarch Portrait Family Born Marriage Became tsar Ceased to be tsar Died Boris Godunov Boris GodunovBoris Fyodorovich Godunov was de facto regent of Russia from c. 1585 to 1598 and then the first non-Rurikid tsar from 1598 to 1605. The end of his reign saw Russia descend into the Time of Troubles.-Early years:...Godunov Boris GodunovBoris Fyodorovich Godunov was de facto regent of Russia from c. 1585 to 1598 and then the first non-Rurikid tsar from 1598 to 1605. The end of his reign saw Russia descend into the Time of Troubles.-Early years:...
c.1551
son of Feodor Ivanovich Godunov and StepanidaMaria Grigorievna Skuratova-Belskaya Maria Grigorievna Skuratova-BelskayaMaria Grigorievna Skuratova-Belskaya , was a Tsaritsa of Russia as the spouse of Tsar Boris Godunov.In 1570/1571, Godunov strengthened his position at court by his marriage to her as she was the daughter of Tsar Ivan the Terrible's favorite Malyuta Skuratov-Belskiy.She was the mother of Tsar Feodor...
2 children21 February 1598 13 April 1605 Feodor II Feodor II of RussiaFyodor II Borisovich Godunov of Russia was a tsar of Russia during the Time of Troubles. He was born in Moscow, the son and successor to Boris Godunov...
Godunov 1589
son of Tsar Boris and Maria Grigorievnaunmarried 13 April 1605 1 June 1605 Dmitry II
known as
False Dmitry I
usurper (claimed to be of the Rurik dynasty Rurik DynastyThe Rurik dynasty or Rurikids was a dynasty founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who established himself in Novgorod around the year 862 AD...
)c. 1581 Marina Mniszech Marina MniszechMarina Mniszech Marina Mniszech Marina Mniszech (Polish: Maryna Mniszchówna or Maryna Mniszech; Russian: Марина Мнишек (Marina Mnishek); also known as "Marinka the witch" in Russian folklore; c...
no children1 June 1605 17 May 1606 27 May 1606 Vasiliy IV Vasili IV of RussiaVasili IV of Russia was Tsar of Russia between 1606 and 1610 after the murder of False Dmitriy I. His reign fell during the Time of Troubles....
Shuysky (a branch of the Rurik dynasty) 22 September 1552 unmarried 19 May 1606 27 July 1610 12 September 1612 Dmitry III
known as
False Dmitry IIFalse Dmitry IIFalse Dmitry II , also called the rebel of Tushino, was the second of three pretenders to the Russian throne who claimed to be Tsarevich Dmitry Ivanovich of Russia, the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible...
usurper (claimed to be of the Rurik dynasty) c. 1582 Marina Mniszech Marina MniszechMarina Mniszech Marina Mniszech Marina Mniszech (Polish: Maryna Mniszchówna or Maryna Mniszech; Russian: Марина Мнишек (Marina Mnishek); also known as "Marinka the witch" in Russian folklore; c...
one son (posthumous)10 July 1607 11 December 1610 21 December 1610 Dmitry IV
known as
False Dmitry IIIFalse Dmitry IIIFalse Dmitry III, also called Pseudo-Demetrius III , was the last and most enigmatic of three pretenders to the Russian throne who claimed to be the youngest son of Ivan the Terrible, Tsarevich Dmitry....
usurper (claimed to be of the Rurik dynasty) unknown unknown 28 March 1611 18 May 1612 c. 1612
Council of Seven Boyars (27 July 1610 – 4 November 1612)
The Seven BoyarsSeven Boyars
The Seven Boyars were a group of Russian nobles who deposed Tsar Vasily Shuisky on 17 July 1610 and, later that year, invited the Poles into Moscow....
(the Boyar Duma), a group of the highest Russian nobles, deposed the tsar Vasily IV on , and recognized the Polish prince Władysław IV Vasa
Władysław IV Vasa
Władysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648....
as the new tsar on . The Poles entered Moscow on :
- Prince Fedor Puto Ivanovich Mstislavsky (the leader of the group)
- Prince Andrey Vasilyevich Troubetskoy
- Prince Boris Mikhailovich Lykov-Obolensky
- Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Vorotynsky (to March 1611)
- Prince Vasily Vasilyevich GolitsynGalitzineFor Orthodox clergyman and theologian, see Alexander Golitzin.The Galitzines are one of the largest and noblest princely houses of Russia. Since the extinction of the Korecki family in the 17th century, the Golitsyns have claimed dynastic seniority in the House of Gediminas...
