List of hoards in Ireland
Encyclopedia
The list of hoards in Ireland comprises the significant archaeological
hoards
of coins, jewellery, metal objects, scrap metal and other valuable items that have been discovered on the island of Ireland
(Republic of Ireland
and Northern Ireland
). It includes both hoards that were buried with the intention of retrieval at a later date (personal hoards, founder's hoards, merchant's hoards, and hoards of loot), and also hoards of votive offering
s which were not intended to be recovered at a later date, but excludes grave goods
and single items found in isolation. The list is subdivided into sections according to archaeological and historical periods.
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County Laois
53.056°N 7.307°W
|| 1967
|| National Museum of Ireland
, Dublin
|| 2 bronze axeheads, 1 bronze bracelet, and a number of bronze rings and pins
|-
| Coggalbeg Hoard
||
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County Roscommon
53.726°N 8.152°W
|| 1945
|| National Museum of Ireland
, Dublin
|| 1 gold lunula
2 gold discs
|-
| Derrinboy Hoard
||
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County Offaly
53.155°N 7.718°W
|| 1957 or 1958
|| National Museum of Ireland
, Dublin
|| 1 gold necklet
2 gold armlets
2 gold rings
|-
| Dowris Hoard
||
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||
County Offaly
53.167°N 7.869°W
|| 1825 or 1833
|| National Museum of Ireland
, Dublin
British Museum
, London
|| 5 swords
44 spearheads
43 axes
26 horns
44 crotals
3 bronze buckets
1 cauldron
|-
| Kilmoyly Hoard
||
||
||
County Kerry
52.370°N 9.771°W
|| 1940
|| National Museum of Ireland
, Dublin
|| 3 gold bracelets
1 gold dress-fastener
|-
|}
, and those hoards that have been found are thought to have been looted from Britain by Irish raiders.
culture in Ireland.
, from 1066 to about 1500.
. Most of these hoards date to the Elizabethan era
(1558–1603), during which time the Nine Years' War
(1594–1603) caused considerable instability throughout Ireland, but especially in Ulster
.
Archaeology
Archaeology, or archeology , is the study of human society, primarily through the recovery and analysis of the material culture and environmental data that they have left behind, which includes artifacts, architecture, biofacts and cultural landscapes...
hoards
Hoard
In archaeology, a hoard is a collection of valuable objects or artifacts, sometimes purposely buried in the ground. This would usually be with the intention of later recovery by the hoarder; hoarders sometimes died before retrieving the hoard, and these surviving hoards may be uncovered by...
of coins, jewellery, metal objects, scrap metal and other valuable items that have been discovered on the island of Ireland
Ireland
Ireland is an island to the northwest of continental Europe. It is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island on Earth...
(Republic of Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Ireland , described as the Republic of Ireland , is a sovereign state in Europe occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of the same name. Its capital is Dublin. Ireland, which had a population of 4.58 million in 2011, is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy,...
and Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west...
). It includes both hoards that were buried with the intention of retrieval at a later date (personal hoards, founder's hoards, merchant's hoards, and hoards of loot), and also hoards of votive offering
Votive offering
A votive deposit or votive offering is one or more objects displayed or deposited, without the intention of recovery or use, in a sacred place for broadly religious purposes. Such items are a feature of modern and ancient societies and are generally made in order to gain favor with supernatural...
s which were not intended to be recovered at a later date, but excludes grave goods
Grave goods
Grave goods, in archaeology and anthropology, are the items buried along with the body.They are usually personal possessions, supplies to smooth the deceased's journey into the afterlife or offerings to the gods. Grave goods are a type of votive deposit...
and single items found in isolation. The list is subdivided into sections according to archaeological and historical periods.