(to 8 April 1611) - Boyar Ivan Nikitich RomanovIvan RomanovIvan Nikitich Romanov, Russian Иван Никитич Романов was a son of Nikita Romanovich Zakharyin from his second wife, a junior half-brother of Feodor Nikitich Romanov and an uncle of the first Tsar from the Romanov dynasty, Mikhail Fedorovich.- Life :In the election campaign of 1613 he was named one...
- Boyar Fedor Ivanovich SheremetevFedor SheremetevFedor Ivanovich Sheremetev was a Russian statesman in Tsar Mikhail's times, head of government in 1613-18 and 1642-46....
Later, the members of the council were also:
- Mikhail Fedorovich Nagoy (from March 1611)
- Ivan Semenovich Kurakin (from 8 April 1611)
The Deeds of the Seven Boyars had existed until the Poles were driven from Moscow on .
House of VasaHouse of VasaThe House of Vasa was the Royal House of Sweden 1523-1654 and of Poland 1587-1668. It originated from a noble family in Uppland of which several members had high offices during the 15th century....
| Monarch | Portrait | Born | Marriage | Became tsar | Ceased to be tsar | Died |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vladislaus Władysław IV Vasa Władysław IV Vasa was a Polish and Swedish prince from the House of Vasa. He reigned as King of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 8 November 1632 to his death in 1648.... |
 |
9 June 1595, Łobzów, near Kraków Kraków Kraków also Krakow, or Cracow , is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland. Situated on the Vistula River in the Lesser Poland region, the city dates back to the 7th century. Kraków has traditionally been one of the leading centres of Polish academic, cultural, and artistic life... , Poland Poland Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north... |
Cecilia Renata of Austria Cecilia Renata of Austria Archduchess Cecilia Renata of Austria was Queen of Poland as consort to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's King Władysław IV Vasa.-Biography:... no children Marie Louise Gonzaga no children |
6 September 1610. However, the official condition for Vladislaus to ascend the Russian throne was his conversion to Russian Orthodoxy Russian Orthodox Church The Russian Orthodox Church or, alternatively, the Moscow Patriarchate The ROC is often said to be the largest of the Eastern Orthodox churches in the world; including all the autocephalous churches under its umbrella, its adherents number over 150 million worldwide—about half of the 300 million... which was never fulfilled. Vladislaus neither came to Moscow, nor has he ever been crowned as the Russian Tsar |
4 November 1612 (deposed) 14 June 1634 (resigned his claim) |
20 May 1648 Merkinė Merkine Merkinė is a town in Dzūkija National Park in Lithuania, located at the confluence of the Merkys and Neman Rivers.First mentioned in 1359, Merkinė is one of the oldest Lithuanian settlements. It received the Magdeburg rights in 1569. The town is the location of The Mount of Queen Bona, a mound... , Lithuania Lithuania Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark... |
Council of All the Land (17 April 1611 – 26 July 1613)
(In opposition to the Poles and Władysław IV Vasa):- Prince Dmitry Mikhailovich PozharskyDmitry PozharskyFor the ship of the same name, see Sverdlov class cruiserDmitry Mikhaylovich Pozharsky was a Rurikid prince, who led Russia's struggle for independence against Polish-Lithuanian invasion known as the Time of Troubles...
- Prince Dmitry Timofeyevich TroubetskoyDmitry TroubetskoyDmitry Timofeyevich Troubetzkoy , Prince, was the claimant to the Russian throne 1612, governor of Siberia, "duke of Shenkursk"....
- Prokopy Petrovich LyapunovProkopy LyapunovProkopy Petrovich Lyapunov was a Russian statesman of Rurikid stock, who helped deliver Moscow from Polish interventionists.After the death of Boris Godunov, Prokopy and his brother Zakhary Lyapunov sided with False Dmitriy I. In early 1606, he took part in the Bolotnikov Uprising on the side of...
(to 1 August 1611) - AtamanAtamanAtaman was a commander title of the Ukrainian People's Army, Cossack, and haidamak leaders, who were in essence the Cossacks...
Ivan Martynovich ZarutskyIvan ZarutskyIvan Martynovich Zarutsky was a Cossack leader in Russia in the early 17th century.In 1606–1607, ataman Zarutsky and his men took part in the Bolotnikov Uprising. After Ivan Bolotnikov's defeat on the outskirts of Moscow, Zarutsky went to Poland to take the side of "tsar Dmitry" and Polish king...
(to 7 August 1612)
House of Romanov
| Monarch | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Tsar from | Tsar until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Michael I |  |
12 July 1596 Moscow son of Feodor Nikitich Romanov Patriarch Filaret (Feodor Romanov) Feodor Nikitich Romanov was a Russian boyar who after temporary disgrace rose to become patriarch of Moscow as Filaret , and became de-facto ruler of Russia during the reign of his son, Mikhail Feodorovich.- Life :... and Kseniya Ioannovna Shestova |
Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova Maria Dolgorukova Maria Vladimirovna Dolgorukova was the first wife of Tsar Michael I of Russia.... 1624 one stillborn child Eudoxia Lukyanovna Streshneva Eudoxia Streshneva Eudoxia Streshnyova was the second wife of Tsar Mikhail. She was a daughter of a nobleman Lukyan Stepanovich Streshnyov from Mozhaysk, who died in 1630, and his wife Anna Konstantinovna Volkonskaya.- Biography :... 5 February 1626 ten children |
26 July 1613 | 14 July 1645 | 14 July 1645 Moscow aged 49 |
| Alexis I Alexis I of Russia Aleksey Mikhailovich Romanov was the Tsar of Russia during some of the most eventful decades of the mid-17th century... |
 |
9 May 1629 Moscow son of Tsar Michael I and Eudoxia Lukyanova Streshneva Eudoxia Streshneva Eudoxia Streshnyova was the second wife of Tsar Mikhail. She was a daughter of a nobleman Lukyan Stepanovich Streshnyov from Mozhaysk, who died in 1630, and his wife Anna Konstantinovna Volkonskaya.- Biography :... |
Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya Maria Miloslavskaya Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya was the first wife of tsar Alexis of Russia and mother of the tsars Feodor III of Russia and Ivan V of Russia, as well as regent princess Sophia Alekseyevna.-Biography:... 17 January 1648 13 children Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina Natalia Naryshkina Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of Russia from 1671 to 1676 as the second spouse of tsar Alexei I of Russia.-Biography:Coming from a petty noble family, daughter of Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin and wife Anna Leontyevna Leontyeva Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of... 1 February 1671 3 children |
14 July 1645 | 29 January 1676 | 29 January 1676 Moscow aged 46 |
| Feodor III Feodor III of Russia Feodor III Alexeevich of Russia was the Tsar of all Russia between 1676 and 1682.... |
 |
9 June 1661 Moscow son of Tsar Alexis I and Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya Maria Miloslavskaya Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya was the first wife of tsar Alexis of Russia and mother of the tsars Feodor III of Russia and Ivan V of Russia, as well as regent princess Sophia Alekseyevna.-Biography:... |
Agaphia Simeonovna Grushevskaya 28 July 1680 one son Marfa Matveievna Apraksina 24 February 1682 no children |
29 January 1676 | 7 May 1682 | 7 May 1682 Moscow aged 20 |
| Ivan V Ivan V of Russia Ivan V Alekseyevich Romanov was a joint Tsar of Russia who co-reigned between 1682 and 1696. He was the youngest son of Alexis I of Russia and Maria Miloslavskaya. His reign was only formal, since he had serious physical and mental disabilities... jointly with Peter I |
6 September 1666 Moscow son of Tsar Alexis I and Maria Ilyinichina Miloslavskaya Maria Miloslavskaya Maria Ilyinichna Miloslavskaya was the first wife of tsar Alexis of Russia and mother of the tsars Feodor III of Russia and Ivan V of Russia, as well as regent princess Sophia Alekseyevna.-Biography:... |
Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova Praskovia Saltykova Praskovia Fyodorovna Saltykova was the tsaritsa of Russia as the only wife of Ivan V of Russia. She was the mother of Empress Anna of Russia... 1684 5 daughters |
2 June 1682 | 8 February 1696 | 8 February 1696 aged 29 |
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| Peter I Peter I of Russia Peter the Great, Peter I or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are Old Style. All other dates in this article are New Style. ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his half-brother, Ivan V... the Great jointly with Ivan V 1682–1696 |
9 June 1672 Moscow son of Tsar Alexis I and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina Natalia Naryshkina Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of Russia from 1671 to 1676 as the second spouse of tsar Alexei I of Russia.-Biography:Coming from a petty noble family, daughter of Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin and wife Anna Leontyevna Leontyeva Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of... |