Neolithic hoards
The table below lists hoards that are dated to the Neolithic period, approximately 4500 to 2500 BC.Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Malone Hoard | County Antrim County Antrim County Antrim is one of six counties that form Northern Ireland, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland. Adjoined to the north-east shore of Lough Neagh, the county covers an area of 2,844 km², with a population of approximately 616,000... 54.571°N 5.945°W |
1869–1918 | Ulster Museum Ulster Museum The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial... , Belfast Belfast Belfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly... |
19 polished porcellanite Porcellanite Porcellanite or porcelanite, is a hard, dense rock somewhat similar in appearance to unglazed porcelain. It is often an impure variety of chert containing clay and calcareous matter.... axes |
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Bronze Age hoards
The table below list hoards that are associated with the Irish Copper and Bronze Ages, approximately 2500 BC to 700 BC.Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Ballinesker Hoard | County Wexford County Wexford County Wexford is a county in Ireland. It is part of the South-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Wexford. In pre-Norman times it was part of the Kingdom of Uí Cheinnselaig, whose capital was at Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local... 52.396°N 6.359°W |
1990 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
2 gold dress fasteners 1 gold bracelet 2 gold disks 3 gold boxes |
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Ballytegan Hoard |
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County Laois
County Laois
County Laois is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It was formerly known as Queen's County until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. The county's name was formerly spelt as Laoighis and Leix. Laois County Council...
53.056°N 7.307°W
|| 1967
|| National Museum of Ireland
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:...
, Dublin
|| 2 bronze axeheads, 1 bronze bracelet, and a number of bronze rings and pins
|-
| Coggalbeg Hoard
||
||
||
County Roscommon
County Roscommon
County Roscommon is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the town of Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county...
53.726°N 8.152°W
|| 1945
|| National Museum of Ireland
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:...
, Dublin
|| 1 gold lunula
2 gold discs
|-
| Derrinboy Hoard
||
||
||
County Offaly
County Offaly
County Offaly is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe and was formerly known as King's County until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. Offaly County Council is...
53.155°N 7.718°W
|| 1957 or 1958
|| National Museum of Ireland
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:...
, Dublin
|| 1 gold necklet
2 gold armlets
2 gold rings
|-
| Dowris Hoard
||
||
||
County Offaly
County Offaly
County Offaly is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Midlands Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the ancient Kingdom of Uí Failghe and was formerly known as King's County until the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922. Offaly County Council is...
53.167°N 7.869°W
|| 1825 or 1833
|| National Museum of Ireland
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:...
, Dublin
British Museum
British Museum
The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its...
, London
|| 5 swords
44 spearheads
43 axes
26 horns
44 crotals
Crotales
thumb|right|Crotales are often used with other mallet percussionCrotales , sometimes called antique cymbals, are percussion instruments consisting of small, tuned bronze or brass disks. Each is about 4 inches in diameter with a flat top surface and a nipple on the base. They are commonly...
3 bronze buckets
1 cauldron
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| Kilmoyly Hoard
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County Kerry
County Kerry
Kerry means the "people of Ciar" which was the name of the pre-Gaelic tribe who lived in part of the present county. The legendary founder of the tribe was Ciar, son of Fergus mac Róich. In Old Irish "Ciar" meant black or dark brown, and the word continues in use in modern Irish as an adjective...
52.370°N 9.771°W
|| 1940
|| National Museum of Ireland
National Museum of Ireland
The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:...