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina Eudoxia Lopukhina Tsarina Evdokiya Feodorovna Lopukhina was the first wife of Peter I of Russia. They married in 1689 but divorced in 1698... 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska Catherine I of Russia Catherine I , the second wife of Peter the Great, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1725 until her death.-Life as a peasant woman:The life of Catherine I was said by Voltaire to be nearly as extraordinary as that of Peter the Great himself. There are no documents that confirm her origins. Born on... 1707 9 children |
7 May 1682 | 2 November 1721 | 8 February 1725 aged 52 |
Emperors of Russia (1721–1917)
(Also Grand Princes of Finland from 1809 until 1917; and Kings of Poland from 1815 until 1916)The monarchs listed below reigned with absolute power until 1905, and then with executive and administrative powers from 1905–1917.
House of Romanov
| Monarch | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Emperor from | Emperor until | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peter I Peter I of Russia Peter the Great, Peter I or Pyotr Alexeyevich Romanov Dates indicated by the letters "O.S." are Old Style. All other dates in this article are New Style. ruled the Tsardom of Russia and later the Russian Empire from until his death, jointly ruling before 1696 with his half-brother, Ivan V... the Great, Father of the Fatherland |
9 June 1672 Moscow son of Tsar Alexei and Natalia Kirillovna Naryshkina Natalia Naryshkina Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of Russia from 1671 to 1676 as the second spouse of tsar Alexei I of Russia.-Biography:Coming from a petty noble family, daughter of Kirill Poluektovich Naryshkin and wife Anna Leontyevna Leontyeva Natalya Kirillovna Naryshkina was the Tsaritsa of... |
Eudoxia Feodorovna Lopukhina Eudoxia Lopukhina Tsarina Evdokiya Feodorovna Lopukhina was the first wife of Peter I of Russia. They married in 1689 but divorced in 1698... 1689 3 children Marta Helena Skowrońska Catherine I of Russia Catherine I , the second wife of Peter the Great, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1725 until her death.-Life as a peasant woman:The life of Catherine I was said by Voltaire to be nearly as extraordinary as that of Peter the Great himself. There are no documents that confirm her origins. Born on... 1707 9 children |
1682 | 8 February 1725 | 8 February 1725 aged 52 |
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| Catherine I Catherine I of Russia Catherine I , the second wife of Peter the Great, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1725 until her death.-Life as a peasant woman:The life of Catherine I was said by Voltaire to be nearly as extraordinary as that of Peter the Great himself. There are no documents that confirm her origins. Born on... |
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15 April 1684 Ringen (Rõngu) Rõngu Parish -Settlements:Small boroughs:Käärdi - RõnguVillages:Kalme - Käo - Kirepi - Kõduküla - Koruste - Lapetukme - Lossimäe - Piigandi - Raigaste - Rannaküla - Tammiste - Teedla - Tilga - Uderna - Valguta-External links:... , Duchy of Livonia Swedish Livonia - Swedish infantry and cavalry regiments:Infantry regiments:* Garnisonsregementet i Riga * Guvenörsregementet i Riga * Livländsk infanteribataljon I... daughter of Samuel Skowroński and Elisabeth Moritz |
Peter I of Russia 1707 9 children |
8 February 1725 | 17 May 1727 | 17 May 1727 Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg is a city and a federal subject of Russia located on the Neva River at the head of the Gulf of Finland on the Baltic Sea... aged 43 |
| Peter II Peter II of Russia Pyotr II Alekseyevich was Emperor of Russia from 1727 until his death. He was the only son of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, son of Peter I of Russia by his first wife Eudoxia Lopukhina, and Princess Charlotte, daughter of Duke Louis Rudolph of Brunswick-Lüneburg and sister-in-law of Charles VI,... |
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23 October 1715 Saint Petersburg son of Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich of Russia Alexei Petrovich Romanov , was a Russian Tsarevich. He was born in Moscow, the son of Tsar Peter I and his first wife Eudoxia Lopukhina.-Childhood:... and Princess Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |
unmarried | 18 May 1727 | 30 January 1730 | 30 January 1730 Moscow aged 14 |
| Anna Anna of Russia Anna of Russia or Anna Ivanovna reigned as Duchess of Courland from 1711 to 1730 and as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740.-Accession to the throne:Anna was the daughter of Ivan V of Russia, as well as the niece of Peter the Great... |
7 February 1693 Moscow daughter of Tsar Ivan V Ivan V of Russia Ivan V Alekseyevich Romanov was a joint Tsar of Russia who co-reigned between 1682 and 1696. He was the youngest son of Alexis I of Russia and Maria Miloslavskaya. His reign was only formal, since he had serious physical and mental disabilities... and Praskovia Feodorovna Saltykova Praskovia Saltykova Praskovia Fyodorovna Saltykova was the tsaritsa of Russia as the only wife of Ivan V of Russia. She was the mother of Empress Anna of Russia... |
Frederick Wilhelm, Duke of Courland Frederick Wilhelm, Duke of Courland Frederick William was Duke of Courland and Semigallia from 1698 to 1711. Frederick Wilhelm was the son of Frederick Casimir Kettler and Elisabeth Sophie of Brandenburg... November 1710 no children |
13 February 1730 | 28 October 1740 | 28 October 1740 aged 47 |
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| Ivan VI Ivan VI of Russia Ivan VI Antonovich of Russia , was proclaimed Emperor of Russia in 1740, as an infant, although he never actually reigned. Within less than a year, he was overthrown by the Empress Elizabeth of Russia, Peter the Great's daughter... |
23 August 1740 Saint Petersburg son of Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick Duke Anthony Ulrich of Brunswick Anthony Ulrich , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, was generalissimus of the Army of Russia, and husband to Anna Leopoldovna, who was regent of Russia for one year.- Biography :... and Grand Duchess Anna Leopoldovna of Russia |
unmarried | 28 October 1740 | 6 December 1741 | 16 July 1764 Shlisselburg Shlisselburg Shlisselburg is a town in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated at the head of the Neva River on Lake Ladoga, east of St. Petersburg. From 1944 to 1992, it was known as Petrokrepost... (murdered) aged 23 |
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| Elizabeth | 29 December 1709 Kolomenskoye Kolomenskoye Kolomenskoye is a former royal estate situated several kilometers to the south-east of the city-centre of Moscow, Russia, on the ancient road leading to the town of Kolomna... daughter of Emperor Peter I and Empress Catherine I |
Alexey Razumovsky Alexey Razumovsky Count Alexei Grigorievich Razumovsky , was a Ukrainian Cossack who rose to become lover and, the morganatic spouse of the Russian Empress Elizaveta Petrovna.- Early life :... 1742 no children |
6 December 1741 | 5 January 1762 | 5 January 1762 aged 52 |
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| Peter III Peter III of Russia Peter III was Emperor of Russia for six months in 1762. He was very pro-Prussian, which made him an unpopular leader. He was supposedly assassinated as a result of a conspiracy led by his wife, who succeeded him to the throne as Catherine II.-Early life and character:Peter was born in Kiel, in... |
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21 February 1728 Kiel Kiel Kiel is the capital and most populous city in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein, with a population of 238,049 .Kiel is approximately north of Hamburg. Due to its geographic location in the north of Germany, the southeast of the Jutland peninsula, and the southwestern shore of the... , Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig... son of Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Duke Charles Frederick of Holstein-Gottorp was the son of Frederick IV of Holstein-Gottorp and his wife, Hedvig Sophia, daughter of King Charles XI of Sweden... and Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna |
Princess Sophie Friederike Auguste of Anhalt-Zerbst Catherine II of Russia Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia on as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg... 16 August 1745 one son |
5 January 1762 | 9 July 1762 | 17 July 1762 (murdered) Ropsha Ropsha Ropsha is a settlement in Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated about 20 km south of Peterhof and 49 km south-west of central Saint Petersburg, at an elevation of 80 metres to 130 metres above sea level.-History:... aged 34 |
| Catherine II Catherine II of Russia Catherine II, also known as Catherine the Great , Empress of Russia, was born in Stettin, Pomerania, Prussia on as Sophie Friederike Auguste von Anhalt-Zerbst-Dornburg... the Great, the Wise, Mother of the Fatherland |