, Dublin
|| 3 gold bracelets
1 gold dress-fastener
|-
|}
Iron Age hoards
The table below list hoards that are associated with the Irish Iron Age, approximately 700 BC to 400 AD.Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Broighter Hoard Broighter Gold The Broighter Gold or more correctly, the Broighter Hoard, is a hoard of gold artefacts from the Iron Age of the 1st century BC that were found in 1896 by Tom Nicholl on farmland near Limavady, Northern Ireland. The hoard includes a gold boat, a gold torc and bowl and some other jewellery... |
County Londonderry County Londonderry The place name Derry is an anglicisation of the old Irish Daire meaning oak-grove or oak-wood. As with the city, its name is subject to the Derry/Londonderry name dispute, with the form Derry preferred by nationalists and Londonderry preferred by unionists... 55.073°N 6.984°W |
1896 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
1 gold model ship 1 gold model cauldron 2 gold neck chains 2 twisted gold torc Torc A torc, also spelled torq or torque, is a large, usually rigid, neck ring typically made from strands of metal twisted together. The great majority are open-ended at the front, although many seem designed for near-permanent wear and would have been difficult to remove. Smaller torcs worn around... necklets 1 hollow gold torc or collar |
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Dooyork Hoard | County Mayo County Mayo County Mayo is a county in Ireland. It is located in the West Region and is also part of the province of Connacht. It is named after the village of Mayo, which is now generally known as Mayo Abbey. Mayo County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county is 130,552... 54.106°N 9.933°W |
2001 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
4 gold torc Torc A torc, also spelled torq or torque, is a large, usually rigid, neck ring typically made from strands of metal twisted together. The great majority are open-ended at the front, although many seem designed for near-permanent wear and would have been difficult to remove. Smaller torcs worn around... s 3 bronze bracelets 7 amber beads |
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Roman hoards
The table below list hoards of Roman coins and silverware found in Ireland. There are very few Roman hoards in Ireland as it was never part of the Roman EmpireRoman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post-Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean....
, and those hoards that have been found are thought to have been looted from Britain by Irish raiders.
Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Balline Hoard | County Limerick County Limerick It is thought that humans had established themselves in the Lough Gur area of the county as early as 3000 BC, while megalithic remains found at Duntryleague date back further to 3500 BC... 52.399°N 8.455°W |
1940 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
4 silver ingots and 3 pieces of silver plate | ||
Coleraine Hoard | County Londonderry County Londonderry The place name Derry is an anglicisation of the old Irish Daire meaning oak-grove or oak-wood. As with the city, its name is subject to the Derry/Londonderry name dispute, with the form Derry preferred by nationalists and Londonderry preferred by unionists... 55.108°N 6.762°W |
1854 | British Museum British Museum The British Museum is a museum of human history and culture in London. Its collections, which number more than seven million objects, are amongst the largest and most comprehensive in the world and originate from all continents, illustrating and documenting the story of human culture from its... , London London London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its... Ulster Museum Ulster Museum The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial... , Belfast Belfast Belfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly... |
1,701 silver Roman coins, a silver bowl, and 6 kg of silver ingots and hacksilver Hacksilver thumb|300px|right|Hacksilver from the medieval period, Museum für Hamburgische Geschichte, Hamburg, Germany.Hacksilver, or Hack-silver, is fragments of cut and bent silver items treated as bullion, either for ease of carrying before melting down for re-use, or simply used as currency by weight... |
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Early Medieval hoards
The table below lists hoards that are associated with the early medieval period, from the introduction of Christianity until the start of Anglo-Norman settlement, approximately 400 AD to 1100 AD.Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Ardagh Hoard Ardagh Chalice The Ardagh Hoard, best known for the Ardagh Chalice, is a hoard of metalwork from the 8th and 9th centuries, found in 1868 and now in the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin... |
County Limerick County Limerick It is thought that humans had established themselves in the Lough Gur area of the county as early as 3000 BC, while megalithic remains found at Duntryleague date back further to 3500 BC... 52.495°N 9.062°W |
1868 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
1 silver chalice 1 bronze chalice 4 silver-gilt brooches. |
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Derrynaflan Hoard Derrynaflan Chalice The Derrynaflan Chalice is an 8th- or 9th-century chalice, that was found as part of the Derrynaflan Hoard of five liturgical vessels. The discovery was made on 17 February 1980 near Killenaule, South Tipperary in Ireland... |
County Tipperary County Tipperary County Tipperary is a county of Ireland. It is located in the province of Munster and is named after the town of Tipperary. The area of the county does not have a single local authority; local government is split between two authorities. In North Tipperary, part of the Mid-West Region, local... 52.567°N 7.669°W |
1980 | National Museum of Ireland National Museum of Ireland The National Museum of Ireland is the national museum in Ireland. It has three branches in Dublin and one in County Mayo, with a strong emphasis on Irish art, culture and natural history.-Archaeology:... , Dublin |
A set of liturgical vessels, comprising a silver chalice, a silver paten, a stand for the paten, a liturgical strainer, and a bronze basin. | ||
Viking hoards
The table below lists hoards that are associated with the VikingViking
The term Viking is customarily used to refer to the Norse explorers, warriors, merchants, and pirates who raided, traded, explored and settled in wide areas of Europe, Asia and the North Atlantic islands from the late 8th to the mid-11th century.These Norsemen used their famed longships to...
culture in Ireland.
Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Mullaghboden Hoard | County Kildare County Kildare County Kildare is a county in Ireland. It is part of the Mid-East Region and is also located in the province of Leinster. It is named after the town of Kildare. Kildare County Council is the local authority for the county... 53.140°N 6.658°W |
1871 | 11 Carolingian coins | |||
Medieval hoards
The table below lists hoards that date to the late medieval periodMedieval Ireland
Ireland in the Middle Ages:*Early Medieval Ireland: History of Ireland *Norman Ireland...
, from 1066 to about 1500.
Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Armagh City Hoard | County Armagh County Armagh -History:Ancient Armagh was the territory of the Ulaid before the fourth century AD. It was ruled by the Red Branch, whose capital was Emain Macha near Armagh. The site, and subsequently the city, were named after the goddess Macha... 54.349°N 6.6546°W |
1998 | Ulster Museum Ulster Museum The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial... |
35 silver coins worth £1,800 | ||
Post-Medieval hoards
The table below lists hoards that date to 1536 or later, following the reconquest of Ireland by Henry VIII of EnglandHenry VIII of England
Henry VIII was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was Lord, and later King, of Ireland, as well as continuing the nominal claim by the English monarchs to the Kingdom of France...
. Most of these hoards date to the Elizabethan era
Elizabethan era
The Elizabethan era was the epoch in English history of Queen Elizabeth I's reign . Historians often depict it as the golden age in English history...
(1558–1603), during which time the Nine Years' War
Nine Years' War (Ireland)
The Nine Years' War or Tyrone's Rebellion took place in Ireland from 1594 to 1603. It was fought between the forces of Gaelic Irish chieftains Hugh O'Neill of Tír Eoghain, Hugh Roe O'Donnell of Tír Chonaill and their allies, against English rule in Ireland. The war was fought in all parts of the...
(1594–1603) caused considerable instability throughout Ireland, but especially in Ulster
Ulster
Ulster is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the north of the island. In ancient Ireland, it was one of the fifths ruled by a "king of over-kings" . Following the Norman invasion of Ireland, the ancient kingdoms were shired into a number of counties for administrative and judicial...
.
Hoard | | Image | | Date | | Place of discovery | | Year of discovery | | Current Location | | Contents |
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Armagh Castle Street Hoard | County Armagh County Armagh -History:Ancient Armagh was the territory of the Ulaid before the fourth century AD. It was ruled by the Red Branch, whose capital was Emain Macha near Armagh. The site, and subsequently the city, were named after the goddess Macha... 54.347°N 6.656°W |
1976 | Ulster Museum Ulster Museum The Ulster Museum, located in the Botanic Gardens in Belfast, has around 8,000 square metres of public display space, featuring material from the collections of fine art and applied art, archaeology, ethnography, treasures from the Spanish Armada, local history, numismatics, industrial... , Belfast Belfast Belfast is the capital of and largest city in Northern Ireland. By population, it is the 14th biggest city in the United Kingdom and second biggest on the island of Ireland . It is the seat of the devolved government and legislative Northern Ireland Assembly... |
135 Irish groats | ||