2 May 1729 Stettin Szczecin Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427.... , Kingdom of Prussia Kingdom of Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia was a German kingdom from 1701 to 1918. Until the defeat of Germany in World War I, it comprised almost two-thirds of the area of the German Empire... , Holy Roman Empire Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a realm that existed from 962 to 1806 in Central Europe.It was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor. Its character changed during the Middle Ages and the Early Modern period, when the power of the emperor gradually weakened in favour of the princes... daughter of Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst was a German prince of the House of Ascania. He was a ruler of the Principality of Anhalt-Dornburg, then, from 1742, a ruler of the entire Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst... and Princess Johanna Elisabeth of Holstein-Gottorp |
Peter III of Russia 16 August 1745 one son |
9 July 1762 | 6 November 1796 | 6 November 1796 Saint Petersburg aged 67 |
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| Paul I Paul I of Russia Paul I was the Emperor of Russia between 1796 and 1801. He also was the 72nd Prince and Grand Master of the Order of Malta .-Childhood:... |
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1 October 1754 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Peter III and Empress Catherine II |
Princess Wilhelmina Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt Natalia Alexeievna of Russia The Grand Duchess Natalia Alexeievna of Russia was the first wife of the future Tsar Paul I of Russia, the only son of the Empress Catherine II... 29 September 1773 one stillborn daughter Princess Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg 26 September 1776 ten children |
17 November 1796 | 11 March 1801 | 11 March 1801 (assassinated) Saint Michael's Castle Saint Michael's Castle St. Michael's Castle , also called the Mikhailovsky Castle or the Engineers Castle , is a former royal residence in the historic centre of Saint Petersburg, Russia. St. Michael's Castle was built as a residence for Emperor Paul I by architects Vincenzo Brenna and Vasili Bazhenov in 1797-1801... , Saint Petersburg aged 46 |
| Alexander I Alexander I of Russia Alexander I of Russia , served as Emperor of Russia from 23 March 1801 to 1 December 1825 and the first Russian King of Poland from 1815 to 1825. He was also the first Russian Grand Duke of Finland and Lithuania.... the Blessed |
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23 December 1777 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg) |
Princess Louise of Baden 28 September 1793 2 daughters |
24 March 1801 | 1 December 1825 | 1 December 1825 Taganrog Taganrog Taganrog is a seaport city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the north shore of Taganrog Bay , several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River. Population: -History of Taganrog:... aged 47 |
| Constantine I Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia Constantine Pavlovich was a grand duke of Russia and the second son of Emperor Paul I. He was the Tsesarevich of Russia throughout the reign of his elder brother Alexander I, but had secretly renounced his claim to the throne in 1823... (disputed) |
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27 April 1779 Tsarskoye Selo Tsarskoye Selo Tsarskoye Selo is the town containing a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting nobility, located south from the center of St. Petersburg. It is now part of the town of Pushkin and of the World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments.-History:In... son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg) |
Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld 26 February no children |
1 December 1825 | 26 December 1825 | 27 June 1831 Vitebsk Vitebsk Vitebsk, also known as Viciebsk or Vitsyebsk , is a city in Belarus, near the border with Russia. The capital of the Vitebsk Oblast, in 2004 it had 342,381 inhabitants, making it the country's fourth largest city... aged 52 |
| Nicholas I Nicholas I of Russia Nicholas I , was the Emperor of Russia from 1825 until 1855, known as one of the most reactionary of the Russian monarchs. On the eve of his death, the Russian Empire reached its historical zenith spanning over 20 million square kilometers... the Unforgettable |
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6 July 1796 Gatchina Gatchina Gatchina is a town and the administrative center of Gatchinsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located south of St. Petersburg by the road leading to Pskov... son of Emperor Paul I and Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg) |
Princess Charlotte of Prussia 13 July 1817 7 children |
26 December 1825 | 2 March 1855 | 2 March 1855 Saint Petersburg aged 58 |
| Alexander II Alexander II of Russia Alexander II , also known as Alexander the Liberator was the Emperor of the Russian Empire from 3 March 1855 until his assassination in 1881... the Liberator |
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29 April 1818 Moscow son of Emperor Nicholas I and Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia) |
Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine 16 April 1841 8 children |
2 March 1855 | 13 March 1881 | 13 March 1881 (assassinated) Saint Petersburg aged 62 |
| Alexander III Alexander III of Russia Alexander Alexandrovich Romanov , historically remembered as Alexander III or Alexander the Peacemaker reigned as Emperor of Russia from until his death on .-Disposition:... the Peace-Maker |
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10 March 1845 Saint Petersburg son of Emperor Alexander II and Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse) |
Princess Dagmar of Denmark 9 November 1866 6 children |
13 March 1881 | 1 November 1894 | 1 November 1894 Livadiya, Crimea Crimea Crimea , or the Autonomous Republic of Crimea , is a sub-national unit, an autonomous republic, of Ukraine. It is located on the northern coast of the Black Sea, occupying a peninsula of the same name... aged 49 |
| Nicholas II Nicholas II of Russia Nicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until... |
6 May 1868 Tsarskoye Selo Tsarskoye Selo Tsarskoye Selo is the town containing a former Russian residence of the imperial family and visiting nobility, located south from the center of St. Petersburg. It is now part of the town of Pushkin and of the World Heritage Site Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments.-History:In... son of Emperor Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark) |
Princess Alix of Hesse and by Rhine 26 November 1894 5 children |
1 November 1894 | 15 March 1917 | 17 July 1918 (executed) Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg Yekaterinburg is a major city in the central part of Russia, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast. Situated on the eastern side of the Ural mountain range, it is the main industrial and cultural center of the Urals Federal District with a population of 1,350,136 , making it Russia's... , Russian SFSR Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic , commonly referred to as Soviet Russia, Bolshevik Russia, or simply Russia, was the largest, most populous and economically developed republic in the former Soviet Union.... aged 50 |
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| Michael II Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia was the youngest son of Emperor Alexander III of Russia.At the time of his birth, his paternal grandfather was still the reigning Emperor of All the Russias. Michael was fourth-in-line to the throne following his father and elder brothers Nicholas and... (disputed) |
22 November 1878 Tsarskoye Selo son of Emperor Alexander III and Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark) |
Natalia Brassova 15 October 1911 one son (born before his parents' marriage) |
15 March 1917 | 16 March 1917 | 12 June 1918 (murdered) Perm Perm Perm is a city and the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia, located on the banks of the Kama River, in the European part of Russia near the Ural Mountains. From 1940 to 1957 it was named Molotov .... , Russian SFSR aged 39 |
See List of leaders of Russia for the continuation of leadership.
Pretenders to the Russian throne since 1917
- Nicholas IINicholas II of RussiaNicholas II was the last Emperor of Russia, Grand Prince of Finland, and titular King of Poland. His official short title was Nicholas II, Emperor and Autocrat of All the Russias and he is known as Saint Nicholas the Passion-Bearer by the Russian Orthodox Church.Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until...
(1917–1918) - Vacant (1918–1924)
- Cyril Vladimirovich, Grand Duke of Russia (1924–1938) of the Alexandrovichi Branch
- Vladimir Cyrillovich, Grand Duke of Russia (1938–1992)
- Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia (1992–Present) of the Vladimirovichi branch
- Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia, heir apparentHeir apparentAn heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
and son of Maria Vladimirovna, of the Vladimirovichi branch.
- Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia, heir apparent
- Nicholas Romanov, Prince of Russia (1992–Present) of the Nikolaevichi branch
- Prince Dimitri Romanovich of Russia, heir apparentHeir apparentAn heir apparent or heiress apparent is a person who is first in line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting, except by a change in the rules of succession....
and brother of Nicholas Romanov
- Prince Dimitri Romanovich of Russia, heir apparent
See Line of succession to the Russian throne
Line of succession to the Russian Throne
The Monarchy of Russia was abolished in 1917 following the February Revolution, which forced Emperor Nicholas II to abdicate. The issue of who is the current Pretender is open to debate.-Line of succession in March 1917:...